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Secrets of Wuquf in Mash'ar

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Secrets of Wuquf in Mash'ar refers to the hidden truths and wisdom behind the stay of Hajj pilgrims in the land of Mash'ar. Wuquf in Mash'ar (staying in Mash'ar) is one of the obligatory rites of Hajj, during which pilgrims, after leaving Arafat, spend the night of Eid al-Adha in the land of Mash'ar (located between Mecca and Arafat) and remain there until sunrise. Staying from dawn until sunrise is considered one of the pillars of Hajj. Reciting supplication, remembering God, and collecting pebbles for the Ramy al-Jamarat are among the recommended acts (mustahabbat) of this stay.

Among the philosophies of staying in Mash'ar is preparing to enter the Haram (Sacred Precinct), performing the sacrifice, and visiting the House of God. Furthermore, in traditions, this place is described as the threshold of the second gate to the Haram, where the pilgrim is granted permission to enter through weeping and supplication. Mash'ar is a place for the descent of mercy, the forgiveness of sins, and the answering of prayers, and Wuquf (staying) there increases hope for divine forgiveness. Verse 198 of Surah Al-Baqarah identifies Mash'ar al-Haram as a place for the remembrance of God, and according to some exegetes, the secret of staying there is to awaken the heart to piety and the fear of God.

Regarding the etiquette of the stay, there are recommendations to practice patience and avoid haste or causing annoyance to others, as rushing was a custom of the pre-Islamic era. Imam Sadiq (AS) considered the abandonment of arrogance a condition for attracting God's mercy, defining pride as "offending people and rejecting the truth." Reciting the supplication "Fakka raqabati min al-nar" (Free my neck from the Fire) and requesting forgiveness, offering apologies, and maintaining piety in Mash'ar are highly recommended. It is said that these supplications indicate that Mash'ar is a place for seeking forgiveness, the health of one's faith, the acceptance of rituals, and the blessing of deeds.


Wuquf in Mash'ar

Main article: Wuquf in Mash'ar

Wuquf in Mash'ar, meaning staying in Mash'ar from the dawn of Eid al-Adha until sunrise, is the third obligatory act of Hajj.[1] The minimum stay in Mash'ar is considered a pillar of Hajj.[2] Mash'ar is a land situated between the city of Mecca and Arafat[3] where pilgrims, after Wuquf in Arafat, travel to this land and perform their stay.[4] This land is located between the mountain pass of Ma'zamayn and Wadi Muhassir and is approximately four kilometers long.[5]

Reciting supplications, remembering God, and gathering the pebbles that must be thrown at the Jamarat in Mina are among the recommended acts of the stay in Mash'ar.[6]


Philosophy of Wuquf in Mash'ar

Preparation for Entering the Haram

In traditions, Mash'ar is considered the threshold of the second gate to the Mecca Haram, where the pilgrim, by staying, weeping, and purifying themselves in Mash'ar, receives permission to perform the sacrifice[7] and pilgrimage to the House of God.[8] Some have considered the stay in Mash'ar as a means of preparation for the next day's struggle against the devil in the form of the Ramy al-Jamrah ritual.[9]

Attracting Divine Forgiveness and Mercy

A tradition from the Prophet (PBUH) points to the descent of divine blessings, the forgiveness of sinners for the sake of the righteous, and the answering of prayers in Mash'ar.[10] By comparing the location of the land of Arafat (which is outside the Haram boundaries) with Mash'ar, which is within the boundaries of the Mecca Haram, some believe that one can have greater hope for divine mercy and closeness to God during the second stay of the pilgrims in the land of Mash'ar.[9][11]

Increasing the Remembrance of God and Piety in the Hearts of Pilgrims

Verse 198 of Surah Al-BaqarahTemplate:Note identifies Mash'ar al-Haram as a place for the remembrance of God. Javadi Amoli writes regarding the secrets of Mash'ar: The secret of the stay and Baitutah (spending the night) in Mash'ar al-Haram is that the pilgrim awakens their heart with the slogan of piety and makes God-consciousness and fear of God the slogan of their heart.[12]


Philosophy of the Etiquette of Wuquf

Avoiding Haste and Disturbance

In a hadith from Imam Sadiq (AS), there is an injunction to be patient in movement and to take care not to disturb others during the crowds in Mash'ar.[13] It is said that haste and rushing, accompanied by noise and commotion when departing from Arafat, were customs of pilgrims during the pre-Islamic period.[14]

Abandoning Arrogance and Expressing Humility and Love for People

Imam Sadiq (AS) in a tradition recommended casting aside pride in the land of Mash'ar, stating that the philosophy behind this is to attract God's mercy to the pilgrim if they remove pride from their heart.[15]

Recommendation for Supplication

In traditions, it is recommended to recite the supplication "Fakka raqabati min al-nar"; "O God, grant me salvation from the Fire."[16] It is also recommended that, as a guest of God, one should ask Him for a reward, that He forgive one's slips, accept one's excuses, and make piety the provision for one's journey.[17] Some have interpreted the philosophy of these supplications as follows: "Mash'ar is a place for seeking forgiveness, the health of one's faith, the acceptance of rituals, and the blessing of deeds and sustenance; meaning the door to divine mercy, forgiveness, and grace is open."[18]


See Also


Footnotes

  1. ↑ Hajj in Islamic Thought, p. 288.
  2. ↑ Encyclopedia of Hajj and Umrah Terms, p. 276.
  3. ↑ Shifa' al-Gharam, Vol. 1, pp. 505 and 507.
  4. ↑ Yanabi' al-Fiqhiyyah, Vol. 7, p. 198; Sharayi, p. 634.
  5. ↑ Mir'at al-Haramayn, Vol. 1, p. 341.
  6. ↑ Man la Yahduruhu al-Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 543; Translation of Man la Yahduruhu al-Faqih, Vol. 3, p. 447.
  7. ↑ Kafi, Vol. 1, p. 224, Hadith 4; Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 17, p. 448, Hadith 5.
  8. ↑ Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith, p. 236, citing: Tahdhib al-Ahkam, Vol. 5, p. 448, Hadith 1565; Kanz al-Fawa'id, Vol. 2, p. 81; Al-Manaqib, Ibn Shahr Ashub, Vol. 2, p. 378.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Al-Akhlaq, p. 125.
  10. ↑ Sunan Ibn Majah, Hadith 3024; a similar hadith regarding Arafat appears in Shia sources.
  11. ↑ Lesson Plan: An Introduction to the Encyclopedia of Secrets and Teachings of Hajj, pp. 208 and 209.
  12. ↑ Cited in: Lesson Plan: An Introduction to the Encyclopedia of Secrets and Teachings of Hajj, p. 210.
  13. ↑ Wasa'il, Vol. 14, p. 6.
  14. ↑ Ilal al-Sharayi, p. 444.
  15. ↑ Al-Mahasin, Vol. 1, p. 141.
  16. ↑ Al-Hajj wa al-Umrah fi al-Kitab wa al-Sunnah, p. 225.
  17. ↑ Al-Hajj wa al-Umrah fi al-Kitab wa al-Sunnah, pp. 222 and 225.
  18. ↑ Lesson Plan: An Introduction to the Encyclopedia of Secrets and Teachings of Hajj, p. 212.

References

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