Pourghorbani
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'''The Hajar al-Aswad pillar''' is the southeast corner of the Ka'ba building. The structure of the Ka'ba is quadrangular, and each corner is called a rukn, and the sum of the four corners is referred to as [[the pillars of the Ka'ba]]. Hajar al-Aswad pillar, which is located in the southeast of the Ka'ba, is the starting point of the [[Tawaf|tawaf]], and at a height of one and a half meters, the Black Stone (Hajar al-Aswad) is situated there. Therefore, it is known as Rukn Hajar al-Aswad or Rukn al-Aswad. | |||
==Location== | |||
Rukn Hajar al-Aswad is located in the southeast of the Kaaba and is the starting point of the tawaf (circumambulation).(1)Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 1, p. 65. , Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 236. , Ibn Jubayr, ''Riḥla Ibn Jubayr'', p. 53. | Rukn Hajar al-Aswad is located in the southeast of the Kaaba and is the starting point of the tawaf (circumambulation).(1)Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 1, p. 65. , Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 236. , Ibn Jubayr, ''Riḥla Ibn Jubayr'', p. 53. | ||
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==Other Names== | |||
Some refer to Rukn Hajar al-Aswad as the Eastern Corner (Rukn al-Sharqi).(6) Ibn Jubayr, ''Riḥla Ibn Jubayr'', p. 53. | Some refer to Rukn Hajar al-Aswad as the Eastern Corner (Rukn al-Sharqi).(6) Ibn Jubayr, ''Riḥla Ibn Jubayr'', p. 53. | ||
At times, both Rukn Hajar al-Aswad and Rukn Yamani are referred to as Rukn Yamani due to their location in the direction of Yemeni territory.(7) Qalashqandī,''Ṣubḥ al-aʿshā'', vol. 4, p. 258. | At times, both Rukn Hajar al-Aswad and Rukn Yamani are referred to as Rukn Yamani due to their location in the direction of Yemeni territory.(7) Qalashqandī,''Ṣubḥ al-aʿshā'', vol. 4, p. 258. | ||
The term 'Rukn' alone is frequently used to refer to Rukn Hajar al-Aswad, and in many contexts, 'Rukn' essentially means the Black Stone.(8) Fākihī,''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥaīthih'', vol. 1, p. 134. , Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 236. , Qazwīnī, '' Āthār al-bilād wa-akhbār al-ʿibād'' , p. 118. | The term 'Rukn' alone is frequently used to refer to Rukn Hajar al-Aswad, and in many contexts, 'Rukn' essentially means the Black Stone.(8) Fākihī,''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥaīthih'', vol. 1, p. 134. , Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 236. , Qazwīnī, '' Āthār al-bilād wa-akhbār al-ʿibād'' , p. 118. | ||
==Receiving== | |||
Receiving" refers to touching and laying hands on something. | Receiving" refers to touching and laying hands on something. | ||
The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) paid special attention to both Rukn Hajar al-Aswad and Rukn Yamani, advising his companions to respect them and perform their specific rituals and acts. He considered touching them (Estelam) a means for the forgiveness of sins.(9) Fākihī,''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥaīthih'', vol. 1, p. 127. , Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 1, p. 331. , Khārazmī, ''al-. Ithara al-targhīb'' , vol. 1, p. 258. | The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) paid special attention to both Rukn Hajar al-Aswad and Rukn Yamani, advising his companions to respect them and perform their specific rituals and acts. He considered touching them (Estelam) a means for the forgiveness of sins.(9) Fākihī,''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥaīthih'', vol. 1, p. 127. , Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 1, p. 331. , Khārazmī, ''al-. Ithara al-targhīb'' , vol. 1, p. 258. | ||
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"Additionally, a number of Shia jurists, based on narrations, have considered touching Rukn Hajar al-Aswad and the other corners to be recommended (mustahabb).(11) Ṭūsī, ''Al-Istibṣār fīmā ikhtalafa min al-akhbār'' ,vol. 2, p. 216. , Ṭūsī,''Miṣbāḥ al-mutahajjid wa-silāḥ al-mutʿabbid'', p. 681. , Ibn Idrīs, '' Al-Sarāʾir al-ḥāwī li-taḥrīr al-fatāwī'', vol. 1, p. 572. | "Additionally, a number of Shia jurists, based on narrations, have considered touching Rukn Hajar al-Aswad and the other corners to be recommended (mustahabb).(11) Ṭūsī, ''Al-Istibṣār fīmā ikhtalafa min al-akhbār'' ,vol. 2, p. 216. , Ṭūsī,''Miṣbāḥ al-mutahajjid wa-silāḥ al-mutʿabbid'', p. 681. , Ibn Idrīs, '' Al-Sarāʾir al-ḥāwī li-taḥrīr al-fatāwī'', vol. 1, p. 572. | ||
Prayers of the Prophet | ==Prayers of the Prophet== | ||
According to sources, the Prophet (PBUH) would whisper or recommend certain prayers between Rukn Hajar al-Aswad and Rukn Yamani, such as: "O Allah, our Lord, give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and save us from the punishment of the Fire" and "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from disbelief and poverty.(12) ) Fākihī,''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥaīthih'', vol. 1, p. 145. | According to sources, the Prophet (PBUH) would whisper or recommend certain prayers between Rukn Hajar al-Aswad and Rukn Yamani, such as: "O Allah, our Lord, give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and save us from the punishment of the Fire" and "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from disbelief and poverty.(12) ) Fākihī,''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥaīthih'', vol. 1, p. 145. | ||
Among these prayers are. | Among these prayers are. | ||
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"In the name of Allah, and Allah is the greatest; upon what Allah has guided us. There is no god but Allah, He alone, without partner. I believe in Allah and disbelieve in the Taghut.(13) Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 1, p. 339. | "In the name of Allah, and Allah is the greatest; upon what Allah has guided us. There is no god but Allah, He alone, without partner. I believe in Allah and disbelieve in the Taghut.(13) Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 1, p. 339. | ||
"In the name of Allah, and Allah is the greatest, in faith in Allah and affirming the response of Muhammad, peace be upon him.(14) ) Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 257. | "In the name of Allah, and Allah is the greatest, in faith in Allah and affirming the response of Muhammad, peace be upon him.(14) ) Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 257. | ||
References | ==Notes== | ||
{{Notes}} | |||
==References== | |||
{{References}} | |||
• Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Akhbār Makka. Qom: Maktaba al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, [n.d] | • Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Akhbār Makka. Qom: Maktaba al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, [n.d] | ||
• Kurdī, Muḥammad Ṭāhir. ''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm''. Beirut: : Dār al- Khiḍr, 1420 AH. | • Kurdī, Muḥammad Ṭāhir. ''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm''. Beirut: : Dār al- Khiḍr, 1420 AH. | ||
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.Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. Ḥasan al- (Shaykh Ṭūsī). *Miṣbāḥ al-mutahajjid wa-silāḥ al-mutʿabbid*. Edited by Ismāʿīl Anṣārī Zanjānī, prepared by ʿAlī Aṣghar Marwārīd. Beirut: Fiqh al-Shīʿa, 1411 AH. | .Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. Ḥasan al- (Shaykh Ṭūsī). *Miṣbāḥ al-mutahajjid wa-silāḥ al-mutʿabbid*. Edited by Ismāʿīl Anṣārī Zanjānī, prepared by ʿAlī Aṣghar Marwārīd. Beirut: Fiqh al-Shīʿa, 1411 AH. | ||
.Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Kāfī''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī & Muḥammad Ākhūndī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH. | .Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Kāfī''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī & Muḥammad Ākhūndī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH. | ||
{{end}} | |||