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Adam (AS) is the first human and the first prophet. According to some Islamic narrations, after being expelled from [[paradise]], Adam settled in [[Mecca]]. His repentance was accepted in Mecca, and he was the one who built the Kaaba. He was also the first to learn the [[Rites of Hajj|rituals of Hajj]] from the [[Gabriel]] and performed the pilgrimage many times. | Adam (AS) is the first human and the first prophet. According to some Islamic narrations, after being expelled from [[paradise]], Adam settled in [[Mecca]]. His repentance was accepted in Mecca, and he was the one who built the Kaaba. He was also the first to learn the [[Rites of Hajj|rituals of Hajj]] from the [[Gabriel]] and performed the pilgrimage many times. | ||
==Lexicology== | ==Lexicology== | ||
The name "Adam" is used in the Quran and the two Testaments to refer to the first human, and with slight variations, it is used in other Semitic languages such as Phoenician, Hebrew, Syriac, and Mandean. In addition to being a proper noun, it is also used as a generic term equivalent to the word "human."<ref></ref> | The name "Adam" is used in the Quran and the two Testaments to refer to the first human, and with slight variations, it is used in other Semitic languages such as Phoenician, Hebrew, Syriac, and Mandean. In addition to being a proper noun, it is also used as a generic term equivalent to the word "human."<ref>Jeffrey, ''Wāzhihāy-i dakhī dar Qurā-i Majīd'', p. 106-107.</ref> | ||
==Creation== | ==Creation== | ||
Abrahamic religions, as well as other religions and beliefs of Semitic | Abrahamic religions, as well as other religions and beliefs of Semitic people, narrate a relatively similar story of the creation and establishment of the first human. In the Quran (for example, Surah Al-Baqarah, verses 30-38; Surah Al-A'raf, verses 19-25) and the Old Testament, the story of Prophet Adam, including the creation from clay, the formation of the body, and the infusion of the soul, is detailed. Different perspectives on each of these stages and various aspects, especially the concept of instantaneous or gradual creation, are discussed in various interpretations. | ||
Some, based on scientific findings and certain narratives, argue that humans existed before Adam. | Some, based on scientific findings and certain narratives, argue that humans existed before Adam. | ||
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*Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. ''Jāmiʾ al-bayān fi tafsīr al-Qurʾān''. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1415 AH. | *Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. ''Jāmiʾ al-bayān fi tafsīr al-Qurʾān''. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1415 AH. | ||
*Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. ''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh''. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH-1965. | *Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. ''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh''. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH-1965. | ||
* Jeffrey, Artur. Wāzhihāy-i dakhī dar Qurā-i Majīd. translated by Badrihʾī, Tehran: Tūs, 1372 sh. | * Jeffrey, Artur. ''Wāzhihāy-i dakhī dar Qurā-i Majīd''. translated by Badrihʾī, Tehran: Tūs, 1372 sh. | ||