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Lady Khadija's House: Difference between revisions
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==Location== | ==Location== | ||
Lady Khadija's house was in Perfumers Alley (Zuqaq al-'Attarin), [[Mecca]].<ref> | Lady Khadija's house was in Perfumers Alley (Zuqaq al-'Attarin), [[Mecca]].<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 78-87; Yamani, ''Sayyida Khadija bint khuwaylid'', p. 94.</ref> It was located in the vicinity of [[Abu Sufyan]]'s house.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 199.</ref> | ||
This house was the place where the Prophet(s) lived with [[Lady Khadija]]<ref> | This house was the place where the Prophet(s) lived with [[Lady Khadija]]<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'' ,vol. 2, p. 199.</ref> and many [[Meccan verses]] of the Qur'an were revealed in this house.<ref>Fāsī, ''al-Zuhūr al-muqtaṭafa'', p. 99.</ref> [[Fatima(a)]] and other children of Lady Khadija were born in this house.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'' ,vol. 2, p. 199.</ref> It is also reported that this house is the place of demise of Khadija. The Prophet(s) continued living in this house after that until he migrated to [[Medina]].<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'' ,vol. 2, p. 199.</ref> | ||
==Names== | ==Names== | ||
This house became known as the Dar (house) of [[Lady Khadija]] because of her residence and it was also known as [[Lady Fatima]]'s birthplace because of the birth of Lady Fatima there.<ref> | This house became known as the Dar (house) of [[Lady Khadija]] because of her residence and it was also known as [[Lady Fatima]]'s birthplace because of the birth of Lady Fatima there.<ref>Fāsī, ''al-Zuhūr al-muqtaṭafa'', p. 99.</ref> | ||
==First Descriptions== | ==First Descriptions== | ||
According to Abu l-Walid al-Azraqi, a historian of the third/ninth century, this house was taken over by [['Aqil b. Abi Talib]] after the Prophet(s) migrated to [[Medina]]. [[Mu'awiya b. Abi Sufyan]] bought the house and turned it into a mosque and opened a door to it from Abu Sufyan's house.<ref> | According to Abu l-Walid al-Azraqi, a historian of the third/ninth century, this house was taken over by [['Aqil b. Abi Talib]] after the Prophet(s) migrated to [[Medina]]. [[Mu'awiya b. Abi Sufyan]] bought the house and turned it into a mosque and opened a door to it from Abu Sufyan's house.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 199; Ibn Zahira, ''al-Jami' al-latif'', p. 286; Kurdi,''al-Tarikh al-qawim'', vol. 1, p. 289.</ref> This house was later called Dar Abi Sufyan.<ref>Kurdi,''al-Tarikh al-qawim'', vol. 1, p. 289.</ref> Elsewhere, al-Azraqi says that the house was occupied by Mu'attib, the son of [[Abu Lahab]], one of the stubborn enemies of the Prophet(s) after his migration,<ref>Ibn Sa'd,''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'' | ||
vol. 4, p. 45.</ref> but the Prophet(s) did not claim the house after the [[conquest of Mecca]].<ref> | vol. 4, p. 45.</ref> but the Prophet(s) did not claim the house after the [[conquest of Mecca]].<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 245.</ref> | ||
Ibn Jubayr (d. 614/1217-8) mentioned this house in his travelogue at the end of the 6th/12th century. This house had two domes at the time. The larger dome was called the Dome of the Revelation, which was the place where the Prophet(s) used to worship, and the place where Gabriel descended on the Prophet(s), and the other is a small dome, where [[Lady Fatima(a)]] was born.<ref>Ibn Jubayr, ''Safarnama Ibn Jubayr'', p. 81-82.</ref> | Ibn Jubayr (d. 614/1217-8) mentioned this house in his travelogue at the end of the 6th/12th century. This house had two domes at the time. The larger dome was called the Dome of the Revelation, which was the place where the Prophet(s) used to worship, and the place where Gabriel descended on the Prophet(s), and the other is a small dome, where [[Lady Fatima(a)]] was born.<ref>Ibn Jubayr, ''Safarnama Ibn Jubayr'', p. 81-82.</ref> | ||
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==In the 9th/15th Century== | ==In the 9th/15th Century== | ||
Taqi al-Din al-Fasi (d. 832/1428-9), the historian of Mecca, gave a detailed description of the building of Khadija's house, or according to him "[[Mawlid Fatima]]", and pointed out that this house is considered virtuous by the people and they visit it.<ref> | Taqi al-Din al-Fasi (d. 832/1428-9), the historian of Mecca, gave a detailed description of the building of Khadija's house, or according to him "[[Mawlid Fatima]]", and pointed out that this house is considered virtuous by the people and they visit it.<ref>Fāsī, ''al-Zuhūr al-muqtaṭafa'', p. 99.</ref> | ||
Al-Fasi says this place is more like a mosque because it has a portico with seven arches and eight columns. In the middle of the front wall are three altars; in front of it is a colonnade with four arches and five columns. The other part of the house is the rooms. One is Fatima's birthplace, the other is the [[Qubbat al-Wahy]].<ref> | Al-Fasi says this place is more like a mosque because it has a portico with seven arches and eight columns. In the middle of the front wall are three altars; in front of it is a colonnade with four arches and five columns. The other part of the house is the rooms. One is Fatima's birthplace, the other is the [[Qubbat al-Wahy]].<ref>Fāsī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām'', vol. 1, p. 360.</ref> Some believe that these rooms are the old area house that was in the time of the Prophet(s) and the mosque was added to it later.<ref>Fāsī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām'', vol .1 p.360.</ref> The shorter descriptions of other writers are also consistent with al-Fasi's description until the eleventh/seventeenth century.<ref>Yamani, ''Dar Sayyida Khadija'', p. 48.</ref> | ||
==In the 13th/19th and 14th/20th century== | ==In the 13th/19th and 14th/20th century== | ||
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==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
{{Notes}} | {{Notes}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{References}} | {{References}} | ||
* | * Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fī-hā min al-āthār''. Edited by Rushdī Ṣāliḥ Mulḥis. Beirut: 1403AH. | ||
* Fāsī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-Taqī al-. ''Al-Zuhūr al-muqtaṭafa min tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa''. Mecca: Maktaba Nazār Muṣṭafā al-Bāz, 1418AH. | |||
* | * Fāsī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-Taqī al-. ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi-akhbār al-Balad al-Ḥarām''. Mecca: Maktaba Nazār Muṣṭafā al-Bāz, 1418AH. | ||
* | * Haykal, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. ‘’Fī manzil al-waḥy’’. Cairo: al-Hayʾat al-Miṣrīyya al-ʿĀmma li-l-Kitāb, 2010. | ||
*Haykal, | * Ibrāhīm Rafʿat Pāshā. ''Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn''. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, n.d. | ||
* | |||
*Ibn Sa'd, Muhammad b. Mani' al-Hashimi al-Basri. ''Al-Tabaqat * al-kubra''. Edited by Muhammad 'Abd al-Qadir 'Ata. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya,1410AH-1990. | *Ibn Sa'd, Muhammad b. Mani' al-Hashimi al-Basri. ''Al-Tabaqat * al-kubra''. Edited by Muhammad 'Abd al-Qadir 'Ata. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya,1410AH-1990. | ||
*Ibn Zahira, Muhammad Jarullah. ''Al-Jami' al-latif fi faḍl-i Makka wa ahluha wa bina' al-Bayt al-Sharif''. Edited by 'Ali 'Umar. Cairo: 1423AH: | *Ibn Zahira, Muhammad Jarullah. ''Al-Jami' al-latif fi faḍl-i Makka wa ahluha wa bina' al-Bayt al-Sharif''. Edited by 'Ali 'Umar. Cairo: 1423AH: | ||