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Altar of the Prophet
'''Prophet's Miḥrāb'''(Arabic:محراب النبي) is the place where the [[Prophet Muḥammad(a)]] prays, which is located in the [[Masjid al-Nabī]] between the [[Prophet's pulpit]] and his grave. During the period of the Prophet, there was nothing in the form of a miḥrāb, until during the development of the Masjid al-Nabī during the period of Walīd b. Abdul-Malik, a miḥrāb was built in the place of his prayer. Qāytbāy, the king of Egypt (9th/15th century) rebuilt the hollow-shaped miḥrāb by renewing the mosque. this miḥrāb was decorated during the era of Ottoman rule and is still located in Masjid al-Nabī.
The Prophet’s Altar is the place where the Prophet (PBUH) prays, which is located in the Prophet’s Mosque between the Prophet’s pulpit and his grave. During the period of the Prophet, there was nothing in the form of a mihrab, until during the development of the Prophet’s Mosque during the period of Walid bin Abdul Malik, a mihrab was built in the place of his prayer. Qaytbay, the king of Egypt (9th century AD) rebuilt the hollow altar by renewing the mosque. Ibn Mihrab was decorated during the era of Ottoman rule and is still located in Masjid al-Nabi.
History
During the time of the Prophet (PBUH), in the place of Masjid al-Nabi where he prayed, there was no mihrab in the form of a hollow inside the wall[1. Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī,  Muṣṭafā .  Al-madīna al-munawwara. P59] and the place of prayer of the Prophet had no sign except that it was next to the Makhalkah pillar. [2. Sayyid Ḍīyāʾ b. Muḥammad b. Maqbūl ʿAṭṭār.Al-Taʿrīf  bi tārīkh wa maʿālim al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf.p162] This was the first time in the development of Masjid al-Nabi. During the period of Walid bin Abd al-Malik (reign 86-96 AH), a mihrab was built at the place of the Prophet’s prayer.[3. Sayyid al-Wakīl,Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh.p128.  Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl.  ’Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna’’p260]
During the Mamluk period
Although historical sources do not have any reports about the reconstruction of the mihrab during the period of Baybars Bundogdari (reigned 658-676 AH), the fourth Mamluk sultan, some researchers, by examining historical evidence, believe that the first hollow-shaped mihrab (carved into the wall) in the reconstructions of the Baybars period in the place The prayer of the Prophet (PBUH) was made; Because the reports of the sources before this date did not mention the existence of a hollow altar in the place of the Prophet’s shrine. [4 Hazzaʿ al-Shahrī, Muḥammad .ʿImārah al-masjid al-nabawīī. P227]
In the restoration of Masjid-ul-Nabi during the period of Qaytbai, the Sultan of Egypt, in 888 after the fire in Masjid-ul-Nabi, the mihrab was rebuilt in the place of the Prophet’s prayer, and in the same period, it was decorated with marble and verses from the Qur’an were engraved on it [5. Hazzaʿ al-Shahrī, Muḥammad .ʿImārah al-masjid al-nabawīī. P342]. ]
In the Ottoman period
In the restoration of Masjid al-Nabi during the reign of Sultan Abdul Majid I, the Prophet’s altar, which was left over from the time of Qaytbay, was gilded. Also, during this time, Abdullah Zahdi, a Turkish calligrapher, engraved verses of the Quran, texts and poems on the mihrab.[6. Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī,  Muṣṭafā .  Al-madīna al-munawwara p.96] In the Saudi period, the same mihrab of the Qaytbay period remained.[7. ʿImārah wa tawsiah al-masjid al-nabawīī p170]
Place
The Prophet’s altar was built in the place of the Prophet’s Mosque where the Messenger of God (pbuh) prayed. [3] This altar is located next to the Mukhallaqah pillar [8. Sayyid al-Wakīl.Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkhp163 ] and in the distance between the pulpit of the Prophet (pbuh) and his grave (Rawzah Sharifah). [9.Sayyid al-Wakīl.Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh p163 ] Researchers are of the opinion that this place is the place where the Prophet (PBUH) prayed. [3.Sayyid al-Wakīl,Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh.p128.  Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl.  ’Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna’’p260 ]
The mihrab is placed in such a way that the one who prostrates on it places his forehead on the Prophet’s sitting place, not his prostration place. [8.  Sayyid al-Wakīl.Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkhp163] The Prophet’s prostration place is placed under the mihrab.[10.Sayyid Ḍīyāʾ b. Muḥammad b. Maqbūl ʿAṭṭār.Al-Taʿrīf  bi tārīkh wa maʿālim al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf p164 ]


==History==
During the time of the [[Prophet Muḥammad(a)]], in the place of [[Masjid al-Nabī]] where he prayed, there was no miḥrāb in the form of a hollow-shaped inside the wall. <ref>Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī, ''Al-madīna al-munawwara'', P. 59.</ref> and the place of prayer of the Prophet, had no sign except that it was next to the [[Mukhallaqa pillar]].<ref>ʿAṭṭār, ''Al-Taʿrīf  bi tārīkh wa maʿālim al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf'', p. 162.</ref> This was the first time in the development of Masjid al-Nabī. During the period of Walīd b. Abdul-Malik (r. 86-96 AH/705-714-5), a miḥrāb was built at the place of the Prophet's prayer.<ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'', p. 128; Jaʿfariyān,  ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 260.</ref>


===During the Mamālīk period===
Although historical sources do not have any reports about the reconstruction of the miḥrāb during the period of [[Baybars Bunduqdārī]] (r. 658-676 AH/1259-60 -1277-8 AD), the fourth [[Mamālīk]] king, some researchers, by examining historical evidence, believe that the first hollow-shaped miḥrāb (carved into the wall) in the reconstructions of the Baybars period was made in the place that [[Prophet Muḥammad(a)]] prayed; Because the reports of the sources before this date did not mention the existence of a hollow-shaped miḥrāb in the place of Prophet's prayer.<ref>al-Shahrī, ''ʿImāra al-masjid al-nabawīī'', p. 227.</ref>
In the reconstruction of [[Masjid al-Nabī]] during the period of Qāytbāy, the king of Egypt, in 888 AH/1483-4 AD after the fire in Masjid al-Nabī, the miḥrāb was rebuilt in the place of the Prophet's prayer, and in the same period, it was decorated with marble and verses from the Quran were engraved on it<ref>al-Shahrī, ''ʿImāra al-masjid al-nabawīī'', P. 342.</ref>
===In the Ottoman period===
In the reconstruction of [[Masjid al-Nabī]] during the reign of [[king Abdul-Majīd I]], the Prophet's miḥrāb, which was left over from the time of [[Qāytbāy]], was gilded. Also, during this time, ʿAbd Allāh Zāhidī, a Turkish calligrapher, engraved verses of the Quran, texts and poems on the miḥrāb.<ref>Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī, ''Al-madīna al-munawwara'', p. 96.</ref> In the Saudi period, the same miḥrāb of the Qāytbāy period remained.<ref>Ansārī, ''ʿImārah wa tawsiah al-masjid al-nabawīī'', p. 170.</ref>
==location==
The Prophet's miḥrāb was built in the place of [[Masjid al-Nabī]] where [[Prophet Muḥammad(a)]] prayed.<ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'', p. 128; Jaʿfariyān,  ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 260.</ref> This miḥrāb is located next to the [[Mukhallaqa pillar]]<ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'',p. 163.</ref> and in the distance between the pulpit of the Prophet(a) and his grave ([[Rawḍa al-Sharīfa]]).<ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'',p. 163.</ref> Researchers are of the opinion that this place is the place where the Prophet(a) prayed. <ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'', p. 128; Jaʿfariyān,  ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 260.</ref>
The miḥrāb is placed in such a way that the one who prostrates on it places his forehead on the Prophet's sitting place, not his prostration place. <ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'',p. 163.</ref> The Prophet's prostration place is placed under the miḥrāb.<ref>ʿAṭṭār, ''Al-Taʿrīf  bi tārīkh wa maʿālim al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf'', p. 164.</ref>
==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
file:محراب النبی.jpg|The altar of the Prophet is connected to the Mukhallaqa pillar.
file:نقشه مسجد النبی، محراب پیامبر.jpg|The location of the Prophet's miḥrāb in the map [[Masjid al-Nabī]].
file:محراب پیامبر۲.jpg|Decorations of the prophet's miḥrāb with marble and gilding and verses from the Quran are written on it.
</gallery>
==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Notes}}
{{Notes}}
==References==
==References==
{{References}}
{{References}}
* Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ‘’Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna’’. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1391 Sh
*Sayyid Ḍīyāʾ b. Muḥammad b. Maqbūl ʿAṭṭār.Al-Taʿrīf  bi tārīkh wa maʿālim al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf. Jeddah: Kunūz al-maʿrifa, 1432 AH
*Ansārī, Nājī  Muḥammad Ḥasan ʿabdu l-qādir al-. ʿImārah wa tawsiah al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf  ʿabar  tārīkh.  [n.p], Nādī l-madīna al-munawwara al-adabī, 1996.
*Ansārī, Nājī  Muḥammad Ḥasan ʿabdu l-qādir al-. ʿImārah wa tawsiah al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf  ʿabar  tārīkh.  [n.p], Nādī l-madīna al-munawwara al-adabī, 1996.
*Hazzaʿ al-Shahrī, Muḥammad .ʿImārah al-masjid al-nabawīī munzu inshāʾihī ḥattā nihāya al-ʿasr al-mamlūkī. Cairo: Cairo: Maktabat al-qāhira li-l kutub, 2001.
*Hazzaʿ al-Shahrī, Muḥammad .ʿImārah al-masjid al-nabawīī munzu inshāʾihī ḥattā nihāya al-ʿasr al-mamlūkī. Cairo: Cairo: Maktabat al-qāhira li-l kutub, 2001.
*Hazzaʿ al-Shahrī, Muḥammad .Al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf fī al-ʿasr al-ʿuthmānī. . Cairo: Dār al- qāhira, 2003.
*Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ‘’Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna’’. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1391 Sh
*Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī,  Muṣṭafā .Al-madīna al-munawwara taṭawwurihā al-ʿumrānī wa turāthiha al-miʿmārī. Beirut: Dār al-Nihḍa al-‘Arabīyya, 1981.
*Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī,  Muṣṭafā .Al-madīna al-munawwara taṭawwurihā al-ʿumrānī wa turāthiha al-miʿmārī. Beirut: Dār al-Nihḍa al-‘Arabīyya, 1981.
*Hazzaʿ al-Shahrī, Muḥammad .Al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf fī al-ʿasr al-ʿythmānī. . Cairo: Dār al- qāhira, 2003.
*Sayyid al-Wakīl, Muḥammad al- .Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh. [n.p], Dār al-mujtamaʿ li-lnashr wa al-tawziʿ, 1988.
*Sayyid al-Wakīl, Muḥammad al- .Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh. [n.p], Dār al-mujtamaʿ li-lnashr wa al-tawziʿ, 1988.
*Sayyid Ḍīyāʾ b. Muḥammad b. Maqbūl ʿAṭṭār.Al-Taʿrīf  bi tārīkh wa maʿālim al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf. Jeddah: Kunūz al-maʿrifa, 1432 AH.
{{end}}
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