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Muzdalifa (means: approaching) is the name of a place near Mecca where pilgrims must have wuquf after the night journey from Arafat. The reason for this name is that people enter this area at night. Another name of this place is "Jamʿ"(means: gathering). Because pilgrims gather there. This point is the same Mashʿar al-Haram mentioned in the Qur'an.
Muzdalifa, with an area of about 9.63 square kilometers, is located between Mina and 'Arafat, which is limited to Wadi al-Maʾzamayn and al-Hiyaz. Standing in Muzdalifa on the 10th night of Dhu l-Hijja is one of the obligations of Hajj.
Meaning
Muzdalifa is the active noun from "Izdilaf(ازدلاف)" which means to approach; The arabic phrase "Izdalaf Al-Qawm(ازدلف القوم)"; That is, when he made the people close. "Izdilaf(ازدلاف)" also means gathering, because people gather there.[1]
Among the other names of Muzdalifa are Jamʿ(means: gathering)[2], Quzah[3] and Mashʿar al-Haram[4]. It has been said that applying the name of Mashʿar to Muzdalifa is virtual, which means that Muzdalifa is actually a part of the land of Mashʿar and within its boundaries; But it is also called Mashʿar.[5]
Location
Muzdalifa is located between Mina and 'Arafat, and Wadi al-Mohassir(Arabc: وادی محَسِّر) is located between Mina and Muzdalifa.[6] The distance between Muzdalifa and 'Arafat is 6 km, and its distance from the southeast of Masjid al-Haram is 8 km. The area of this region is about 9.63 square kilometers.
This area is limited on one side to "Maʾzamayn(مأزَمَین)" valley and on the other side to "wadi al-Muhassir" and "Hiyyad". By passing through Wadi Maʾzamayn, Haji reaches Muzdalifa or the land of Mashʿar al-Haram.[7]
Rulings
Waqf (means:standing) in Muzdalifa is obligatory on the 10th night of Dhu-l Hijja and one of basic principles of Hajj according to all Islamic schools of thought; But there is a difference of opinion in the amount and the time of Wuquf(standing).[8]
Shia opinion
The Shia jurists are mostly of the opinion that the Hajji reached Masha'ar at any hour from the 10th of the night, until dawn with the intention of obeying God and staying there, then from dawn to sunrise with the pure intention of hypocrisy and showing off, he should make a wuquf and It is recommended to move towards Mina a little before sunrise, but don't cross Wadi Muhassir until the sun rises.[9]
Sunni opinion
Abu Hanifah mentions the time of wuquf from dawn to sunrise, and Malik believes that it is sufficient for a pilgrim to make a wuquf any time during the night of Eid al-Adha and before dawn. According to Shafi'i, standing at any moment after midnight of Eid al-Adha is sufficient.[10]
Notes
- ↑ Ṭurayḥī, Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn, vol. 5, p. 68.
- ↑ Ṭurayḥī, Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn, vol. 2, p. 186.
- ↑ Niʿmatī, Qāmūs al-ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn, p. 86.
- ↑ Niʿmatī, Qāmūs al-ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn, p. 204.
- ↑ Al-Jawāhirī, حدود عرفات، مزدلفة، منیThe boundaries of ʿArafat, Muzdalifa, Mina, p. 157-158.
- ↑ ʿAṭṭār, Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra, p. 204.
- ↑ Murwārīd, Yanābīʿ al-fighīyya, vol. 7, p. 198.
- ↑ Qāḍī ʿAskar, Ḥajj dar andīsha-yi islāmī, p. 288; Fallāḥzāda, Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i Ḥajj, p. 62; ʿAṭṭār, Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra, p. 252.
- ↑ Fallāḥzāda, Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i Ḥajj, p. 62.
- ↑ ʿAṭṭār, Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra, p. 252.
References
- Ṭurayḥī, Fakhr al-Dīn b. Muḥammad al-. Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn. Edited by Sayyid Aḥmad Ḥusaynī. Tehran: al-Maktaba al-Murtaḍawīyya, 1375 Sh.
Fallāḥzāda, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i Ḥajj. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1389 sh.