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[[file:درون کعبه۱.jpg|thumbnail|The pillars of the Ka'ba.]]
Masjid al-Bay'ah (Mecca)
'''The pillars of the Ka'ba''' refer to the pillars inside the [[Ka'ba]] that were first installed by the Quraysh in the year 35 of [[the Year of the Elephant]]/605 CE; During the reconstruction of the Ka'ba in the year 64 AH/683-4, [[Abdullah b. Zubair]] reduced their number to three, and their number and placement have remained the same to this day.
Masjid al-Bay'ah (Bay'ah Mosque) is an ancient mosque in the city of Mecca, dating back to the 2nd century AH. This mosque is located near Jamarat al-Aqaba and outside the legal boundary of Mina. It is the place where the people of Yathrib pledged allegiance to the Prophet (PBUH).


The color of the pillars is dark brown, and there is a rod between the pillars from which some of the [[Ka'ba's hangings]] are suspended.
According to an inscription on the western wall of Masjid al-Bay'ah, the mosque was built in 144 AH by the order of Mansur Abbasi and was later renovated several times.
==History==
The first pillars of the Ka'ba were erected by the [[Quraysh]] in the year 35 [[Aam al-Fil]] (the Year of the Elephant)/ 605 CE. They included six pillars in two rows of three, extending from north to south (the width of the Ka'ba).<ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā,  ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab '', vol. 2, p. 819; Ṣaffarī-Furūshānī, '' Makkah fī Bistar al-Tārīkh'', p. 106.</ref>
Before that, since the time of [[Abraham (a)|Prophet Ibrahim(a)]] , the [[Ka'ba]] was without a roof and did not need pillars.<ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā,  ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab '', vol. 1, p. 332. , Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 1, p. 66.</ref>
During the war between the armies of [[Yazid]] and [[Ibn al-Zubayr]], the Ka'ba was set on fire and destroyed. Abdullah b. al-Zubayr rebuilt the Ka'ba in the year 64 AH/683-4. He placed three wooden pillars, the number and positions of which have remained the same to this day.<ref>Batanūnī, ''Al-Riḥla al-Ḥijāziyya'', p. 106; Ṣabrī Pāshā,  ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 1, p. 264.</ref>
==The Place of the Prophet’s (s) Prayer==


In some historical narrations, it is mentioned that after [[the conquest of Mecca]], [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|the Prophet (s)]] entered the Ka'ba and prayed. The location of his prayer was such that two pillars were on his right, one pillar on his left, and three pillar behind him.<ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā, ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab '', vol. 2, p. 819.</ref>
Reason for Naming
Today, upon entering the Ka'ba, directly opposite [[the door of the ka'ba|the door ]], there is a mihrab that is identified as the place where the Prophet (s) prayed.<ref>Batanūnī, ''Al-Riḥla al-Ḥijāziyya'', p. 106.</ref> 
When the people of Yathrib (Medina) became acquainted with Islam, during the days of Hajj, at the Jamrat al-Aqabah, they pledged allegiance to the Messenger of God (PBUH) for the first time. After that, Islam spread in Medina. At the site of this event, which is known as the First Pledge of Aqabah, a mosque was built that became famous as "Masjid al-Bay'ah" (Mosque of the Pledge).(1) Jaʿfariyān, ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 169.
==Size and Features==
In sources, other mosques are also referred to by the name Masjid al-Bay'ah:
The three pillars built inside the Ka'ba during the reconstruction by Abdullah b. al-Zubayr (64 AH/683-4) have remained in the same number and positions. However, the pillars were replaced in later renovations of the Ka'ba's interior. Today, the pillars are intricately carved and decorated.<ref> Batanūnī, ''Al-Riḥla al-Ḥijāziyya'', p. 106; Ṣabrī Pāshā,  ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab '', vol. 1, p. 264.</ref>
Masjid al-Ghanam, a mosque in Mecca, which was the place where the people of Mecca pledged allegiance to the Prophet (PBUH).(2)  Azraqī,''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār'', vol. 2, p. 201 /271. , Qāʾidān, '' Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 106.
These three pillars are arranged in a single row from north to south (the width of the Ka'ba), with a distance of four steps between each one. The first pillar is three steps away from the Yemeni-Eastern wall, and the third pillar is opposite the Iraqi-Shami wall.<ref>Ibn Jubayr,''Riḥla Ibn Jubayr'', p. 54;  Ibn Baṭūṭa, ''Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa''. vol. 1, p. 372.</ref>
Masjid al-Jinn, a mosque in Mecca, which is the place where the jinn pledged allegiance to the Prophet (PBUH).(3)  Azraqī,''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār'', vol. 2, p. 201. ,  Ibn Ḍiyāʾ Ḥanafī , ''Tārīkh Makkah al-Mukarrama wa al-Masjid al-Ḥarām wa al-Madīna al-Sharīfa wa al-Qabr al-Sharīf'', p. 181.
The color of the pillars is dark brown. Each pillar has a diameter of 44 centimeters and a circumference of approximately 150 centimeters. These pillars are made of wood, square-shaped, and intricately carved.<ref> Kurdī, ''Makkah wa Madīna: Taṣwīrī min Taqaddum wa Nawsāzī'' ,p. 121.</ref>
Location
Additionally, there is a rod among the three pillars from which some of the [[Ka'ba’s gifts]] are hung. Above each pillar, there is a beam whose ends are embedded in the northern and southern walls of the Ka'ba.<ref>Kurdī, ''Makkah wa Madīna: Taṣwīrī min Taqaddum wa Nawsāzī'' ,p. 121.</ref>
Masjid al-Bay'ah is in Mecca, near the Jamrat al-Aqabah [outside the legal boundary of Mina from the Mecca side], on the southern slope of Mount Thubayr. This area is known as Sha'b al-Ansar and Sha'b al-Bay'ah.(4) )  Azraqī,''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār'', vol. 1, p. 303. , Ḥārithī , ''Al-Muʿjam al-Āthārī li-Manṭiqat Makkah al-Mukarrama'', p. 177. , Bakr, ''Ashhar al-Masājid fī al-Islām'', p. 168.
The three pillars extend only up to the lower ceiling and do not reach the upper ceiling. In the space between the lower and upper ceilings, narrower and additional wooden columns are placed to support the upper ceiling. Some of these pillars are supported indirectly by the three main pillars. At the base of each of the three pillars, which bear most of the roof's weight, there is a ring to reinforce and strengthen them.<ref>Kurdī, ''Makkah wa Madīna: Taṣwīrī min Taqaddum wa Nawsāzī'' ,p. 121.</ref>
... and it is on the left side of someone who is traveling from Mecca towards Mina. The distance from Masjid al-Bay'ah to Jamrat al-Aqabah is more than three hundred meters.(5) Ibn Ḍiyāʾ Ḥanafī , ''Tārīkh Makkah al-Mukarrama wa al-Masjid al-Ḥarām wa al-Madīna al-Sharīfa wa al-Qabr al-Sharīf'', p. 181. , ibn Fahd, '' Ithāf al-Warā bi-ʾAkhbār Umm al-Qurā'', vol. 2, p. 180.
==Gallery==
Nowadays, with the development of Mina, the area around Masjid al-Bay'ah, which was previously within the valley and enclosed by mountains, has been cleared. Currently, the mosque is located at the end of the exit path of the second level of the Jamarat towards Mecca, and an iron fence has been placed around the mosque.(6) , Bakr, ''Ashhar al-Masājid fī al-Islām'', p. 169-171. , Jaʿfariyān, ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 169.
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
The area of Masjid al-Bay'ah is 500 square meters. The mosque is rectangular in shape, with a length of 27.90 meters and a width of 17 meters. It is constructed of stone and brick and has no roof.(7) al-Barakātī, '' Dirāsah Tārīkhiyya li-Masājid al-Mashāʿir al-Muqaddasah: Masjid al-Khayf - Masjid al-Bayʿah bi-Minā'', p. 232.
درون کعبه۲.jpg|The three wooden pillars inside the Ka'ba..
ستون قدیمی کعبه.jpg|A part of one of the Ka'ba pillars dating back to the [[reconstruction by Ibn al-Zubayr]] in the year 65 AH/684-5.<ref>«[https://www.kuna.net.kw/ViewPics.aspx?id=1477678 جزء تالف من احد الاعمدة الخشبیة للکعبة المشرفة التی یرجع تاریخها لعام 65 هجری]»، وکالة الانباء الکویتیة (کونا).</ref>
ستون قدیمی کعبه۲.jpg|One of the old pillars inside the Ka'ba from the reconstruction by Ibn al-Zubayr, which was replaced in the 1990s.<ref>«[https://madainproject.com/exhibition_of_the_two_holy_mosques_architecture Exhibition of the Two Holy Mosques' Architecture]»،‌ Madain Project.</ref>
قندیل‌های درون کعبه.jpg|[[The rods]] connected to the pillars, from which lanterns are suspended.
درون کعبه۳.jpg|The location of the Ka'ba pillars in relation to other parts and fixtures of the [[Ka'ba]].
</gallery>


==Notes==
History of the Mosque's Construction
{{Notes}}
According to an inscription from the year 144 AH, which is still preserved and installed on the western wall of the mosque, the construction of this mosque was commissioned by Abu Ja'far al-Mansur Abbasid (reign: 136-158 AH).(8) Al-Ḥārithī ,'' Al-ʾĀthār al-Islāmiyya fī Makkah al-Mukarrama'', p. 217-218.
==References==
Additionally, an inscription from the year 629 AH is also installed on the southern wall of the mosque, which reports the restoration of the mosque during the time of al-Mustansir Abbasid (reign: 623-640 AH).(9)Kurdī, '' Al-Tārīkh al-Qawīm li-Makkah wa Bayt Allāh al- Karīm'', vol. 6, p. 28.
{{References}}
Other sources also mention Masjid al-Bay'ah throughout various centuries; for instance, Ibn Jubayr referred to it during his journey to Mecca in the year 578 AH.(10) ibn Jubayr, '' Al-Tadhkira bi-l-ʾAkhbār ʿan Ittifāqāt al-Asfār'', p. 123.
*Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Akhbār Makka''. Qom: Maktaba al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, [n.d].
Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 728 AH) also mentioned the existence of the mosque.(11) Ibn Taymiyya, '' Iqtiḍāʾ al-Ṣirāṭ al-Mustaqīm li-Mukhālafat Aṣḥāb al-Jaḥīm '', p. 426.
*Batanūnī, Muḥammad Labīb. ''Al-Riḥla al-Ḥijāziyya''. Cairo: Nāshir: Mūʾallif, 1329 AH.
Al-Fasi (d. 832 AH), the historian of Mecca, described the mosque. According to him, the mosque had two porticoes, each with three domes resting on four archways. Behind these porticoes, there was also an open area.(12) Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'',vol. 1, p. 348.
*Ibn Baṭūṭa, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa''. Edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī Tāzī. Rabat: Ākādimīyya al-Mamlikat al-Maghribīyya, 1417 AH.
The mosque was also destroyed at various times throughout history; for instance, a report from the 11th century mentions the destruction of the mosque.(13)*
*Ibn Jubayr, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ''Riḥla Ibn Jubayr''. Beirut: Dār al-Maktaba al-Hilāl, 1986.
However, during the Ottoman era, the mosque was rebuilt during the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876-1909 CE).(14) Gāzī,'' Ifādat al-anām'',vol. 2, p. 49.
*Kurdī, ʿUbayd-Allāh Muḥammad-Amīn. ''Makkah wa Madīna: Taṣwīrī min Taqaddum wa Nawsāzī''. Translated by Ḥusayn Ṣābirī. Tehran: Nashr Mashʿar, 1380 SH.
There is also a report of repairs to parts of the mosque during the reign of King Fahd of Saudi Arabia.(15) al-Barakātī, '' Dirāsah Tārīkhiyya li-Masājid al-Mashāʿir al-Muqaddasah: Masjid al-Khayf - Masjid al-Bayʿah bi-Minā'', p. 232.
*Ṣabrī Pāshā, Ayyūb. ''Muʾassuat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab''. Cairo: Dār al-Āfāq al-ʿArabiyya, 1424 AH / 2004 CE.
Gallery
*Ṣaffarī-Furūshānī, Niʿmat-Allāh. ''Makkah fī Bistar al-Tārīkh''. Qom: Markaz Jahānī-ʿUlūm-Islāmī, 1st edition, 1386 SH.
"the plan of the Bay'ah Mosque.
{{end}}
"the inscription of the Bay'ah Mosque.
"the inscription of the Bay'ah Mosque.
"the mihrab of the Bay'ah Mosque.
"references,"
.. Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 Sh.
. Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār''. Edited by Rushdī Ṣāliḥ Mulḥis. Beirut: 1403 AH.
. Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. '' Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna''. 4th edition. Qom: Nashr-i Mashʿar, 1381 Sh.
. Ibn Ḍiyāʾ Ḥanafī Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Tārīkh Makkah al-Mukarrama wa al-Masjid al-Ḥarām wa al-Madīna al-Sharīfa wa al-Qabr al-Sharīf**: (d. 854 AH), edited by ʿAlāʾ Ibrāhīm al-Azharī and others, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1418 AH.
 
. Ḥārithī Nāṣir ibn ʿAlī :Al-Muʿjam al-Āthārī li-Manṭiqat Makkah al-Mukarrama**:, Ṭāʾif, Fahrasat Maktabat al-Malik Fahd al-Waṭaniyya, 1423 AH.
. Bakr Sayyid ʿAbd al-Majīd,  Ashhar al-Masājid fī al-Islām, n.p., Dār al-Qibla, 1404 AH.
. ʿUmār ibn Fahd, '' Ithāf al-Warā bi-ʾAkhbār Umm al-Qurā'' **: (d. 885 AH), edited by Fahīm Muḥammad Shalṭūt, Makkah, Jāmiʿat Umm al-Qurā, 1403 AH.
. Nāṣir ʿAbd Allāh al-Barakātī;  Dirāsah Tārīkhiyya li-Masājid al-Mashāʿir al-Muqaddasah: Masjid al-Khayf - Masjid al-Bayʿah bi-Minā**: Muḥammad Nīsān Sulaymān Mannāʿ, Dār al-Madīnī liṭ-Ṭibāʿa wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzīʿ, 1st edition, 1408 AH / 1988 CE.
 
. Al-Ḥārithī , ''  Al-ʾĀthār al-Islāmiyya fī Makkah al-Mukarrama '' **: 1430 AH.
. Muḥammad Ṭāhir Kurdī, ''  Al-Tārīkh al-Qawīm li-Makkah wa Bayt Allāh al-Karīm'' **: Maktabat al-Nahḍa al-Ḥadītha, 1412 AH.
. Muḥammad ibn Jubayr,  Al-Tadhkira bi-l-ʾAkhbār ʿan Ittifāqāt al-Asfār**:, al-Muʾassasa al-ʿArabiyya li-l-Dirāsāt wa al-Nashr, 2008 CE.
. Ibn Taymiyya '' Iqtiḍāʾ al-Ṣirāṭ al-Mustaqīm li-Mukhālafat Aṣḥāb al-Jaḥīm ''. (d. 728 AH), n.p., Dār ʿĀlam al-Kutub, 1419 AH.
. Fāsī al-Makkī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām''. Translated by Muḥammad Muqaddas. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 sh.
• Gāzī, ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad '' al-. Ifādat al-anām''. Mecca: Maktabat al-Asadī, 1430 AH.
. Fākiḥī Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq, ʾAkhbār Makkah fī Qadīm al-Dahr wa Ḥadīthih**: (d. 275 AH), edited by ʿAbd al-Malik ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Dahīsh, Beirut, Dār Khudr, 1414 AH.
. Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Kāfī''. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1375 Sh.
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