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وَأَذِّن فِی ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلۡحَجِّ یَأۡتُوکَ رِجَالٗا وَعَلَیٰ کُلِّ ضَامِرٖ یَأۡتِینَ مِن کُلِّ فَجٍّ عَمِیقٖ لِّیَشۡهَدُواْ مَنَافِعَ لَهُمۡ ... "and proclaim among men the Pilgrimage, and they shall come unto thee on foot and upon every lean beast, they shall come from every deep ravine(27) that they may witness things profitable to them and mention God's Name on days well¡known over such beasts of the flocks as He has provided them So eat thereof, and feed the wretched poor(28)" | وَأَذِّن فِی ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلۡحَجِّ یَأۡتُوکَ رِجَالٗا وَعَلَیٰ کُلِّ ضَامِرٖ یَأۡتِینَ مِن کُلِّ فَجٍّ عَمِیقٖ لِّیَشۡهَدُواْ مَنَافِعَ لَهُمۡ ... "and proclaim among men the Pilgrimage, and they shall come unto thee on foot and upon every lean beast, they shall come from every deep ravine(27) that they may witness things profitable to them and mention God's Name on days well¡known over such beasts of the flocks as He has provided them So eat thereof, and feed the wretched poor(28)" | ||
In the hadiths of the Imams ( | In the hadiths of the Imams (AS), which have survived in Shiite texts, these "benefits" have been interpreted and considered to include worldly blessings and otherworldly benefits. In this article, some of the most important goals and results of Hajj are introduced based on Shia hadith and commentary texts. Repentance and forgiveness, self-improvement and piety, strengthening of faith, Tawalli and tabarri material benefits are among these goals and benefits. | ||
==Repentance and forgiveness== | ==Repentance and forgiveness== | ||
Based on a tradition, Imam Sadiq ( | Based on a tradition, Imam Sadiq (AS) considered the main reason for the construction of the [[Ka'ba]] to be the repentance of the children of Adam and their purity from sin.<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 188; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 13, p. 295.</ref> Imam Reza (a.s.) also said that the reason for the legalization of Hajj was Moving to God and repent of past sins and starting a new life.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ'', vol. 1, p. 273; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 13.</ref>Based on a narration, one of the instances of "benefits" in the verse: | ||
(وَ أَذِّن فی النَّاسِ بِالحْجّ… لِّّیشْهَدُواْ مَنَافِعَ لَهُمْ)<ref>Quran: 22:28</ref>{{enote|"And proclaim to the people the Hajj... that they may witness benefits for themselves."}} This is about seeking divine forgiveness and mercy.<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 264.</ref> | (وَ أَذِّن فی النَّاسِ بِالحْجّ… لِّّیشْهَدُواْ مَنَافِعَ لَهُمْ)<ref>Quran: 22:28</ref>{{enote|"And proclaim to the people the Hajj... that they may witness benefits for themselves."}} This is about seeking divine forgiveness and mercy.<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 264.</ref> | ||
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==Worldly Benefits== | ==Worldly Benefits== | ||
Based on hadiths, the term "منافع" (benefits) in the verse "وَ أَذِّن فی النَّاسِ بِالحْجّ… لِّّیشْهَدُواْ مَنَافِعَ لَهُمْ" encompasses not only spiritual but also material benefits,<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 422; Ṭūsī, ''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām'', vol. 5, p. 122.</ref> such as the financial gains of transportation providers<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ'', vol. 2, p. 406; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 14.</ref> and sellers of goods, pilgrims or others.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ'', vol. 1, p. 273; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 13.</ref> Among these material benefits is the distribution of sacrificial meat to Hajj pilgrims and the poor.<ref>Quran: 22: 28; 36.</ref> According to narrations, Hajj leads to the financial well-being of pilgrims,<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2, p. 265; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 12.</ref> meeting the needs of their families, | Based on hadiths, the term "منافع" (benefits) in the verse "وَ أَذِّن فی النَّاسِ بِالحْجّ… لِّّیشْهَدُواْ مَنَافِعَ لَهُمْ" encompasses not only spiritual but also material benefits,<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 422; Ṭūsī, ''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām'', vol. 5, p. 122.</ref> such as the financial gains of transportation providers<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ'', vol. 2, p. 406; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 14.</ref> and sellers of goods, pilgrims or others.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ'', vol. 1, p. 273; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 13.</ref> Among these material benefits is the distribution of sacrificial meat to Hajj pilgrims and the poor.<ref>Quran: 22: 28; 36.</ref> According to narrations, Hajj leads to the financial well-being of pilgrims,<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2, p. 265; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 12.</ref> meeting the needs of their families,<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 252; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 9.</ref> Eliminate poverty,<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2, p. 222; Ṭūsī, ''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām'', vol. 5, p. 21.</ref> bankruptcy<ref>Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 108; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 96, p. 12.</ref> and maintaining health.<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 252; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 252.</ref> | ||
==Reward in the Hereafter== | |||
In a hadith, Imam Sadiq (AS) regards one of the examples of "منافع" as rewards in the hereafter. Imam Ali (AS) attributes the location of the | In a hadith, Imam Sadiq (AS) regards one of the examples of "منافع" (benefits) in the verse "وَ أَذِّن فی النَّاسِ بِالحْجّ… لِّّیشْهَدُواْ مَنَافِعَ لَهُمْ" as rewards in the hereafter.<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 422; Ṭūsī, ''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām'', vol. 5, p. 122.</ref> Imam Ali (AS) attributes the location of the [[Ka'ba]] in a difficult and arid land to the opening of the gates of divine grace and generosity to the pilgrims.<ref>''Nahj al-balāgha'', kh, 192; Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 199.</ref> In other traditions, the magnitude of the hereafter reward for the Hajj pilgrim is emphasized, even for every step taken during the hajj journey.<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 253; Ṭūsī, ''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām'', vol. 5, p. 24.</ref> | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
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*Ālūsī, Maḥmūd b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Rūḥ al-maʿānī fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿaẓīm''. Edited by Muḥammad al-Ḥusayn al-ʿArab. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1417 AH. | *Ālūsī, Maḥmūd b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Rūḥ al-maʿānī fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿaẓīm''. Edited by Muḥammad al-Ḥusayn al-ʿArab. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1417 AH. | ||
*Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām''. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH. | *Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām''. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH. | ||
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