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Muzdalifa is the active noun from "Izdilaf(ازدلاف)" which means to approach; The arabic phrase "Izdalaf Al-Qawm(ازدلف القوم)"; That is, when he made the people close. "Izdilaf(ازدلاف)" also means gathering, because people gather there.<ref>Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 5, p. 68.</ref> | Muzdalifa is the active noun from "Izdilaf(ازدلاف)" which means to approach; The arabic phrase "Izdalaf Al-Qawm(ازدلف القوم)"; That is, when he made the people close. "Izdilaf(ازدلاف)" also means gathering, because people gather there.<ref>Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 5, p. 68.</ref> | ||
Among the other names of Muzdalifa are [[Jamʿ]](means: gathering)<ref>Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 2, p. 186.</ref>, [[Quzah]]<ref>Niʿmatī, Qāmūs al-ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn, p. 86.</ref> and [[Mashʿar al-Haram]]<ref>Niʿmatī, Qāmūs al-ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn, p. 204.</ref>. It has been said that applying the name of Mashʿar to Muzdalifa is virtual, which means that Muzdalifa is actually a part of the land of Mashʿar and within its boundaries; But it is also called Mashʿar.<ref>Al-Jawāhirī, [https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/127756/%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b2%d8%af%d9%84%d9%81%d9%87-%d9%85%d9%86%db%8c حدود عرفات، مزدلفة، منی]The boundaries of ʿArafat, Muzdalifa, Mina, p. 157-158.</ref> | Among the other names of Muzdalifa are [[Jamʿ]](means: gathering)<ref>Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 2, p. 186.</ref>, [[Quzah]]<ref>Niʿmatī, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn'', p. 86.</ref> and [[Mashʿar al-Haram]]<ref>Niʿmatī, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn'', p. 204.</ref>. It has been said that applying the name of Mashʿar to Muzdalifa is virtual, which means that Muzdalifa is actually a part of the land of Mashʿar and within its boundaries; But it is also called Mashʿar.<ref>Al-Jawāhirī, [https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/127756/%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b2%d8%af%d9%84%d9%81%d9%87-%d9%85%d9%86%db%8c حدود عرفات، مزدلفة، منی]The boundaries of ʿArafat, Muzdalifa, Mina, p. 157-158.</ref> | ||
==Location== | ==Location== | ||
Muzdalifa is located between [[Mina]] and [['Arafat]], and [[Wadi al-Mohassir]](Arabc: وادی محَسِّر) is located between Mina and Muzdalifa.<ref>ʿAṭṭār, Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra, p. 204.</ref> The distance between Muzdalifa and 'Arafat is 6 km, and its distance from the southeast of [[Masjid al-haram|Masjid al-Haram]] is 8 km. The area of this region is about 9.63 square kilometers. | Muzdalifa is located between [[Mina]] and [['Arafat]], and [[Wadi al-Mohassir]](Arabc: وادی محَسِّر) is located between Mina and Muzdalifa.<ref>ʿAṭṭār, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra'', p. 204.</ref> The distance between Muzdalifa and 'Arafat is 6 km, and its distance from the southeast of [[Masjid al-haram|Masjid al-Haram]] is 8 km. The area of this region is about 9.63 square kilometers. | ||
This area is limited on one side to "[[Maʾzamayn]](مأزَمَین)" valley and on the other side to "wadi al-Muhassir" and "Hiyyad". By passing through Wadi Maʾzamayn, Haji reaches Muzdalifa or the land of [[Mashʿar al-Haram]].<ref>Murwārīd, ''Yanābīʿ al-fighīyya'', vol. 7, p. 198.</ref> | |||
==Rulings== | |||
{{main|Wuquf at al-Mash'ar}} | |||
Waqf (means:standing) in Muzdalifa is obligatory on the [[10th night of Dhu-l Hijja]] and one of basic principles of [[Hajj]] according to all Islamic schools of thought; But there is a difference of opinion in the amount and the time of Wuquf(standing).<ref>Qāḍī ʿAskar, Ḥajj dar andīsha-yi islāmī, p. 288; Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i Ḥajj'', p. 62; ʿAṭṭār, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra'', p. 252.</ref> | |||
===Shia opinion=== | |||
The Shia jurists are mostly of the opinion that the Hajji reached Masha'ar at any hour from the 10th of the night, until dawn with the intention of obeying God and staying there, then from dawn to sunrise with the pure intention of hypocrisy and showing off, he should make a [[Wuquf at al-Mash'ar|wuquf]] and It is recommended to move towards [[Mina]] a little before sunrise, but don't cross [[Wadi Muhassir]] until the sun rises.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i Ḥajj'', p. 62.</ref> | |||
===Sunni opinion=== | |||
Abu Hanifah mentions the time of wuquf from dawn to sunrise, and Malik believes that it is sufficient for a pilgrim to make a wuquf any time during the night of [[Eid al-Adha]] and before dawn. According to Shafi'i, standing at any moment after midnight of Eid al-Adha is sufficient.<ref>ʿAṭṭār, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra'', p. 252.</ref> | |||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
{{Notes}} | {{Notes}} | ||
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{{References}} | {{References}} | ||
*Ṭurayḥī, Fakhr al-Dīn b. Muḥammad al-. ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn''. Edited by Sayyid Aḥmad Ḥusaynī. Tehran: al-Maktaba al-Murtaḍawīyya, 1375 Sh. | *Ṭurayḥī, Fakhr al-Dīn b. Muḥammad al-. ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn''. Edited by Sayyid Aḥmad Ḥusaynī. Tehran: al-Maktaba al-Murtaḍawīyya, 1375 Sh. | ||
Fallāḥzāda, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i Ḥajj''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1389 sh. | |||