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The Prophet's Mihrab: Difference between revisions

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{{Building
{{Building
  | title = Prophet's Mihrab
  | title = Mihrab of the Prophet (s)
  | image = محراب پیامبر.jpg
  | image = محراب پیامبر.jpg
  | image size =  
  | image size =  
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  | events =  
  | events =  
  | reconstructions = In the time of Umar b. Abdul Aziz and Mamalik of Egypt
  | reconstructions = In the time of Umar b. Abdul Aziz and Mamalik of Egypt
  | reconstructors = Qāytbāy
  | reconstructors = Qaytbay
  | missing parts =  
  | missing parts =  
  | historical features =  
  | historical features =  
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  | map description =  
  | map description =  
}}
}}
'''Prophet's Miḥrāb'''(Arabic:محراب النبي) is the place where the [[Prophet Muḥammad(a)]] prays, which is located in the [[Masjid al-Nabī]] between the [[Prophet's pulpit]] and his grave. During the period of the Prophet, there was nothing in the form of a miḥrāb, until during the development of the Masjid al-Nabī during the period of Walīd b. Abdul-Malik, a miḥrāb was built in the place of his prayer. Qāytbāy, the king of Egypt (9th/15th century) rebuilt the hollow-shaped miḥrāb by renewing the mosque. this miḥrāb was decorated during the era of Ottoman rule and is still located in Masjid al-Nabī.
'''Mihrab of the Prophet (s)''' (Arabic: {{ia|محراب النبي}}) is the place where [[Prophet Muhammad(a)]] used to pray, which is located in the [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]] between the [[Prophet's pulpit]] and his grave. During the time of the Prophet (s), there was nothing in the form of a mihrab, until later during the development of the al-Masjid al-Nabawi during the period of al-Walid b. 'Abd al-Malik, a mihrab was built in the place of his prayer. Qaitbay, the king of Egypt (9th/15th century) rebuilt the hollow-shaped mihrab by renewing the mosque. this mihrab was decorated during the era of Ottoman rule and is still located in al-Masjid al-Nabawi.


==History==
==History==
During the time of the [[Prophet Muḥammad(a)]], in the place of [[Masjid al-Nabī]] where he prayed, there was no miḥrāb in the form of a hollow-shaped inside the wall. <ref>Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī, ''Al-madīna al-munawwara'', P. 59.</ref> and the place of prayer of the Prophet, had no sign except that it was next to the [[Mukhallaqa pillar]].<ref>ʿAṭṭār, ''Al-Taʿrīf bi tārīkh wa maʿālim al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf'', p. 162.</ref> This was the first time in the development of Masjid al-Nabī. During the period of Walīd b. Abdul-Malik (r. 86-96 AH/705-714-5), a miḥrāb was built at the place of the Prophet's prayer.<ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'', p. 128; Jaʿfariyān,  ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 260.</ref>
During the time of [[Prophet Muhammad(a)]], in the place of [[al-Masjid al-Nabaw]] where he prayed, there was no mihrab in any form<ref>Ṣalihi Lumaʿi, ''Al-madina al-munawwara'', P. 59.</ref> and the place of prayer of the Prophet (s), had no sign except that it was next to the [[al-Mukhallaqa pillar]].<ref>ʿAṭṭar, ''Al-Taʿrif bi tarikh wa maʿalim al-masjid al-nabawii al-sharif'', p. 162.</ref> This was the first time in the development of al-Masjid al-Nabawi, during the period of al-Walid b. 'Abd al-Malik (r. 86/705 -96/714-5), that a mihrab was built at the place of the Prophet's prayer.<ref>Sayyid al-Wakil, ''Al-masjid al-nabawii ʿabar  tarikh'', p. 128; Jaʿfariyan,  ''athar-i islami-yi Makka wa Madina'', p. 260.</ref>


===During the Mamālīk period===
===During the Mamluk Period===
Although historical sources do not have any reports about the reconstruction of the miḥrāb during the period of [[Baybars Bunduqdārī]] (r. 658-676 AH/1259-60 -1277-8 AD), the fourth [[Mamālīk]] king, some researchers, by examining historical evidence, believe that the first hollow-shaped miḥrāb (carved into the wall) in the reconstructions of the Baybars period was made in the place that [[Prophet Muḥammad(a)]] prayed; Because the reports of the sources before this date did not mention the existence of a hollow-shaped miḥrāb in the place of Prophet's prayer.<ref>al-Shahrī, ''ʿImāra al-masjid al-nabawīī'', p. 227.</ref>
Although historical sources do not have any reports about the reconstruction of the mihrab during the period of [[Baybars al-Bunduqdari]] (r. 658/1259-60 - 676/1277-8), the fourth [[Mamaluk]] king, some researchers, by examining historical evidence, believe that the first hollow-shaped mihrab (carved into the wall) in the reconstructions of the Baybars period was made in the place that [[Prophet Muhammad(a)]] prayed; Because the reports of the sources before this date did not mention the existence of a hollow-shaped mihrab in the place of the Prophet's prayer.<ref>al-Shahri, ''ʿImara al-masjid al-nabawii'', p. 227.</ref>
In the reconstruction of [[Masjid al-Nabī]] during the period of Qāytbāy, the king of Egypt, in 888 AH/1483-4 AD after the fire in Masjid al-Nabī, the miḥrāb was rebuilt in the place of the Prophet's prayer, and in the same period, it was decorated with marble and verses from the Quran were engraved on it<ref>al-Shahrī, ''ʿImāra al-masjid al-nabawīī'', P. 342.</ref>
In the reconstruction of [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]] during the period of Qaitbay, the Mamluk sultan, in 888/1483-4 after the fire in al-Masjid al-Nabawi, the mihrab was rebuilt in the place of the Prophet's prayer, and in the same period, it was decorated with marble and verses from the Quran were engraved on it.<ref>al-Shahri, ''ʿImara al-masjid al-nabawii'', P. 342.</ref>


===In the Ottoman period===
===In the Ottoman Period===
In the reconstruction of [[Masjid al-Nabī]] during the reign of [[king Abdul-Majīd I]], the Prophet's miḥrāb, which was left over from the time of [[Qāytbāy]], was gilded. Also, during this time, ʿAbd Allāh Zāhidī, a Turkish calligrapher, engraved verses of the Quran, texts and poems on the miḥrāb.<ref>Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī, ''Al-madīna al-munawwara'', p. 96.</ref> In the Saudi period, the same miḥrāb of the Qāytbāy period remained.<ref>Ansārī, ''ʿImārah wa tawsiah al-masjid al-nabawīī'', p. 170.</ref>
In the reconstruction of [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]] during the reign of [[king Abdul-Majid I]], the mihrab of the Prophet, which was left over from the time of [[Qaitbay]], was gilded. Also, during this time, ʿAbd Allah al-Zuhdi, a Turkish calligrapher, engraved verses of the Quran, texts and poems on the mihrab.<ref>Ṣalihi Lumaʿi, ''Al-madina al-munawwara'', p. 96.</ref> In the Saudi period, the same mihrab of the Qaitbay period remained.<ref>Ansari, ''ʿImarah wa tawsiah al-masjid al-nabawii'', p. 170.</ref>


==location==
==Location==
The Prophet's miḥrāb was built in the place of [[Masjid al-Nabī]] where [[Prophet Muḥammad(a)]] prayed.<ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'', p. 128; Jaʿfariyān,  ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 260.</ref> This miḥrāb is located next to the [[Mukhallaqa pillar]]<ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'',p. 163.</ref> and in the distance between the pulpit of the Prophet(a) and his grave ([[Rawḍa al-Sharīfa]]).<ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'',p. 163.</ref> Researchers are of the opinion that this place is the place where the Prophet(a) prayed. <ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'', p. 128; Jaʿfariyān,  ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 260.</ref>
The Prophet's mihrab was built in the place of [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]] where [[Prophet Muhammad(s)]] prayed.<ref>Sayyid al-Wakil, ''Al-masjid al-nabawii ʿabar  tarikh'', p. 128; Jaʿfariyan,  ''athar-i islami-yi Makka wa Madina'', p. 260.</ref> This mihrab is located next to the [[al-Mukhallaqa pillar]]<ref>Sayyid al-Wakil, ''Al-masjid al-nabawii ʿabar  tarikh'',p. 163.</ref> and in the distance between the pulpit of the Prophet (a) and his grave ([[al-Rawḍa al-Sharifa]]).<ref>Sayyid al-Wakil, ''Al-masjid al-nabawii ʿabar  tarikh'',p. 163.</ref> Researchers are of the opinion that this place is the place where the Prophet(s) prayed. <ref>Sayyid al-Wakil, ''Al-masjid al-nabawii ʿabar  tarikh'', p. 128; Jaʿfariyan,  ''athar-i islami-yi Makka wa Madina'', p. 260.</ref>
The miḥrāb is placed in such a way that the one who prostrates on it places his forehead on the Prophet's sitting place, not his prostration place. <ref>Sayyid al-Wakīl, ''Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh'',p. 163.</ref> The Prophet's prostration place is placed under the miḥrāb.<ref>ʿAṭṭār, ''Al-Taʿrīf bi tārīkh wa maʿālim al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf'', p. 164.</ref>
 
The mihrab is placed in such a way that the one who prostrates in it places his forehead on the Prophet's sitting place, not his prostration place. <ref>Sayyid al-Wakil, ''Al-masjid al-nabawii ʿabar  tarikh'',p. 163.</ref> The Prophet's prostration place is placed under the mihrab.<ref>ʿAṭṭar, ''Al-Taʿrif bi tarikh wa maʿalim al-masjid al-nabawii al-sharif'', p. 164.</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
file:محراب النبی.jpg|The altar of the Prophet is connected to the Mukhallaqa pillar.
file:محراب النبی.jpg|The mihrab of the Prophet(s) is connected to the al-Mukhallaqa pillar.
file:نقشه مسجد النبی، محراب پیامبر.jpg|The location of the Prophet's miḥrāb in the map [[Masjid al-Nabī]].
file:نقشه مسجد النبی، محراب پیامبر.jpg|The location of the mihrab of the Prophet(s) on the map of [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]].
file:محراب پیامبر۲.jpg|Decorations of the prophet's miḥrāb with marble and gilding and verses from the Quran are written on it.
file:محراب پیامبر۲.jpg|Decorations of the mihrab of the Prophet(s) with marble and gilding and verses from the Quran are written on it.
</gallery>
</gallery>
==Notes==
==Notes==
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==References==
==References==
{{References}}
{{References}}
*Ansārī, Nājī Muḥammad Ḥasan ʿabdu l-qādir al-. ʿImārah wa tawsiah al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf ʿabar  tārīkh.  [n.p], Nādī l-madīna al-munawwara al-adabī, 1996.
*Ansari, Naji Muhammad hasan ʿabdu l-qadir al-. ʿImarah wa tawsiah al-masjid al-nabawii al-sharif ʿabar  tarikh.  [n.p], Nadi l-madina al-munawwara al-adabi, 1996.
*Hazzaʿ al-Shahrī, Muḥammad .ʿImārah al-masjid al-nabawīī munzu inshāʾihī ḥattā nihāya al-ʿasr al-mamlūkī. Cairo: Cairo: Maktabat al-qāhira li-l kutub, 2001.
*Hazzaʿ al-Shahri, Muhammad .ʿImarah al-masjid al-nabawii munzu inshaʾihi hatta nihaya al-ʿasr al-mamlūki. Cairo: Cairo: Maktabat al-qahira li-l kutub, 2001.
*Hazzaʿ al-Shahrī, Muḥammad .Al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf fī al-ʿasr al-ʿuthmānī. . Cairo: Dār al- qāhira, 2003.
*Hazzaʿ al-Shahri, Muhammad .Al-masjid al-nabawii al-sharif fi al-ʿasr al-ʿuthmani. . Cairo: Dar al- qahira, 2003.
*Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ‘’Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna’’. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1391 Sh
*Jaʿfariyan, Rasūl. ‘’athar-i islami-yi Makka wa Madina’’. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1391 Sh
*Ṣāliḥī LumaʿīMuṣṭafā .Al-madīna al-munawwara taṭawwurihā al-ʿumrānī wa turāthiha al-miʿmārī. Beirut: Dār al-Nihḍa al-‘Arabīyya, 1981.
*Ṣalihi LumaʿiMuṣṭafa .Al-madina al-munawwara taṭawwuriha al-ʿumrani wa turathiha al-miʿmari. Beirut: Dar al-Nihḍa al-‘Arabiyya, 1981.
*Sayyid al-Wakīl, Muḥammad al- .Al-masjid al-nabawīī ʿabar  tārīkh. [n.p], Dār al-mujtamaʿ li-lnashr wa al-tawziʿ, 1988.
*Sayyid al-Wakil, Muhammad al- .Al-masjid al-nabawii ʿabar  tarikh. [n.p], Dar al-mujtamaʿ li-lnashr wa al-tawziʿ, 1988.
*Sayyid Ḍīyāʾ b. Muḥammad b. Maqbūl ʿAṭṭār.Al-Taʿrīf bi tārīkh wa maʿālim al-masjid al-nabawīī al-sharīf. Jeddah: Kunūz al-maʿrifa, 1432 AH.
*Sayyid Ḍiyaʾ b. Muhammad b. Maqbūl ʿAṭṭar.Al-Taʿrif bi tarikh wa maʿalim al-masjid al-nabawii al-sharif. Jeddah: Kunūz al-maʿrifa, 1432 AH.
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[[fa:محراب پیامبر]]
[[fa:محراب پیامبر]]
[[ar:محراب النبي]]
[[ar:محراب النبي]]
[[category: Masjid al-nabi's Mihrabs]]
[[category: Masjid al-nabi's Mihrabs]]