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-'''Sulaymānī's Miḥrāb'''(Arabic: محراب سلیمانی)is one of Miḥrābs of [[Masjid Al-Nabī]]. This Miḥrāb is on the right side of the [[Miḥrāb of the Prophet(a)]] and on the left side of the [[pulpit of the Prophet(a)]]. This Miḥrāb was built in the mosque from the 9th century/15th century AD,  and was the place of prayer for the followers of Ḥanafī denomination. In 938/1531-2, by order of [[Sultan Sulaymān qānūnī]], this Miḥrāb was rebuilt and since then it has been known as Sulaymānī Miḥrāb.
+Suqiya Mosque is one of the mosques of Medina city, which is located in the southeast part of Medina train station, in Anbrieh neighborhood. This mosque is called Saqiya; Because it is located in the Saghia region and near the Saghia well. On the way to Badr, the Prophet saw his army in Saqqiya, prayed, prayed for the people of Medina and drank water from the well of Saqqiya.
+Location
+Saghia Mosque is located inside the fence of Anbrieh railway station and in its southeast. Chah Saqiya is located in the south of that mosque, and Tariq Makkah Street separates the two.[1. Anṣārī, ʿAbdu-l quddūs al-. Athār madīna al-munawwara p136]
+Currently, the Saqqiya Mosque is located inside the railway station. [2.Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ‘’Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna’p367’ ]
-==The place of the Miḥrāb==
+Reason for naming
-Sulaymānī Miḥrāb, which is also called Ḥanafī Miḥrāb, is one of the Miḥrābs of [[Masjid Al-Nabī]] in [[medina]]. This Miḥrāb is located within the scope of the mosque of the time of the [[Prophet(a)]], outside the [[Rawḍa]], at the southern area of the mosque (before the southern area of ʿUmar and ʿUthmān’s development), in front and on the right side of the [[Miḥrāb of the Prophet(a)]] and on the left side of the pulpit of the Prophet(a), in the place of the third column west of this pulpit and the seventh column of [[Bāb al-Salām]].<ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā, ''Mawsūʿa Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 4, p. 609;  Rāfiʿī sūdānī, ''Ittiḥāf  al-Muʾminīn'',  p. 82; Najafī, ''Madīna shināsī'', vol. 1, p. 168.</ref>
+This mosque is called Saqiya; Because it is located in the Saqiya region and near the Saqiya well.[3Abdu-l Ghanī, Muḥammad ʾIlyās. Al-Masājid al-Atharīyya fī al- madīna al-munawwarap.102. ]
+Dome of the heads
+From the 11th century onwards, this mosque was also known as the Dome of the Heads.[4. Anṣārī, ʿAbdu-l quddūs al-. Athār madīna al-munawwarap.136 .] According to Ali Hafez, it was called the Dome of the Heads because the Ottoman Turks used to cut off the heads of desert bandits and put them there.[5. Anṣārī, ʿAbdu-l quddūs al-. Athār madīna al-munawwara. P.136. Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. ‘’Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara p.146’’] According to Ayashi, the historian of Medina, the name of this mosque is bad, and this name is n. ot worthy of the mosque. [6. ʿAyyāshī, Ibrāhīm .Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir p192]
+Prophet (PBUH) in Suqiya
+On the way from Madinah to Badr (in the Battle of Badr), Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) stopped in Suqiya and prayed and prayed: Just as God blessed the people of Mecca after the prayer of Prophet Abraham (pbuh), may He also bless the people of Medina. [7. Tirmidhī, Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā al-. ‘’Al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥīḥ’’vol.5.p528] It is said that the Prophet saw his army in this place.[8. Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. ‘’Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara’vol 1.p72’]
+(pbuh) drank water from the Saqqiya well on his way to Badr.[9.Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad b. Manīʿ al-Ḥāshimī al-Baṣrī. ‘’Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā’’ vol.1p504]
-==constructing the Miḥrāb==
+History of Saqqiya Mosque
-This Miḥrāb was built in 861AH/ 1456-7AD during the era of [[Malik al-Ashraf Abū Nasr ʾīnāl]], one of the kings of [[Egypt]] (R:857-865 AH/1453-4; 1460-1AD) by the supervisor of the affairs of [[Masjid al-Ḥarām]], Ṭūghān Sheikh Aḥmadī Ḥanafī (881 AH/1476-7).<ref>Sakhāwī, ''Al-Tuḥfat al-laṭīfa'', vol. 1, p. 474; Rafʿat Pāshā, ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'',  vol. 1,  p. 469; ''Mʿālim dār al-hijra'',  p. 250,251.</ref> Until the age of Sheikh Ṭūghān, Muslims in [[Masjid Al-Nabī]] used to do daily prayer to an Imam who stood in the [[Prophet's Miḥrāb]] during the off-season of [[Hajj]] and in the [[ʿUthmān Miḥrāb]] during the Hajj season. Ṭūghān Sheikh built a new Miḥrāb in the mosque so that a separate congregational prayer can be held under the following of a Ḥanafī Imam. After this date, the beginning of prayer was held under the following of Imam Shafiʿī, who stood in the [[Prophet’s Miḥrāb]], and then Imam Ḥanafī prayed in the new Miḥrāb(which became known as the Ḥanafī Miḥrāb and later the Sulaymānī Miḥrāb). Imam Ḥanafī and Imam Shafiʿī performed the Tarāwīḥ prayer together in the nights of [[Ramaḍān]].<ref>Samhudī,''Wafāʾ al-wafā'', vol. 2, p. 210; Rafʿat Pāshā, ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 1, p. 469-470.</ref>This issue spread from [[Medina]] to [[Mecca]] as well.<ref>Samhudī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā'', Vol. 2, p. 210.</ref>
+Ibn al-Shaba considers this mosque as one of the mosques where the Prophet (pbuh) prayed. [10. Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. ‘’Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara’’vol.1.p72] According to Samhoudi’s report, Omar bin Abdulaziz built this mosque at the place of the Prophet (pbuh)’s prayer. According to the words of Samhoudi, quoted by Abu Abdullah Asadi, one of the historians of the first centuries, this mosque was famous as one of the historical mosques of Medina.[11.amhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafāvol3.p198 ]
+Samhoudi’s report about Saqiya Mosque
+At the time of Samkhodi, this mosque was destroyed. He went to the place of the mosque and seeing a big building stone, he ordered to dig there. After the exploration, the mihrab and the four corners of the Saqqah Mosque appeared. Based on the decorations and carvings of the stones that were discovered, Samhoudi believed that this building was built during the time of Umar Ibn Abdul Aziz. [12. amhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā vol3.p200.] According to Samhoudi’s report, the Saqqia Mosque in his time, on its original foundations, which is a square with an area of about seven cubits by seven It was a cubit, it was rebuilt.[13. amhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā vol3.p200] Ahmad Abbasi’s report in the 11th century also confirms the area of this mosque.[14 Abbāsī, Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd.ʿUmdat al-akhbārp.189. ]
+According to a report from 1073 A.H. (1662 A.D.), this mosque is located on the left side of the road leading to Madinah from the Aqeeq route, in the western Hara.[15. ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad. ‘’Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya’’vol.1.p395]
+Yasin Khayari’s theory
+Scholars of the first and middle centuries are of the same opinion that the Saghia Mosque is a historical mosque that is located inside the railway station today. Yasin Al-Khiari, a contemporary historian of Medina, said: the ruined building that was located next to the Saqiya well in his time and was destroyed for the development of the road, is the Saqiya Mosque. [16 Khiyārī, Sayyid Aḥmad Yāsīn.Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan.p.149] This dilapidated building is clearly visible in the picture he gave in his book. Muhammad Elias Abdul Ghani, with several reasons, has proved the famous theory and rejected the theory of Khayari.[17  Abdu-l Ghanī, Muḥammad ʾIlyās. Al-Masājid al-Atharīyya fī al- madīna al-munawwara. 102]
+Description of the mosque
+Shenqiati describes the Saqqiya Mosque as follows: “Inside the buildings of the railway station, from the south, the Saqqiya Mosque can be seen, which has triple domes. The middle dome is bigger”.[18 Shanqīṭī, Muḥammad al-ʾAmīn al-. Al-Durr al-thamīna fī maʿālim dār al-rasūl p237]
+The mosque building has vertical and horizontal sections and consists of three empty spaces or gaps covered by three domes. The middle dome is the biggest of all the domes. Its altar is in the Qiblah wall. In half of the north, east and west walls of its building, an arched and crescent-shaped valve with a circular arch is installed. The walls are plastered with white plaster.[19. Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī,  Muṣṭafā.Al-madīna al-munawwara taṭawwurihā al-ʿumrānī wa turāthiha al-miʿmārī. P.209.210]
+*Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ‘’Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna’’. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 Sh.
+*Anṣārī, ʿAbdu-l quddūs al-. Athār madīna al-munawwara. Medina: Maktabat al-Salafīyya, 1973.
+*Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. ‘’Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara’’. Edited by Fahīm Muḥammad Shaltūt. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1380 sh.
+*Khiyārī, Sayyid Aḥmad Yāsīn.Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan. Riyadh: al-Amāna alʿāmma li-liḥtifāl miʾat ʿām ʿalā tʾsīs al-mamlika al- ʿarabiyya al-suʿūdiyya, 1419 AH/1999.
+*Tirmidhī, Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā al-. ‘’Al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥīḥ’’. cairo: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1419 AH.
-==Becoming famous as Sulaymānī Miḥrāb==
+*Shanqīṭī, Muḥammad al-ʾAmīn al-. Al-Durr al-thamīna fī maʿālim dār al-rasūl(s). Beirut: Muʾassisa ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān, 1411 AH.
-The Ḥanafī Miḥrāb was rebuilt in 938AH/ 1531-2 AD by the order of [[Sultan Sulaymān qānūnī]], preserving the appearance of the [[Prophet’s Miḥrāb]], and was decorated with black and white marble, and from then on, it became known as the Sulaymānī Miḥrāb<ref>Rafʿat Pāshā, ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 1, p. 470;  Najafī, ''Madīna shināsī'', Vol. 1, p. 168,169</ref> Currently, congregational prayers are not held in this miḥrāb and the imam of [[Masjid Al-Nabī]] prays in the [[ʿUthmān Miḥrāb]].
+*ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad. ‘’Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya’’. Abu Dhabi: Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006.
+*Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad b. Manīʿ al-Ḥāshimī al-Baṣrī. ‘’Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā’’. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya,1410AH-1990.
-===Miḥrāb inscriptions===
+*ʿAyyāshī, Ibrāhīm .Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir. Medina: al-Maktab al-ʿilmīyya, 1972.
-Behind the building of the miḥrāb, there is an inscription in gold script on a shiny red oil background, which refers to the construction of the miḥrāb by the order of Sultan Sulaymān in the year 938AH/1531-2AD.<ref>Rafʿat Pāshā, ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 1, p. 470; Najafī, ''Madīna shināsī'', Vol. 1, p. 168,169.</ref>
+*Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī,  Muṣṭafā.Al-madīna al-munawwara taṭawwurihā al-ʿumrānī wa turāthiha al-miʿmārī. Beirut: Dār al-Nihḍa al-‘Arabīyya, 1981.
+*ʿAbdu-l Ghanī, Muḥammad ʾIlyās. Al-Masājid al-Atharīyya fī al- madīna al-munawwara. Medina: [n.p], 2000.
-Inside and around the altar is also decorated with inscriptions of verses of the [[Quran]]. These verses are: Verse 162 of Al-Baqara; 95 Al-Imran and verse 112 of Al-Tawba.<ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā, ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 4, p. 610; Rafʿat Pāshā, ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 1, p. 470; Najafī, ''Madīna shināsī'', vol. 1, p. 169.</ref>
+*ʿAbbāsī, Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd.ʿUmdat al-akhbār. Medina: al-Maktab al-ʿilmīyya, [n.d].
+*Ḥāfiẓ, ʿAlī.Fuṣūl min tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara. Jeddah: Shirka al-madīna al-munawwara, 1417 AH.
-==Notes==
+*Samhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā’’. Edited by Muḥammad Muḥyi al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: 1984.
-{{Notes}}
-==references==
-{{References}
-*Najafī, Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. Madīna shināsī. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1387 sh.
-*Rafʿat Pāshā, Ibrāhīm. ‘’Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn, aw, al-raḥlāt al-ḥijāziyya wa al-ḥaj wa mashāʿirihi al-dīniyya’’. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, [n.d].
-*Rāfiʿī sūdānī, Musṭafā b. Muḥammad . Ittiḥāf  al-Muʾminīn bi tārīkh masjid khātam al-nabyyīn. Medina: Maktabat al- Maktabat al-ʿIlmīyya, 1404 AH.
-*Ṣabrī Pāshā, Ayyūb. ‘’Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn’’. 1st edition. Cairo: Dār al-Āfāq al-ʿArabīyya, 1424 AH.
-*Sakhāwī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. ‘’Al-Tuḥfat al-laṭīfa fī tārīkh al-Madīna al-sharīfa’’. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1414 AH-1993.
-*Samhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā’’. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 2006.
-*Yūsuf ,ʿAbd al-razzāq. Mʿālim dār al-hijra. Medina:  Maktabat al-ʿIlmīyya, 1401 AH.
-{{end}}