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Due to the importance and fame of Mawlid al-Nabī, this building has been rebuilt many times by order of kings and nobles, but it was destroyed during the The [[House of Saʿūd]] government like many blessed places and buildings in Mecca (in 1343 AH/ 1303 sh). In the year 1370 AH/1329 sh. In order to keep the memory of this place alive, a library was built in it, which is still there, and it is called “Makkah Al-Mukarrma Library”. | Due to the importance and fame of Mawlid al-Nabī, this building has been rebuilt many times by order of kings and nobles, but it was destroyed during the The [[House of Saʿūd]] government like many blessed places and buildings in Mecca (in 1343 AH/ 1303 sh). In the year 1370 AH/1329 sh. In order to keep the memory of this place alive, a library was built in it, which is still there, and it is called “Makkah Al-Mukarrma Library”. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
The house where prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was born, which was located at the location of Shiʿb Abi Ṭālib in a neighborhood called Sawq | The house where prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was born, which was located at the location of [[Shiʿb Abi Ṭālib]] in a neighborhood called Sawq al-Layl, has been called ''Mawlid al-Nabī (pbuh)'' or the birthplace of the Prophet. In some historical sources, other places have been mentioned as the possible place of the Prophet’s birth, which is not approved by most historians of [[Mecca]].<ref>Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām'', vol. 1, p. 270.</ref> | ||
===until the third century=== | ===until the third century=== | ||
According to Azraqī in his book ''Akhbār Makka'', who lived in the third century, ''Mawlid al-Nabī (pbuh)'', or the house where the Prophet was born, fell into the hands of ʿAqīl, son of [[Abū Ṭālib]], after his emigration, and was passed on to ʿAqīl’s children until it was handed over to Muhammad b. Yūsuf. Thaqafī was sold and he added it to his house, which was known as the ''White House''. When Khayzrān, the mother of [[Harūn al-Rashīd]], performed Hajj in 171 A.H., she bought it and built a mosque in it where they pray. Azraqī states that the people of Mecca have not discord about the birthplace of the Prophet.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 198.</ref> The same report was also given by Fākihī (245 AH), another old historian of the history of Mecca.<ref>Fākihī, ''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥaīthih'', vol. 4, p. 5.</ref> | According to Azraqī in his book ''Akhbār Makka'', who lived in the third century, ''Mawlid al-Nabī (pbuh)'', or the house where the Prophet was born, fell into the hands of [[ʿAqīl]], son of [[Abū Ṭālib]], after his emigration, and was passed on to ʿAqīl’s children until it was handed over to Muhammad b. Yūsuf. Thaqafī was sold and he added it to his house, which was known as the ''White House''. When Khayzrān, the mother of [[Harūn al-Rashīd]], performed Hajj in 171 A.H., she bought it and built a mosque in it where they pray. Azraqī states that the people of [[Mecca]] have not discord about the birthplace of the Prophet.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 198.</ref> The same report was also given by Fākihī (245 AH), another old historian of the history of Mecca.<ref>Fākihī, ''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥaīthih'', vol. 4, p. 5.</ref> | ||
===Ibn Jubayr's report (seventh century)=== | ===Ibn Jubayr's report (seventh century)=== | ||
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Ibn Jubayr (614 AH) visited this mosque in 579 and described it in his travelogue.<ref>Ibn Jubayr, 'Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr'', p. 82, 125.</ref>He considered the building to be a magnificent mosque that “opens on Mondays in the month of Rabiʿ al-Awwal, which is the month of the Prophet’s (PBUH) birth and birthday and all the people will come there on that day to obtain grace and blessings, and other holy places will also be opened on the same day, and it is always the Day of Resurrection in Mecca.”<ref>Ibn Jubayr, 'Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr'', p. 154.</ref> | Ibn Jubayr (614 AH) visited this mosque in 579 and described it in his travelogue.<ref>Ibn Jubayr, 'Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr'', p. 82, 125.</ref>He considered the building to be a magnificent mosque that “opens on Mondays in the month of Rabiʿ al-Awwal, which is the month of the Prophet’s (PBUH) birth and birthday and all the people will come there on that day to obtain grace and blessings, and other holy places will also be opened on the same day, and it is always the Day of Resurrection in Mecca.”<ref>Ibn Jubayr, 'Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr'', p. 154.</ref> | ||
According to Ibn Jubayr, the Prophet’s birthplace in this mosque is built in the form of a pond with a width of three wajabs(0.675m), in the middle of which is a green marble with a width of two-thirds of a wajab(about 0.225m), which is said to be surrounded by silver. The [[Miḥrāb]] of the mosque is located in front of this place.<ref>Ibn Jubayr, 'Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr'', p. 126-127.</ref> | According to Ibn Jubayr, the Prophet’s birthplace in this mosque is built in the form of a pond with a width of three wajabs (0.675m), in the middle of which is a green marble with a width of two-thirds of a wajab (about 0.225m), which is said to be surrounded by silver. The [[Miḥrāb]] of the mosque is located in front of this place.<ref>Ibn Jubayr, 'Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr'', p. 126-127.</ref> | ||
===Fāsī's report (ninth century)=== | ===Fāsī's report (ninth century)=== | ||
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===The last descriptions of Mould al-Nabi building before its destruction=== | ===The last descriptions of Mould al-Nabi building before its destruction=== | ||
Mulla Ibrahīm Kazirūnī, who had the opportunity to visit this house in 1315 AH, writes: “On Friday, the 14th, we went to visit the Prophet (PBUH) birthplace at a place known as the Mawlid al-Nabī, and that place is located in | Mulla Ibrahīm Kazirūnī, who had the opportunity to visit this house in 1315 AH, writes: “On Friday, the 14th, we went to visit the Prophet (PBUH) birthplace at a place known as the Mawlid al-Nabī, and that place is located in Sawq al-layl We went inside and went down approximately fourteen steps. We entered a room named after the mosque. After that, we went to another room. There is a shrine in this room. The servant opened the door of the shrine. There is a pit inside this shrine. In the middle of it there is a green stone, which was the birthplace of Prophet.” <ref>''Safarnām-iy Mulla Ibrahīm Kazirūnī'', p. 366.</ref> | ||
MuḥammadLabīb Batanūnī who in 1909/1327 AH. He traveled to mecca in his travelogue and drew a plan from the plan of the Prophet’s building and described it as follows: “When you enter it, you first enter a 12-meter-long and 6-meter-wide playground, which is on the right wall. There is a door, after passing through it you will enter a space on which a dome is placed, in the middle of this space and under the dome leaning against the western wall, there is a wooden compartment inside which is a concave marble stone with a little It has sunk in. It can be seen. This place shows the birthplace of the prophet” <ref>Batanūnī , ''Safarnām-iy ḥijāz'', p. 146.</ref> | MuḥammadLabīb Batanūnī who in 1909/1327 AH. He traveled to mecca in his travelogue and drew a plan from the plan of the Prophet’s building and described it as follows: “When you enter it, you first enter a 12-meter-long and 6-meter-wide playground, which is on the right wall. There is a door, after passing through it you will enter a space on which a dome is placed, in the middle of this space and under the dome leaning against the western wall, there is a wooden compartment inside which is a concave marble stone with a little It has sunk in. It can be seen. This place shows the birthplace of the prophet” <ref>Batanūnī , ''Safarnām-iy ḥijāz'', p. 146.</ref> | ||
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==Prophet’s(PBUH) birthday celebration in Mawlid al-Nabī Mosque== | ==Prophet’s(PBUH) birthday celebration in Mawlid al-Nabī Mosque== | ||
In the 6th century, Ibn Jubayr reported the presence of the people of Mecca in the Prophet’s Mosque on Monday in the month of Rabi al-Awwal on the occasion of the celebration of the Prophet’s birthday.<ref>Jubayr, Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr, p. 154.</ref> There are reports of the celebration of the birth of the Prophet in this place in the later centuries. | In the 6th century, Ibn Jubayr reported the presence of the people of Mecca in the Prophet’s birthday Mosque on Monday in the month of Rabi al-Awwal on the occasion of the celebration of the Prophet’s birthday.<ref>Jubayr, Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr, p. 154.</ref> There are reports of the celebration of the birth of the Prophet in this place in the later centuries. | ||
Muḥammad b. Aḥmad Nahrawālī (d. 990AH) gave a detailed report about the ritual of the Prophet’s birthday in the 10th century. According to him, every year on the twelfth night of Rabiʿ al-Awwal, after Maghrib prayer, the jurists, nobles, grandees and people, while carrying many candles and torches, gather before the supervisor of [[Masjid al-Ḥarām]] and the judges of the Sunni’s four denominations, and from Masjid al-Ḥarām to Sawq | Muḥammad b. Aḥmad Nahrawālī (d. 990AH) gave a detailed report about the ritual of the Prophet’s birthday in the 10th century. According to him, every year on the twelfth night of [[Rabiʿ al-Awwal]], after Maghrib prayer, the jurists, nobles, grandees and people, while carrying many candles and torches, gather before the supervisor of [[Masjid al-Ḥarām]] and the judges of the Sunni’s four denominations, and from Masjid al-Ḥarām to Sawq al-layl and Mawlid al-Nabī place and enter it and gather near the birthplace of the Prophet (PBUH). A sermon is read there, and after that, people come to Masjid al-Ḥarām, and some officials of [[Masjid al-Ḥarām]] are given robes, and the [[ʿIshā prayer]] is held, and the ceremony ends.<ref>Nahrawālī, ''Al-Aʿlām bi aʿlām bayt Allāh al-harām'', p. 422.</ref>More than a century later, a travel writer who went on [[Hajj]] in 1105-1106 AH narrated the same report of Nahrawālī and described this event as a big gathering in which many primitives and residents of other cities (except Mecca) participated.<ref>Al-nāblusī ‘’Al-Ḥaqīqa wa al-Majāzl. 3, pp. 354-355.</ref> | ||
More than a century later, a travel writer who went on Hajj in 1105-1106 AH narrated the same report of Nahrawālī and described this event as a big gathering in which many primitives and residents of other cities (except Mecca) participated.<ref>Al-nāblusī ‘’Al-Ḥaqīqa wa al-Majāzl. 3, pp. 354-355.</ref> | |||
==Destruction of the building and construction of the library== | ==Destruction of the building and construction of the library== | ||