Hajj of the Prophets: Difference between revisions

'''Hajj of the Prophets''' is the report of the Islamic narratives of performing [[hajj]] of the  Prophets from [[Adam]] to [[Muhammad (pbuh)]]. According to some hadiths, all the prophets have performed Hajj and some of them have been specially clarified to perform Hajj. According to Islamic traditions, prophet Adam first built the [[Ka'ba]] and performed Hajj with the help of [[Gabriel]], and the other prophets performed Hajj after him. The Kaaba was destroyed by the flood of Noah, but the prophets after [[Noah]] used to perform Hajj without knowing the exact location of the Kaaba until Prophet [[Abraham]] rebuilt the Kaaba. [[Moses]], [[Jesus]], [[solomon]], [[David]], [[Khidr]], [[Jonah]] and [[Elijah]] are among the prophets whose presence in [[Mecca]] for Hajj is mentioned in Islamic narratives.

According to Islamic narrations, after the fall of Adam to the earth, he was commissioned by God to build the Ka'ba and hold the Hajj ceremony.<ref>Al-Arzaqī, ''Akhbār-i Makkih'', vol. 1, p. 34-36; Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2, p. 235; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī,''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 13, p. 332.</ref> It has been narrated about the hajj of Adam that After Adam's exit from the heaven,  he descended on the [[Ṣafā |Safa mountain]], then [[Gabriel]] taught him the rites of Hajj, and Adam performed all Hajj rituals, including [[Tawaf|Tawāf]], [[Ramy al-Jamarat|Ramy al-Jamarāt]], [[Make a sacrifice]], [[Taqsir or Halq|Al-Ḥalq]], [[Sa'y|Saʿy]] and [[Tawaf al-Nisa'|Tawāf Al-Nisā']].<ref>Kulayni, Al-Kafi, vol. 4 p. 190-191; Ṣadūq,ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ, vol. 2, p. 400.</ref> Some narrations have reported about 700 Hajj and 300 Umrah of Adam on  his foot. <ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2, p. 229.</ref> After Adam , his son the propht  Seth rebuilt the Kaaba and performed Hajj [[Al-ʿUmra al-Mufrada]]. <ref>Ṭabarī,''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 1, p. 162; ʿAynī,''ʿUmdat al-qarī'', vol. 15, p. 217; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 11, p. 261.</ref> The [[Hajj|Hajj ceremony]] continued after Adam among his children<ref>Ṭabarī,''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 1, p. 162; ʿAynī,''ʿUmdat al-qarī'', vol. 15, p. 217; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 11, p. 261.</ref> and the prophets After him, paid special attention to performing Hajj.<ref>Al-Arzaqī, ''Akhbār-i Makkih'', vol. 1, p. 51,68-69, 72-74; Qurṭubī, Tafsīr al-Qurtubī, vol. 2, p. 130; Ṣāliḥī Shāmī, Subul al-hudā, vol. 1, p. 210.</ref>

According to some reports, the Kaaba disappeared in the storm of Noah. Prophets used to perform Hajj without knowing the exact location of the Ka'ba<ref>Al-Arzaqī, ''Akhbār-i Makkih'', vol. 1, p. 38; Ṭūsī, Al-Tibyān, vol. 1, p. 436; Haythamī, 'Majmaʿ al-zawāʾid, vol. 3, p. 288.</ref> until Prophet Abraham was commissioned to rebuild the Kaaba and revive the ritual of Hajj.<ref>Qurʾān,22:26; Qurʾān,2:127-128.</ref> After the reconstruction of the Ka'ba, he asked God to represent the Hajj rituals to him{{enote|وَأَرِنَا مَنَاسِكَنَا and show us our holy rites.}} <ref>Qurʾān,2:128.</ref> Gabriel came to him and taught him the rituals of Hajj one by one<ref>Kulayni, Al-Kafi, vol. 4 p. 205; Bayhaqī, ''Sunan al-kubrā'', vol. 5, p. 145.</ref> and after the command to call people to perform Hajj,<ref>Qurʾān,22:27.</ref> Abraham  stood up on a high place{{enote| On Mount Abū Qubays, or the stone that later became known as [[Maqām Ibrāhīm]].}} and loudly called the people to performing  Hajj<ref>Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, vol. 7, p. 128-129; Ibn Abī l-Ḥātam, ''Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿaẓīm'', vol. 8, p. 2487.</ref> and he and his son Ishmael and a group of Jarhamites performed Hajj.<ref>Al-Arzaqī, ''Akhbār-i Makkih'', vol. 1, p. 66-72; Ṭabarī,''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 1, p. 260-262; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī,''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 11, p. 8.</ref> After that, Hajj as a sacred tradition with special actions continued by the other Prophets and their followers<ref>Al-Arzaqī, ''Akhbār-i Makkih'', vol. 1, p. 68; Dar rāh-i Barpāei-h hajj-i Ibrāhīmī, p. 200.</ref>