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Secrets of Sacrifice

From WikiHaj

Secrets of Sacrifice refers to the hidden truths and wisdom behind the slaughter of livestock by pilgrims in the land of Mina. Sacrifice is one of the obligatory rituals of Hajj and among the divine symbols performed with the aim of drawing closer to God. In Shi'a sources, sacrifice is considered not only an act of worship for proximity, forgiveness, and following the Abrahamic tradition, but also a symbol of struggling against the self, showing gratitude for divine blessings, and a means of feeding and supporting the needy.

Sacrifice

Main article: Sacrifice

"Sacrifice" is one of the obligatory rituals of Hajj, meaning the slaughter of a sheep or cow, or the ritual slaughter (naḥr) of a camel, to draw closer to God.[1][2] Shi'a jurists consider its location to be Mina and its time to be the day of Eid al-Adha,[3][4] but Ahl al-Sunnah jurists permit it from the tenth to the twelfth of Dhu l-Hijja.[5] The animal must be healthy and fat,[6][7] and according to most jurists, it is recommended that its meat be divided among the pilgrim himself, the needy, and others.[8][9]

Philosophy of Sacrifice

According to a hadith from Imam 'Ali (a), if people knew the benefits of sacrifice, they would perform it even by taking a loan.[10] According to the Quran, God has introduced sacrifice as one of the divine symbols and signs,[11] and considered it a means for the establishment[12] and uprightness of people.[13]

Shi'a sources have explained several esoteric wisdoms for sacrifice; among them are the forgiveness of sins and drawing closer to God. It is narrated in traditions that by sacrificing, the pilgrim is saved from the fire of hell, and the first drop of its blood causes the forgiveness of sins.[14][15] The Quran also considers sacrifice a sign of piety and a means of glorifying divine symbols and drawing closer to God.[16][17][18] Also, sacrifice on the day of Eid is considered following the tradition of Prophet Abraham (a) and submission to God's command.[19][20][21][22]

Some authors, based on narrations, have considered the reality of sacrifice to be the killing of the animalistic self and carnal desires;[23][24] as Imam al-Sadiq (a) calls upon the pilgrim to cut the throat of greed and lust when sacrificing.[25] In fiqh, if a pilgrim is unable to sacrifice, he fasts for three days during Hajj and seven days after returning instead, which is considered a sign of weakening the animalistic aspect of man.[26][27]

Also, by referring to Quranic verses,[28][29] sacrificing is considered a form of gratitude for the blessing of livestock being subdued for humans.[30][31]

Finally, one of the wisdoms of sacrifice is for the needy to benefit from its meat and for their sustenance to be expanded. In the conduct of the Infallibles (a), feeding the poor with sacrificial meat has been emphasized, and in the conduct of Imam al-Sajjad (a) and Imam al-Baqir (a), a portion of the sacrifice was given to neighbors and the destitute.[32][33][34]

Related Articles

Footnotes

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  1. ↑ Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām, vol. 1, p. 260; Muntahā al-Maṭlab, vol. 11, p. 183; Jawāhir al-Kalām, vol. 19, p. 136; al-Badāʾiʿ, vol. 5, p. 69; al-Majmūʿ, vol. 8, p. 398; al-Mughnī, vol. 11, pp. 96, 118; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, vol. 2, p. 955; Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa, vol. 10, chapter 10 of the chapters on slaughter, hadith 1, 2, and 5.
  2. ↑ Maqāyīs al-Lugha, vol. 5, p. 80.
  3. ↑ Tadhkirat al-Fuqahāʾ, vol. 8, p. 252; Riyāḍ al-Masāʾil, vol. 6, p. 400; Jawāhir al-Kalām, vol. 19, p. 120; Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa, vol. 10, chapter 28 of the chapters on slaughter, hadith 2; chapter 4 of the chapters on slaughter, hadith 1, 5, 6, and 7.
  4. ↑ Madārik al-Aḥkām, vol. 8, p. 27; Mustanad al-Shīʿa, vol. 12, p. 299; Jawāhir al-Kalām, vol. 19, p. 223.
  5. ↑ Al-Mawsūʿa al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaytiyya, vol. 42, p. 249.
  6. ↑ Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām, vol. 1, p. 260; Jawāhir al-Kalām, vol. 19, p. 139; Sunan al-Tirmidhī, vol. 4, p. 87.
  7. ↑ Mustanad al-Shīʿa, vol. 12, p. 307; Jawāhir al-Kalām, vol. 19, pp. 136-138; al-Ḥadāʾiq al-Nāḍira, vol. 17, pp. 88-91.
  8. ↑ Al-Nihāya, p. 261; Riyāḍ al-Masāʾil, vol. 6, p. 428; Jawāhir al-Kalām, vol. 19, p. 157; ʿIlal al-Sharāʾiʿ, vol. 2, p. 438.
  9. ↑ Sura Al-Hajj, verse 36.
  10. ↑ ʿIlal al-Sharāʾiʿ, vol. 2, p. 440.
  11. ↑ Sura Al-Ma'ida, verse 2; Sura Al-Hajj, verse 36.
  12. ↑ Miṣbāḥ al-Munīr, root q-w-m.
  13. ↑ Tafsīr Kabīr, vol. 12, p. 100; Tafsīr al-Mīzān, vol. 6, p. 142; Tafsīr-e Nemūne, vol. 5, p. 90.
  14. ↑ Al-Maḥāsin, vol. 1, p. 67.
  15. ↑ Biḥār al-Anwār, vol. 96, pp. 296-298.
  16. ↑ Sura Al-Hajj, verse 37.
  17. ↑ Sura Al-Ma'ida, verse 27.
  18. ↑ Sura Al-Hajj, verse 36.
  19. ↑ Sura Al-Saffat, verse 107.
  20. ↑ Sura Al-Ma'ida, verse 2.
  21. ↑ Sura Al-Hajj, verse 34.
  22. ↑ Darsnāme-ye Pīshrāmadī bar Farhangnāme-ye Asrār va Maʿārif-e Ḥajj, p. 228.
  23. ↑ Asrār va Maʿārif-e Ḥajj: bā Ilhām az Sakhānān-e Ḥakīm Mutaʾallih Āyatullāh Sayyid Abu l-Ḥasan Rafīʿī Qazvīnī, pp. 40 and 41.
  24. ↑ Miʿrāj al-Saʿāda, p. 71; Darsnāme-ye Pīshrāmadī bar Farhangnāme-ye Asrār va Maʿārif-e Ḥajj, p. 229.
  25. ↑ Miṣbāḥ al-Sharīʿa, p. 92.
  26. ↑ Al-Ḥadāʾiq al-Nāḍira, vol. 17, p. 117; Jawāhir al-Kalām, vol. 19, p. 126; al-Fiqh ʿalā al-Madhāhib al-Khamsa, vol. 1, p. 400; Mustanad al-Shīʿa, vol. 12, p. 343.
  27. ↑ Asrār va Maʿārif-e Ḥajj: bā Ilhām az Sakhānān-e Ḥakīm Mutaʾallih Āyatullāh Sayyid Abu l-Ḥasan Rafīʿī Qazvīnī, pp. 40 and 41.
  28. ↑ Sura Al-Hajj, verse 36.
  29. ↑ Sura Luqman, verse 28.
  30. ↑ Az Mīqāt tā ʿArafāt, pp. 130 and 131; Darsnāme-ye Pīshrāmadī bar Farhangnāme-ye Asrār va Maʿārif-e Ḥajj, p. 234.
  31. ↑ Jurʿaʾī az Ṣahbā-ye Ḥajj, p. 228.
  32. ↑ ʿIlal al-Sharāʾiʿ, p. 437.
  33. ↑ Sura Al-Hajj, verse 36.
  34. ↑ Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa, chapter 4, vol. 16, p. 374, hadith 12.
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