Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz: Difference between revisions

Umar b. Abd al-Aziz, who had been designated as Sulayman b. Abd al-Malik's successor,<ref>Tarikh Tahlili Islam, p. 230.</ref> became caliph in 99 AH.<ref>Tarikh Khulafa az Rehlat Payambar ta Zawal Umayyan, p. 653.</ref> He is favorably regarded in historical sources<ref>Tarikh al-Khulafa, p. 270 and p. 274.</ref> and has been described as and described as a righteous, anti-oppression, and just individual who sought to revive the methods of the [[Rashidun Caliphs]] in his caliphate.<ref>Sirat wa Manaqib Umar b. Abd al-Aziz, p. 87; Bamdad Islam, p. 149.</ref><ref>"Islahat Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz wa Ta'thir an bar Vaz'iyat Shi'ian", p. 237.</ref><ref>Tarikh Khulafa az Rehlat Payambar ta Zawal Umayyan, p. 654, p. 658.</ref> After two years and five months of caliphate, he died in 101 AH and was buried in the city of Homs, [[Syria]].<ref>Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk, vol. 6, p. 565 and p. 566.</ref>

'''Treatment of Shi'ites'''

Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz treated the Shi'ites well during his caliphate.<ref>Tarikh Khulafa az Rehlat Payambar ta Zawal Umayyan, p. 656; Bamdad Islam, p. 149.</ref> He abolished the cursing of [[Ali ibn Abi Talib|Imam Ali (A.S.)]] in sermons, which [[Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan|Muawiyah]] had promoted.<ref>Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma'adin al-Jawhar, vol. 3, p. 184; Tarikh Ya'qubi, vol. 2, p. 305.</ref> Umar also returned the [[Fadak]] estate, which belonged to the children of Fatima (S.A.), to them.<ref>Tarikh Ya'qubi, vol. 2, p. 305; Futuh al-Buldan, p. 41.</ref> In a narration, [[Muhammad al-Baqir|Imam Baqir (A.S.)]] described him as the noble one of [[Banu Umayyah]].<ref>Tadhkirat al-Huffaz, vol. 1, p. 119.</ref>