Hajj al-Tamattu': Difference between revisions
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For the hajj al-tamattu' to be valid, there are certain conditions be fulfilled. They are as follows: | For the hajj al-tamattu' to be valid, there are certain conditions be fulfilled. They are as follows: | ||
* [[Intention]], i.e. from the time of wearing ihram for 'umra al-tamattu', he should intend to perform hajj al-tamattu'; otherwise, his hajj is not in order; | |||
* Both 'umra and hajj need to be performed in the months of hajj; | |||
* Both 'umra and hajj need to be performed in the same year; | |||
* 'Umra and hajj should be performed for one person and by one person. This implies that a person who is performing hajj on the behalf of a dead person needs to perform both 'umra and hajj himself. Hiring two individuals to carry out the 'umra and hajj separately is not permitted. | |||
A person, whose duty is to perform hajj al-tamattu', cannot change it on purpose and by choice to perform hajj al-ifrad or al-qiran. | A person, whose duty is to perform hajj al-tamattu', cannot change it on purpose and by choice to perform hajj al-ifrad or al-qiran. |
Latest revision as of 11:52, 26 February 2020
Ḥajj al-tamattuʿ is obligatory for a person whose homeland is located at a distance more than 90 km from the holy city of Mecca (see: Afaqi). Hajj al-tamattu' differs from hajj al-ifrad and hajj al-qiran with regard to rituals.
The basic feature that distinguishes hajj al-tamattu' from hajj al-ifrad and hajj al-qiran is 'umra. Hajj al-tamattu' comprises two parts: 'umra and hajj. It starts with 'umra. A gap exists between 'umra and hajj during which the pilgrim comes out of ihram state and is allowed to al-tamattu' (literally enjoy) things which are prohibited for a muhrim (a person who is in state of ihram). Both 'umra al-tamattu' and hajj al-tamattu' should be performed in the same year.
Hajj al-ifrad and al-qiran comprise only hajj rituals, and 'umra in these cases is considered an independent worship termed as al-'umra al-mufrada. So, a person may perform al-'umra al-mufrada in one year and hajj al-ifrad/al-qiran in another year.
Hajj al-tamattu' includes two acts: 'umra al-tamattu' and hajj al-tamattu', the two acts are essentially just one act but because there is permission to go out of ihram in between, they are considered two. 'Umra al-tamattu' is prior to hajj al-tamattu' and both these acts have specific deeds which are discussed below.
The deeds of 'umra al-tamattu':
- Wearing ihram (hajj dress) from a miqat;
- Tawaf around the Holy Ka'ba;
- Prayer of tawaf;
- Sa'y (to walk) between the mountains of Safa and Marwa;
- Taqsir (cutting a small quantity of hair or nail)
The deeds of hajj al-tamattu' are mentioned below:
- Ihram (wearing dress of hajj) in the holy city of Mecca;
- Wuquf at 'Arafat from the noon of the ninth of Dhu l-Hijja to sunset;
- Wuquf at al-Mash'ar al-Haram on the night before the tenth of Dhu l-Hijja to sunrise;
- Stoning at al-Jamara al-'Aqaba on the day of Eid al-Adha (the tenth of Dhu l-Hijja);
- Slaughtering;
- Halq or taqsir (cutting a small quantity of hair or nail);
- Tawaf around the Holy Ka'ba;
- Prayer of tawaf ;
- Sa'y (to walk) between the mountains of Safa and Marwa;
- Tawaf al-nisa' (women);
- Prayer of tawaf of nisa';
- Baytuta in Mina in the eve of Dhu l-Hijja eleventh;
- Stoning three jamaras on the eleventh of Dhu l-Hijja;
- Baytuta in Mina before the twelfth in Mina;
- Stoning three jamaras on the twelfth of Dhu l-Hijja.
Rulings
For the hajj al-tamattu' to be valid, there are certain conditions be fulfilled. They are as follows:
- Intention, i.e. from the time of wearing ihram for 'umra al-tamattu', he should intend to perform hajj al-tamattu'; otherwise, his hajj is not in order;
- Both 'umra and hajj need to be performed in the months of hajj;
- Both 'umra and hajj need to be performed in the same year;
- 'Umra and hajj should be performed for one person and by one person. This implies that a person who is performing hajj on the behalf of a dead person needs to perform both 'umra and hajj himself. Hiring two individuals to carry out the 'umra and hajj separately is not permitted.
A person, whose duty is to perform hajj al-tamattu', cannot change it on purpose and by choice to perform hajj al-ifrad or al-qiran.
A person, whose duty is to perform hajj al-tamattu' but knows that the time is too short to complete 'umra and join hajj, should change his intention from hajj al-tamattu' to hajj al-ifrad and after completing the rites of hajj, he should perform al-'umra al-mufrada.
References
- The Rites of Hajj, In Accord with Fatwas of Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei, Hajj and Ziarah Research Center