Al-Thanaya Mosque: Difference between revisions

'''Al-Thanaya Mosque''' or '''al-Thanaya Dome''' (Arabic: {{ia|مسجد الثنايا}} or {{ia|قبة الثنايا}}) was one of the old mosques in [[Medina]], which was built at the place where the Prophet's teeth were broken in the [[Battle of Uhud]]. This mosque was located in the north direction of the tomb of the martyrs of Uhud, near the mountain of Uhud, but today there is no trace of it.

==Story==

There is no mention of this mosque in the old history and geography texts of [[Medina]]. But newer sources have indicated the existence of a mosque on Mount Uhud, which was built at the place where the Prophet's incisors teeth were broken in the [[Battle of Uhud]].<ref>Ibn Hishām, ''al-Sīra al-Nabawīyya'', vol. 2, p. 80.</ref>

===Reports from the End of the 13th/18th Century===

According to the report of Muhammad Rida Tabataba'i Tabrizi in 1296/1878-9, this mosque was located 150 steps away from the grave of the martyrs of Uhud.<ref>Ṭabāṭabāʾī Tabrīzī, ''Hidāyat al-ḥujjāj'', p. 213.</ref>

Hisam al-Saltana, who went to [[hajj]] in 1297/1879-80, reports that he entered the al-Thanaya Mosque and prayed there. According to him, this mosque had a small courtyard and a dome, and it was located in the north direction, above the shrine of [[Hamza b. Abi Talib]]. <ref>Ḥisām al-Salṭana. ''Safarnāma-yi Makka'', p. 154.</ref>

According to another report, this mosque was rebuilt in 1303/1885-6.<ref>ʿAlī b. Mūsā, ''Rasāʾil fī tārīkh al-Madīna'', p. 14.</ref>

Ibrahim Raf'at Pasha saw this mosque in 1319/1901-2 and spoke about it as follows: near the graves of the martyrs, there is a water spring called 'Ayn Al-Thanaya which can be reached by a few steps. There is the al-Thanaya Dome.<ref>Rafʿat Pāshā, ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', p. 393.</ref> He has published two pictures of this dome in his book.<ref>Rafʿat Pāshā, ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', p. 599.</ref>

Because this mosque was located in the middle of a valley and in the path of the flowing water that flowed from [[Mount Uhud]] in winter and spring, over time, its dome collapsed and only the walls around the building remained. After a while, due to its lack of reconstruction, It was completely destroyed.<ref>Kaʿkī, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara'', vol. 1: al-Jibal, p. 186.</ref> Sayyid Ahmad Yasin Khayari (b. 1321/1903-4 - d. 1380/1960-1) confirmed in his book that the dome of al-Thanaya Mosque was destroyed and there were only remains of its building.<ref>Khayārī, ''Tārīkh maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara'', p. 192.</ref>

According to the report of Rasul Ja'fariyan in 1416/1995-6 there was no trace of this mosque in the place.<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 433.</ref>

file:قبه الثنايا 3.jpg|The first image published by Ebrahim Rafat Pasha in his book ''Mir'at al-haramayn''. This photo was taken in 1319/1901-2.  

file:قبه الثنايا 4.jpg|The second image published by Ebrahim Rafat Pasha in his book ''Mir'at al-haramayn''. This photo was taken in 1319/1901-2..  

==Notes==

* ʿAlī b. Mūsā. ''Rasāʾil fī tārīkh al-Madīna''. Riyadh: Dār al-Yamāma, [n.d].

* Ibn Hishām, ʿAbd al-Malik. ''Al-Sīra al-Nabawīyya''. Edited by Muṣṭafā al-Saqqā, et. al. Cairo: 1355/1936.

* Jaʿfarīyān, Rasūl. ''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382Sh.

* Kaʿkī, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh'', part 1: al-Maʿālim al-Ṭabīʿīyya, vol. 1: al-Jibāl, Beirut: Muʾallif, 1419AH.  

* Khayārī, Sayyid Aḥmad Yāsīn al-. ''Tārīkh maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan''. Riyadh: al-Amāna al-ʿāmma li-l-iḥtifāl miʾat ʿām ʿalā l-taʾsīs al-Mamlaka al- ʿArabīyya al-Suʿūdīyya, 1419/1999.

* Rafʿat Pāshā, Ibrāhīm. ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn''. Cairo: Dār al-Kutub al-Miṣrīyya, 1925.

* Ḥisām al-Salṭana. ''Safarnāma-yi Makka''. Edited by Rasūl Jaʿfarīyān. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1374Sh.

* Ṭabāṭabāʾī Tabrīzī, Muḥammad Riḍā. ''Hidāyat al-ḥujjāj''. Qom: Muwarrikh, [n.d].