Al-Thanaya Mosque: Difference between revisions

| title = Al-Thanaya Mosque

| other names = Qubbat al-Thanaya

| place = [[Medina]], north of the graves of the martyrs of Uhud

| events = Teeth of the Prophet(s) were broken here in the Battle of Uhud

| time of reconstruction =

| imam of prayer =

| registration no. =

'''Al-Thanaya Mosque''' or '''al-Thanaya Dome''' (Arabic: {{ia|مسجد الثنايا}} or {{ia|قبة الثنايا}}) was one of the old mosques in [[Medina]], which was built at the place where the Prophet's teeth were broken in the [[Battle of Uhud]]. This mosque was located north of the graves of the martyrs of Uhud, near the mountain of Uhud, but today there is no trace of it.

There is no mention of this mosque in the old history and geography texts of [[Medina]]. But newer sources have indicated the existence of a mosque on Mount Uhud, which was built at the place where the Prophet's incisors teeth were broken in the [[Battle of Uhud]].<ref>Ibn Hishām, ''al-Sīra al-Nabawīyya'', vol. 2, p. 80.</ref>

===Reports from the End of the 13th/18th Century===

According to the report of Muhammad Rida Tabataba'i Tabrizi in 1296/1878-9, this mosque was located 150 steps away from the grave of the martyrs of Uhud.<ref>Ṭabāṭabāʾī Tabrīzī, ''Hidāyat al-ḥujjāj'', p. 213.</ref>

Hisam al-Saltana, who went to [[hajj]] in 1297/1879-80, reports that he entered the al-Thanaya Mosque and prayed there. According to him, this mosque had a small courtyard and a dome, and it was located in the north direction, above the shrine of [[Hamza b. Abi Talib]].<ref>Ḥisām al-Salṭana. ''Safarnāma-yi Makka'', p. 154.</ref>

According to another report, this mosque was rebuilt in 1303/1885-6.<ref>ʿAlī b. Mūsā, ''Rasāʾil fī tārīkh al-Madīna'', p. 14.</ref>

Ibrahim Raf'at Pasha saw this mosque in 1319/1901-2 and spoke about it as follows: near the graves of the martyrs, there is a water spring called 'Ayn Al-Thanaya which can be reached by a few steps. There is the al-Thanaya Dome.<ref>Rafʿat Pāshā, ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', p. 393.</ref> He has published two pictures of this dome in his book.<ref>Rafʿat Pāshā, ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', p. 599.</ref>

==Destruction==

Because this mosque was located in the middle of a valley and in the path of the flowing water that flowed from [[Mount Uhud]] in winter and spring, over time, its dome collapsed and only the walls around the building remained. After a while, due to its lack of reconstruction, It was completely destroyed.<ref>Kaʿkī, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara'', vol. 1: al-Jibal, p. 186.</ref> Sayyid Ahmad Yasin Khayari (b. 1321/1903-4 - d. 1380/1960-1) confirmed in his book that the dome of al-Thanaya Mosque was destroyed and there were only remains of its building.<ref>Khayārī, ''Tārīkh maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara'', p. 192.</ref>

According to the report of Rasul Ja'fariyan in 1416/1995-6 there was no trace of this mosque in the place.<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 433.</ref>

file:قبه الثنايا 3.jpg|The first image published by Ebrahim Rafat Pasha in his book ''Mir'at al-haramayn''. This photo was taken in 1319/1901-2.  

file:قبه الثنايا 4.jpg|The second image published by Ebrahim Rafat Pasha in his book ''Mir'at al-haramayn''. This photo was taken in 1319/1901-2..  

==Notes==

* ʿAlī b. Mūsā. ''Rasāʾil fī tārīkh al-Madīna''. Riyadh: Dār al-Yamāma, [n.d].

* Ibn Hishām, ʿAbd al-Malik. ''Al-Sīra al-Nabawīyya''. Edited by Muṣṭafā al-Saqqā, et. al. Cairo: 1355/1936.

* Jaʿfarīyān, Rasūl. ''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382Sh.

* Kaʿkī, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh'', part 1: al-Maʿālim al-Ṭabīʿīyya, vol. 1: al-Jibāl, Beirut: Muʾallif, 1419AH.  

* Khayārī, Sayyid Aḥmad Yāsīn al-. ''Tārīkh maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan''. Riyadh: al-Amāna al-ʿāmma li-l-iḥtifāl miʾat ʿām ʿalā l-taʾsīs al-Mamlaka al- ʿArabīyya al-Suʿūdīyya, 1419/1999.

* Rafʿat Pāshā, Ibrāhīm. ''Mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn''. Cairo: Dār al-Kutub al-Miṣrīyya, 1925.

* Ḥisām al-Salṭana. ''Safarnāma-yi Makka''. Edited by Rasūl Jaʿfarīyān. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1374Sh.

* Ṭabāṭabāʾī Tabrīzī, Muḥammad Riḍā. ''Hidāyat al-ḥujjāj''. Qom: Muwarrikh, [n.d].