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[[File:آبار علی.jpg|thumbnail|A photo of the area Abar 'Ali in [[Medina]]]]
{{Building
'''Ābār ʿAlī''' ({{ia|آبار علي}}), an area covered with date palm groves in the south of [[Medina]] having water wells which attributed to [[Imam 'Ali (a)]]. This area was in the old Medina-[[Mecca]] route and now is located in the new Medina-Mecca highway. It is said that it was named Abar 'Ali since Imam 'Ali (a), who did not have a position in the time of the three first caliphs, dug some wells in this area for the pilgrims of [[hajj]] and other people. One of the contemporary [[Sunni]] scholars attributed 'Abar 'Ali to 'Ali b. Dinar, the sultan of Darfur, south of [[Sudan]]; but mentioning the name of 'Abar 'Ali in the Muslim sources before 'Ali b. Dinar's travel to Mecca rejects this claim.
| title = Abar 'Ali
 
| image =آبار علی.jpg
== Meaning ==
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Ābār or abyār is the plural form of bi'r (Arabic: {{ia|بئر}}) and means wells<ref>al-'Ayn, Vol.8, P.290; Lisan al-'arab, Vol.4, P.37; Taj al-'arus, Vol.6, P.43, {{ia|"بأر"}}.</ref> . Abar 'Ali is the name of an area 7 or 9 kilometers away from the south of [[Medina]]<ref> 'Umdat al-qari, Vol.25, P.62; al-Bahr al-ra'iq, Vol.2, P.555; Manasik-i hajj, Safi, P.27.</ref> at the route to Mecca. It is located in [[Wadi l-'Aqiq]] in the west side of [[Mount 'Ir]] which is close to [[Dhu l-Hulayfa]]. This area has abundant water wells and palm dates.<ref>See: al-Ma'alim al-athira, P.103; Mu'jam alfaz al-fiqh al-Ja'fari, P.198.</ref>
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It is referred to as abyār and ābyār in Shia<ref>Manasik-I hajj, Safi, P.57; Mu'jam alfaz al-fiqh al-Ja'fari, P.198; al-hajj wa l-'umra, P.175</ref> and [[Sunni]]<ref>al-'Uhud al-Muhammadiyya, P.60; al-Durr al-mukhtar, Vol.2, P.522; Fatawi al-lujna, Vol.11, P.181 & 238.</ref> jurisprudential sources as well as books of [[hajj rituals]]. Many Sunni writers of 9th century afterwards, believe that Abar 'Ali, [[Dhu l-Hulayfa]], and the [[mosque of al-Shajara]] are the names of one place which is the [[miqat]] for Medinans.<ref>'Umdat al-qari, Vol.17, P.225; Vol.25, P.62; Mawahib al-Jalil, Vol.4, P.41.</ref> The famous name of that area is Abar 'Ali.<ref>Kalimat al-taqwa, Vol.3, P.230; A'mal al-haramayn, P.13; Manasik-I hajj, Safi, P.27.</ref>
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| place = [[medina]], [[Dhul-Hulayfa]]
| usage = Farm and water well
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| latitude = 24,414233225993286
| longitude = 39,54542658465621
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'''Ābār ʿAlī''' ({{ia|آبار علي}}), "Ali's wells" is an area in the south of [[Medina]], which is also called (Dhul-Hulayfa), where the (Masjid al-Shajara), which is the [[miqat]] for the people of Medina, is located. This region, through which (Wadi 'Atiq) passes, has had and still has palm groves and wells.
This area has been called "Abar Ali" or "Biʾr Ali" since past centuries, so much so that [[Masjid al- Shajara]] was also referred to as Masjid Biʾr Ali. According to some narratives, the name Be’r Ali (Well of Ali) is derived from the name of [[Ali b. Abi Talib]]. Some have said that there was a well at this location where Ali fought with the jinn, and others consider it to be the land that the Prophet gave to Ali as a gift. However, some sources do not accept such an attribution.
==Location==
==Location==
This area is located amidst two routes:
"Abar" and "Abiyar" are plural forms of "Biʾr" and mean wells.<ref>Farāhīdī, ''Kitāb al-ʿayn'' , vol. 8, p. 290; Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', vol. 4, p. 37; Ḥusaynī al-Zabīdī, ''Tāj al-ʿarūs min jawāhir al-qāmūs'', vol. 6, p. 43.</ref>
#The old [[Medina]]-[[Mecca]] route, which exits from [[Bab 'Anbariyya]], passes [[Hijaz]] railway to [[Syria]], and goes towards Mecca.
Abar Ali is the name of an area located 9 kilometers south of the city of [[Medina]], in [[Wadi Aqiq]] and on the western slope of [[Mount Ayr]], which is on the route to [[Mecca]]. This area is the same as the area of [[Dhul Hulayfa]], where Masjid al-Shajara, which is the [[Miqat]] (station) for the people of Medina, is located.<ref>Shurrāb, ''Al- maʿālim al-ʾathīra fī al-sunna wa al-sīra'' , p. 103.</ref>
#The new Medina-Mecca highway, which starts from the square of [[Quba Mosque]].<ref>Mu'jam alfaz al-fiqh al-Ja'fari, P.198.</ref> On the traffic sign there, the names of Abar 'Ali, Dhu l-Hulayfa, and al-Shajara Mosque come together.<ref>Kalimat al-taqwa, Vol.3, P.230; A'mal al-haramayn, P.13; Manasik-I hajj, Safi, P.27.</ref>  


==Naming==
==Today's situation==
Today, in the gardens and farms located to the west of [[Shajara mosque]] on the banks of [[Wadi Aqiq]] (Aqiq River), there remain numerous ancient water wells.<ref>Kaʿakī, '' Ma ʿālim al-madina al-munawwara bayn al-ʿMārat wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 478-483.</ref>
Some of the pilgrims visit a number of these wells (which are located on the farm of Mansour Osman Al-Faridi.<ref>Kaʿakī, '' Ma ʿālim al-madina al-munawwara bayn al-ʿMārat wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 478-483.</ref>
These wells are considered by some pilgrims to be attributed to Imam Ali, but according to Abdul Aziz Ka'aki, a contemporary geographer of Medina, the wells attributed to Imam Ali have disappeared today and their location is unknown.<ref>Kaʿakī, '' Ma ʿālim al-madina al-munawwara bayn al-ʿMārat wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 4, p. 487.</ref>
==Naming history==
The use of the name Abar Ali or Biʾr Ali has ancient origins, but the reason for its naming is not clearly known. Sources from the eighth century indicate that Biʾr Ali was a common name, and nobody recognized this place by the name [[Dhul Hulayfa]].<ref>Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 3, p. 421; Fīrūz Abādī, '' Al-maghānim al-muṭāba fī ma ʿālim al-ṭāba'',  p. 82.</ref>


Wells of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]]
Evliya Çelebi, who went on pilgrimage in the eleventh century, referred to the Miqat (station) for the people of Medina as Abar Ali and even called the Ihram Mosque as Ali Mosque.<ref>Chilibī, '' Al-Raḥla al-ḥijazīyya'', p. 161.</ref>
Farhad Mirza also notes in his travelogue from the year 1292 AH/1875-6 that the local people only know [[Masjid al-Shajara]] by the name of Be’r Ali or Abar Ali.<ref>Farhā Mīrzā, Safarnāma-yi Farhā Mīrzā, p. 202.</ref>
===The battle of Ali with the jinn===
It is narrated that in this area there was a well where Imam Ali fought with the jinn.<ref>Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 4, p. 246; Ibn Najīm,''Al-Baḥr al-rāʾiq: sharḥ-i kanz al-daqāʾiq'', vol. 2, p. 555; Ḥaṣkafī, ''al-. Al-durr al-mukhtār'',  vol. 2, p. 522-523; Ajlūnī, ,'' al-. Kashf  al-khif ā'', vol. 2, p. 418.</ref> 
Samhudi, a famous historian of Medina, quotes Ibn Jama'ah <ref>Najafī, '' Madīna shināsī '', p. 181.</ref> states that he refutes the accuracy of this story.<ref>Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 4, p. 247.</ref> However, the fact that in some geographical sources from the ninth century or before and after, terms like «بئر علی بن ابی طالب» are used to refer to this well.<ref>Ibn Mujāwir, '' Tārīkh mustabṣir '', p. 27.</ref> "بئر علی رضی الله عنه" (Biʾr Ali, may Allah be pleased with him),<ref>Fīrūz Abādī, '' Al-maghānim al-muṭāba fī ma ʿālim al-ṭāba'',  p. 172.</ref>"البئر المنسوبه الی علی بن ابی طالب" (The well attributed to Ali ibn Abi Talib)<ref>Ḥusaynī Madanī, ''Jawāhir al-thamīna fī maḥāsin al-madina'', p. 123.</ref> indicates that the attribution of this name to Ali b. Abi Talib was a common belief.


[[Imam 'Ali (a)]] dug several wells in Abar 'Ali area, then endowed them for the pilgrims of [[hajj]] and other people.
===The Prophet's dedication to Ali===
It is sometimes said that [[Imam Ali]] had dug wells in this area, and for this reason, the place was named after him.<ref>Damyāṭī, Al-sayyid al-bakrī, '' al-Iʿāna al-ṭālibīn'', vol. 2, p. 341; [https://miqat.hajj.ir/article_70564.html Investigating the natural geography of Medina], Miqat Hajj magazine, Num, 103, p. 91.</ref>
Some researchers have also suggested that this area might have been part of the lands that the Prophet granted to Ali ibn Abi Talib as a gift, and the name of the area originates from this. This interpretation is based on a narrative according to which the Prophet granted lands including [[Faqirayn]], [[Qays]], and [[Shajara]] to Ali.<ref>Najafī, '' Madīna shināsī '', vol. 1, p. 181.</ref>
On the other hand, some reports indicate that this area ([[Wadi Aqiq]]) was granted by the Prophet to Bilal ibn Harith al-Muzani as a fief, and it was called Bilad Muzaynah.<ref>Ḥamawī,''Muʿjam al-buldān'', vol. 4, p. 139; Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 4, p. 14.</ref>
Based on this, some consider the attribution of the wells in this area to Ali b. Abi Talib to be incorrect.<ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā,''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 4, p. 876.</ref>


Regarding the naming of this area as Abar 'Ali, Some [[Sunni]] sources said: Imam 'Ali (a) has dug many wells there.<ref>I'anat al-talibin, Vol.2, P.341.</ref> [[Shia]] sources also said that Imam 'Ali (a) has dug many wells there during the time of the three first caliphs when he did not have an official position; then he endowed them for the pilgrims of hajj and other people.<ref>See: Manasik-I hajj, Abtahi, P.54-5; Chahardah nur-I pak, Vol.12, P.1671-2.</ref>
===The connection between the name Abar Ali to Ali Dinar===
 
In an undocumented report found on the internet, the name "Ali Dinar" has been attributed to Ali Abars. It is said that in the year  1315 AH/ 1898 AD, he reconstructed the wells of Dhul-Hulayfa and thereafter this area came to be known as Ali Abars. However, such a claim is not accurate because the name Ali Abars (as mentioned earlier) has been prevalent for centuries.<ref>http://alwalaa.com/detail.cfm?inttopicid=329</ref>
It is said in some sources that these wells existed even before the [[Prophet (s)|Prophet]]'s (s) migration to Medina, and Imam 'Ali (a), due to the Prophet's (s) order, fought against some tribes of jinn alongside the wells and defeated them harshly. Sunni sources emphasizing on its falsehood, have considered this story as common tales.<ref>See: al-Bahr al-ra'iq, Vol.2, P.555; al-Durr al-mukhtar, Vol.2, P.522-3, Kashf al-khafa', Vol.2, P.418.</ref> "Its content and source has not proven to us", one of contemporary Shia marja's has said about that report.<ref>See: Sirat al-najat, Vol.2, P.451.</ref>
 
=='Ali b. Abi Talib or 'Ali b. Dinar==
One of the contemporary Sunni scholars in [[Egypt]], not referring to any source, has attributed Abar 'Ali to 'Ali b. Dinar, the sultan of Darfur, south of [[Sudan]]]; he has rejected the verity of its attribution to 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a). in his view, 'Ali b. Dinar rebuilt the water wells of [[Dhu l-Hulayfa]] during his hajj travel in 1898/1315 AH, since then the area was named Abar 'Ali after him,<ref>See: http://www.yabdoo.com, http://www.ibtesama.com http://www.sohbanej.com, http://www.daralansar.com.</ref> but since Abar 'Ali was mentioned in the sources which were written before the hajj travel of 'Ali b. Dinar, this view is not accepted.


==Gallery==
<gallery>
file:آبار علی ۴.webp
file:آبار علی۳.webp
file:آبار علی۱.webp| The wells that some people call Ali's wells today are located in Mansour Al Faridi's farm
file:آبار علی۲.webp| The minaret of the [[Shajra Mosque]] and its distance from these wells are known in this picture
</gallery>
==Notes==
==Notes==
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==References==
==References==
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{{References}}
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* http://www.yabdoo.com
* http://www.ibtesama.com
* http://www.sohbanej.com
* http://www.daralansar.com
* http://www.alhejaznet.com
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[[fa:آبار علی]]
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Latest revision as of 14:35, 7 May 2024

Abar 'Ali
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Placemedina, Dhul-Hulayfa
UsageFarm and water well

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Ābār ʿAlī (آبار علي), "Ali's wells" is an area in the south of Medina, which is also called (Dhul-Hulayfa), where the (Masjid al-Shajara), which is the miqat for the people of Medina, is located. This region, through which (Wadi 'Atiq) passes, has had and still has palm groves and wells. This area has been called "Abar Ali" or "Biʾr Ali" since past centuries, so much so that Masjid al- Shajara was also referred to as Masjid Biʾr Ali. According to some narratives, the name Be’r Ali (Well of Ali) is derived from the name of Ali b. Abi Talib. Some have said that there was a well at this location where Ali fought with the jinn, and others consider it to be the land that the Prophet gave to Ali as a gift. However, some sources do not accept such an attribution.

Location

"Abar" and "Abiyar" are plural forms of "Biʾr" and mean wells.[1] Abar Ali is the name of an area located 9 kilometers south of the city of Medina, in Wadi Aqiq and on the western slope of Mount Ayr, which is on the route to Mecca. This area is the same as the area of Dhul Hulayfa, where Masjid al-Shajara, which is the Miqat (station) for the people of Medina, is located.[2]

Today's situation

Today, in the gardens and farms located to the west of Shajara mosque on the banks of Wadi Aqiq (Aqiq River), there remain numerous ancient water wells.[3] Some of the pilgrims visit a number of these wells (which are located on the farm of Mansour Osman Al-Faridi.[4] These wells are considered by some pilgrims to be attributed to Imam Ali, but according to Abdul Aziz Ka'aki, a contemporary geographer of Medina, the wells attributed to Imam Ali have disappeared today and their location is unknown.[5]

Naming history

The use of the name Abar Ali or Biʾr Ali has ancient origins, but the reason for its naming is not clearly known. Sources from the eighth century indicate that Biʾr Ali was a common name, and nobody recognized this place by the name Dhul Hulayfa.[6]

Evliya Çelebi, who went on pilgrimage in the eleventh century, referred to the Miqat (station) for the people of Medina as Abar Ali and even called the Ihram Mosque as Ali Mosque.[7] Farhad Mirza also notes in his travelogue from the year 1292 AH/1875-6 that the local people only know Masjid al-Shajara by the name of Be’r Ali or Abar Ali.[8]

The battle of Ali with the jinn

It is narrated that in this area there was a well where Imam Ali fought with the jinn.[9] Samhudi, a famous historian of Medina, quotes Ibn Jama'ah [10] states that he refutes the accuracy of this story.[11] However, the fact that in some geographical sources from the ninth century or before and after, terms like «بئر علی بن ابی طالب» are used to refer to this well.[12] "بئر علی رضی الله عنه" (Biʾr Ali, may Allah be pleased with him),[13]"البئر المنسوبه الی علی بن ابی طالب" (The well attributed to Ali ibn Abi Talib)[14] indicates that the attribution of this name to Ali b. Abi Talib was a common belief.

The Prophet's dedication to Ali

It is sometimes said that Imam Ali had dug wells in this area, and for this reason, the place was named after him.[15] Some researchers have also suggested that this area might have been part of the lands that the Prophet granted to Ali ibn Abi Talib as a gift, and the name of the area originates from this. This interpretation is based on a narrative according to which the Prophet granted lands including Faqirayn, Qays, and Shajara to Ali.[16] On the other hand, some reports indicate that this area (Wadi Aqiq) was granted by the Prophet to Bilal ibn Harith al-Muzani as a fief, and it was called Bilad Muzaynah.[17] Based on this, some consider the attribution of the wells in this area to Ali b. Abi Talib to be incorrect.[18]

The connection between the name Abar Ali to Ali Dinar

In an undocumented report found on the internet, the name "Ali Dinar" has been attributed to Ali Abars. It is said that in the year 1315 AH/ 1898 AD, he reconstructed the wells of Dhul-Hulayfa and thereafter this area came to be known as Ali Abars. However, such a claim is not accurate because the name Ali Abars (as mentioned earlier) has been prevalent for centuries.[19]

Gallery

  • The wells that some people call Ali's wells today are located in Mansour Al Faridi's farm

    The wells that some people call Ali's wells today are located in Mansour Al Faridi's farm

  • The minaret of the Shajra Mosque and its distance from these wells are known in this picture

    The minaret of the Shajra Mosque and its distance from these wells are known in this picture

Notes

  1. ↑ Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-ʿayn , vol. 8, p. 290; Ibn Manẓūr, Lisān al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 37; Ḥusaynī al-Zabīdī, Tāj al-ʿarūs min jawāhir al-qāmūs, vol. 6, p. 43.
  2. ↑ Shurrāb, Al- maʿālim al-ʾathīra fī al-sunna wa al-sīra , p. 103.
  3. ↑ Kaʿakī, Ma ʿālim al-madina al-munawwara bayn al-ʿMārat wa al-Tārīkh, vol. 2, p. 478-483.
  4. ↑ Kaʿakī, Ma ʿālim al-madina al-munawwara bayn al-ʿMārat wa al-Tārīkh, vol. 2, p. 478-483.
  5. ↑ Kaʿakī, Ma ʿālim al-madina al-munawwara bayn al-ʿMārat wa al-Tārīkh, vol. 4, p. 487.
  6. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā, vol. 3, p. 421; Fīrūz Abādī, Al-maghānim al-muṭāba fī ma ʿālim al-ṭāba, p. 82.
  7. ↑ Chilibī, Al-Raḥla al-ḥijazīyya, p. 161.
  8. ↑ Farhā Mīrzā, Safarnāma-yi Farhā Mīrzā, p. 202.
  9. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā, vol. 4, p. 246; Ibn Najīm,Al-Baḥr al-rāʾiq: sharḥ-i kanz al-daqāʾiq, vol. 2, p. 555; Ḥaṣkafī, al-. Al-durr al-mukhtār, vol. 2, p. 522-523; Ajlūnī, , al-. Kashf al-khif ā, vol. 2, p. 418.
  10. ↑ Najafī, Madīna shināsī , p. 181.
  11. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā, vol. 4, p. 247.
  12. ↑ Ibn Mujāwir, Tārīkh mustabṣir , p. 27.
  13. ↑ Fīrūz Abādī, Al-maghānim al-muṭāba fī ma ʿālim al-ṭāba, p. 172.
  14. ↑ Ḥusaynī Madanī, Jawāhir al-thamīna fī maḥāsin al-madina, p. 123.
  15. ↑ Damyāṭī, Al-sayyid al-bakrī, al-Iʿāna al-ṭālibīn, vol. 2, p. 341; Investigating the natural geography of Medina, Miqat Hajj magazine, Num, 103, p. 91.
  16. ↑ Najafī, Madīna shināsī , vol. 1, p. 181.
  17. ↑ Ḥamawī,Muʿjam al-buldān, vol. 4, p. 139; Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā, vol. 4, p. 14.
  18. ↑ Ṣabrī Pāshā,Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn, vol. 4, p. 876.
  19. ↑ http://alwalaa.com/detail.cfm?inttopicid=329

References

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  • Chilibī, ʾUlīyā. Al-Raḥla al-ḥijazīyya. Translated by Aḥmad al-Mursī. Cairo: Dār al-Āfāq al-ʿArabīyya, 1420 AH.
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