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==Location== | ==Location== | ||
The location of the Gutter of the Ka'ba is on its eastern side, where the rainwater from the roof of the Ka'ba flows into the [[Hijr Isma'il|Hijr Ismail]]. The Gutter of the Kaaba is installed on the northern side, on the roof of the Ka'ba, and directs rainwater into the Hijr Ismail.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār'', vol. 1, p. 291.</ref>(1) | The location of the Gutter of the Ka'ba is on its eastern side, where the rainwater from the roof of the Ka'ba flows into the [[Hijr Isma'il|Hijr Ismail]]. The Gutter of the Kaaba is installed on the northern side, on the roof of the Ka'ba, and directs rainwater into the Hijr Ismail.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār'', vol. 1, p. 291.</ref> | ||
==Terminology== | |||
"Mizab" in Arabic means "gutter," and some believe that "mizab" has a Persian origin from the word "marzab," meaning a water channel or drainage.<ref>Zubaydī, "Tāj al-ʿurūs min Jawāhir al-Qāmūs", vol. 1, p. 302.</ref> | |||
This gutter is also known by the names "Mizab al-Dhahab" (Golden Gutter).<ref>Ghaffārī, "Rāhnemā-ye Haramayn Sharīfayn", vol. 1, p. 178.</ref> | |||
and "Mizab al-Rahma" (Gutter of Mercy).<ref>Batnūnī, "Al-Riḥlah al-Ḥijāziyyah", p. 105. , Khalīlī, "Mawsūʿat al-ʿAtābāt al-Muqaddasah", vol. 2, p. 236.</ref> | |||
==History== | |||
The Gutter of the Ka'ba has been replaced multiple times throughout history. The Ka'ba built by [[Prophet Ibrahim]] (Abraham) (peace be upon him) did not have a roof.<ref>ʿĀmilī, " Wasāʾil al-Shīʿah", vol. 13, p. 211-214.</ref> | |||
Therefore, it did not require a gutter. Later, Qusayy b. Kilab built a wooden roof for the [[Ka'ba]] but did not include a gutter for the roof. The Quraysh, who constructed the first sturdy roof for the Ka'ba, also created a place for the rainwater to flow, directing the water into the [[Hijr Isma'il|Hijr Ismail]].<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār'', vol. 1, p. 164.</ref> | |||
"According to Mohammad Taher Kordi in the book 'Tareekh al-Qawim'<ref>Kurdī, ''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 4, p. 167- 169.</ref> | |||
is | The history of the reconstruction of the Gutter of the Ka'ba is as follows: | ||
Here is the history of the reconstruction of the Gutter of the Ka'ba: | |||
* In the year 64 AH/683-4, [[Ibn Zubayr]] reconstructed the Ka'ba and installed a gutter for it. | |||
Additional details include: | |||
* [[Hajjaj b. Yusuf]] made a gutter from brass for the roof of the Ka'ba. | |||
* [[Walid b. Abd al-Malik]] plated a page with gold on this gutter. | |||
* Reconstruction of the mizab in 539 AH/1144-5 by Ramshat, who was the builder of [[Ramshat Ribat]] in [[Mecca]]. | |||
* Replacement of the gutter ordered by Caliph al-Muqtadir in 541 AH/1146-7. | |||
* According to reports, Rameshah, one of the dignitaries of Mecca, ruled Mecca from 701/1301-2 to 746 AH/1345-6 and also constructed a gutter for the Ka'ba. | |||
* Nasser al-Din Allah also constructed a gutter for the Ka'ba in 781 AH/1379-80, said to be made of wood and decorated with silver. | |||
* In 959 AH/1552, Sultan Sulaiman Qanooni installed a silver gutter on the Ka'ba. | |||
* In 962 AH/1554-5, it was replaced with a gold gutter. | |||
* In 1021 AH/1612-3, Sultan Ahmed decorated it with gold and turquoise. | |||
* In 1273 AH/1856-7, Sultan Abdul Majid constructed a gutter made of pure gold. This gutter, which used approximately 50 pounds of gold, remained on the Kaaba until the time of Mohammad Taher Kordi's lifetime.<ref>Kurdī, ''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 4, p. 171.</ref> | |||
==In narrations== | |||
In the narrations, under the Gutter of the Ka'ba is described as the place where Gabriel stood to deliver messages to the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|Prophet]] and also as a place of worship for the Ahl al-Bayt.<ref>Nūrī, " Mustadrak al-wasāʾil", vol. 9, p. 427.</ref> It has been mentioned in the narrations.<ref> Kulaynī, ''Al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 557.</ref> | |||
Also, there are mentions in narrations about reciting supplications and prayers under the Gutter of the Ka'ba.<ref>Nūrī, " Mustadrak al-wasāʾil", vol. 3, p. 422. , Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 99, p. 230.</ref> | |||
===The cause of healing for the sick=== | |||
"In some narrations, the water that flows from the Gutter is described as having healing properties.<ref>Kulaynī, ''Al-Kāfī'', vol. 6, p. 387. , Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 47, p. 122. | |||
In 1273 AH, Sultan Abdul Majid constructed a gutter made of pure gold. This gutter, which used approximately 50 pounds of gold, remained on the Kaaba until the time of Mohammad Taher Kordi's lifetime. | </ref> | ||
==In Persian literature== | |||
In the narrations, under the Gutter of the | the Gutter of the Ka'ba is among the concepts that poets have composed poems about, such as Mahi Lari<ref> Lārī, ''Fatūḥ al-Ḥaramayn'', p. 45-46.</ref> | ||
It has been mentioned in the narrations | and Khaqani, like: | ||
Also, there are mentions in narrations about reciting supplications and prayers under the Gutter of the | "O you thirsty for the clouds of your mercy, like me at the lip of the Gutter of the Ka'ba... | ||
He seeks, blessed by the water of your hand, like a pilgrim from the Gutter of the Ka'ba."<ref>Khāqānī, ''Dīvān Khāqānī'', vol. 1, p. 516.</ref> | |||
"In some narrations, the water that flows from the Gutter is described as having healing properties. | ==Notes== | ||
{{Notes}} | |||
==References== | |||
{{References}} | |||
and Khaqani | *ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan Ḥurr. ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿah''. Qom: Muʾassasah Āl al-Bayt (ʿA) li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1416 AH. | ||
"O you thirsty for the clouds of your mercy, like me at the lip of the Gutter of the | *Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār''. Edited by Rushdī Ṣāliḥ Mulḥis. Beirut: 1403 AH. | ||
He seeks, blessed by the water of your hand, like a pilgrim from the Gutter of the | *Batnūnī, Muḥammad Labīb. ''Al-Riḥlah al-Ḥijāziyyah''. Cairo: Maṭbaʿat al-Jamālīyah, 1329 AH. | ||
*Ghaffārī, Ibrāhīm. ''Rāhnemā-ye Haramayn Sharīfayn''. Bījā, Usvah, 1370 SH. | |||
References | *Khāqānī, Badīl ibn ʿAlī. ''Dīvān Khāqānī (Volume 1): Chāmahāhā va Tarkīb-bandhā''. Edited by Mīr Jalāl al-Dīn Kuzāzī. Tehran: Nashr-e Markaz, 1375 SH. | ||
*Khalīlī, Jaʿfar. ''Mawsūʿat al-ʿAtābāt al-Muqaddasah''. Beirut: Muʾassasah al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1407 AH / 1987 CE. | |||
. Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār''. Edited by Rushdī Ṣāliḥ Mulḥis. Beirut: 1403 AH. | *Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Kāfī''. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1375 Sh. | ||
*Kurdī, Muḥammad Ṭāhir. ''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm''. Beirut: : Dār al- Khiḍr, 1420 AH. | |||
*Lārī, Muḥyi al-Dīn. ''Futūḥ al-Ḥaramayn''. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥaddith. Tehran: Intishārāt-e Eṭlāʿāt, 1366 SH. | |||
*Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ''Biḥār al-anwār''. Second edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH. | |||
* Nūrī. ''Mustadrak al-wasāʾil''. Beirut: Āl al-Bayt, 1408 AH. | |||
*Shojāʿī, Muḥammad. ''Ḥajj dar āʾīneh-ye shāʿr-i Fārsī''. 2nd edition. Tehran: Mašʿar, 1388 SH. | |||
*Zubaydī, Sayyid Muḥammad Muṛtaḍā. ''Tāj al-ʿArūs min Jawāhir al-Qāmūs''.Edited by ʿAlī Shīrī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr lil-Ṭibāʿah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzīʿ, 1st edition, 1414 AH. | |||
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[[fa: ناودان کعبه]] | |||
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