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''' | '''Rātij Mosque''' (Ar: مسجد الراتج) is one of the mosques associated with the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe in the north of Medina. It currently does not exist, and only its boundaries or ruins remain. | ||
Ratej was the name of a fortress belonging to the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe, and due to its fame, the area was also named | Ratej was the name of a fortress belonging to the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe, and due to its fame, the area was also named Ratij. The Ratij Mosque was located next to this fortress. It is one of the mosques where [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|the Prophet Muhammad (s)]] prayed within its boundaries and where [[Bilal al-Habashi]] called the adhan (call to prayer). | ||
Location | ==Location== | ||
Ratij Mosque was located in the old Ratij area, also known as Hisn Ratij. Today, there is no such name or area in [[Medina]].<ref>Kaʿkī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh'', vol. 4, p. 179.</ref> | |||
The current name of the area in question is Masani. | The current name of the area in question is [[Masani]].<ref>ʿAyyāshī, ''Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir'', p. 358.</ref> | ||
Which is entirely located within the lands and boundaries of the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe. | Which is entirely located within the lands and boundaries of the [[Banu Abdul-Ashhal]] tribe.<ref>ʿAyyāshī, ''Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir'', p. 359.</ref> | ||
The place where | The place where Ratij Mosque was located is now on Uthman b. Affan Street, which is known to the people of Medina as [[Tariq al-'Uyun]].<ref>Kaʿkī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh'', vol. 4, p. 179.</ref> | ||
Ratij Mosque was located to the northeast of [[Mount Dhubab]]. Today, Masjid al-Rayah is located on this mountain.<ref>Samhūdī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 3, p. 225.</ref> | |||
Names | ==Names== | ||
The name of Ratej Mosque is derived from the Banu Ratej family, who are from the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe. | The name of Ratej Mosque is derived from the Banu Ratej family, who are from the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe.<ref>Kaʿkī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh'', vol. 4, p. 178.</ref> | ||
Ratij was the name of a fortress belonging to the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe.<ref>Ḥimyarī,''Al-Rawḍ al-miʿṭār fī khabar al-aqṭār'', p. 266.</ref> | |||
And due to its fame, the area was also named | And due to its fame, the area was also named Ratij.<ref>Khiyārī, ''Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan'', p. 36.</ref>(8) | ||
And | And Ratij Mosque was also located next to this fortress.<ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā, ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 4, p. 706.</ref> | ||
And over time, other groups settled in the vicinity of the | And over time, other groups settled in the vicinity of the Ratij fortress.<ref>Khiyārī, ''Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan'', p. 44,51.</ref> | ||
The building's history | ==The building's history== | ||
The construction and demolition dates of Ratej Mosque are not clear. The mosque did not exist in the eighth and ninth centuries. Samhudi mentioned this mosque in a section discussing mosques whose precise locations are not known. | The construction and demolition dates of Ratej Mosque are not clear. The mosque did not exist in the eighth and ninth centuries. Samhudi mentioned this mosque in a section discussing mosques whose precise locations are not known.<ref>Samhūdī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 3, p. 224.</ref> | ||
In "Al-Madina Between the Past and the Present" (published in 2013), Ibrahim | In the book "Al-Madina Between the Past and the Present" (published in 2013), Ibrahim b. Ali Ayyashi locates the vicinity of the mosque next to the Jassum Well to the south, where a large Ottoman communications center was built.<ref>ʿAyyāshī, ''Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir'', p. 359.</ref> | ||
This building still remains to this day. | This building still remains to this day.<ref>Kaʿkī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh'', vol. 4, p. 181.</ref> | ||
According to | According to Ka'ki, a contemporary geographer of [[Medina]], in 1992, the Municipality of Medina carried out renovation operations in this area.<ref>Kaʿkī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh'', vol. 4, p. 183.</ref> | ||
==historical related events== | |||
According to some accounts, the Prophet Muhammad ( | ===Prayer of the prophet=== | ||
And it's narrated that they drank from a well there called Jassum. | According to some accounts, the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] prayed in this mosque.<ref>Shurrāb, ''Al- maʿālim al-ʾathīra fī al-sunna wa al-sīra'', p. 262.</ref> | ||
Also, Bilal al-Habashi called the Adhan (Islamic call to prayer) in this mosque. | And it's narrated that they drank from a well there called Jassum.<ref>Numīrī, Ibn Shubba. ''Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara'', vol. 1, p. 69.</ref> | ||
Also, [[Bilal al-Habashi]] called the Adhan (Islamic call to prayer) in this mosque.<ref>Samhūdī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 3, p. 861.</ref> | |||
At the suggestion of the Prophet Muhammad, the area of digging the trench and its divisions were arranged in a way to confront the attack of the polytheists, starting from the area of Muzad, extending to | ===Digging of the trench=== | ||
It has been reported that the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe dug trenches from the Ratej area to the vicinity of their homes. | At the suggestion of the Prophet Muhammad, the area of digging the trench and its divisions were arranged in a way to confront the attack of the polytheists, starting from the area of Muzad, extending to Dhubab, and then ending near Ratij Mosque.<ref>Najafī,''Madīna shināsī'', vol. 2, p. 364.</ref> | ||
It has been reported that the [[Banu Abdul-Ashhal]] tribe dug trenches from the Ratej area to the vicinity of their homes.<ref> Wāqidī,''Al-Maghāzī'', vol. 2, p. 337.</ref> | |||
One of the personalities from the residents of the | ===Related historical figures=== | ||
One of the personalities from the residents of the Ratij fortress is [[Iyas b.Aus]], who during the [[Battle of Badr]] was among those who proposed engaging in battle outside Medina to the esteemed Prophet Muhammad (s).<ref>Wāqidī,''Al-Maghāzī'', vol. 1, p. 211. | |||
References | </ref> | ||
==Notes== | |||
{{Notes}} | |||
==References== | |||
{{References}} | |||
Kaʿkī, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh, part 1: al-Maʿālim al-Ṭabīʿīyya, vol. 1: al-Jibāl, Beirut: Muʾallif, 1419AH. | *ʿAyyāshī, Ibrāhīm .Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir. Medina: al-Maktab al-ʿilmīyya, 1972. | ||
*Ḥimyarī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Munʿim al-. ''Al-Rawḍ al-miʿṭār fī khabar al-aqṭār''. Beirut, Lebanon: Maktabat Lubnān, 1984. | |||
*Kaʿkī, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh, part 1: al-Maʿālim al-Ṭabīʿīyya, vol. 1: al-Jibāl, Beirut: Muʾallif, 1419AH. | |||
*Khiyārī, Sayyid Aḥmad Yāsīn.Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan. Riyadh: al-Amāna alʿāmma li-liḥtifāl miʾat ʿām ʿalā tʾsīs al-mamlika al- ʿarabiyya al-suʿūdiyya, 1419 AH/1999. | |||
*Najafī, Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. Madīna shināsī. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1387 sh. | |||
*Numīrī, Ibn Shubba. ''Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara''. Edited by Fahīm Muḥammad Shaltūt. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1380 sh. | |||
*Ṣabrī Pāshā, Ayyūb. ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn''. Cairo: Shirkat al-Dawlīyya li-l-Ṭibāʿa, 2004. | |||
*Samhūdī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā. Edited by Muḥammad Muḥyi al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: 1984. | |||
*Shurrāb Muḥammad Muḥammad b. Ḥasan. Al- maʿālim al-ʾathīra fī al-sunna wa al-sīra. Beirut: Dār al-Qalam, 1411AH. | |||
*Wāqidī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-. ''Al-Maghāzī''. Edited by Marsden Jones. Beirut: Muʾassisa al-Aʿlām, 1409 AH. | |||
{{end}} | |||
[[fa: مسجد راتج]] | |||