Pourghorbani
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Kurdi, a historian of the 14th century AH, referred to two types of external staircases in his time: a small single-person ladder and a wide, movable ladder for several people. Two of the second type were kept beside the [[Zamzam well]].<ref>Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 4, p. 140.</ref> and these were used for purposes such as washing the Ka'ba, installing the covering, making repairs, and ceremonies related to the expansion of the [[Haram]].<ref>Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 2, p. 441.</ref> | Kurdi, a historian of the 14th century AH, referred to two types of external staircases in his time: a small single-person ladder and a wide, movable ladder for several people. Two of the second type were kept beside the [[Zamzam well]].<ref>Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 4, p. 140.</ref> and these were used for purposes such as washing the Ka'ba, installing the covering, making repairs, and ceremonies related to the expansion of the [[Haram]].<ref>Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 2, p. 441.</ref> | ||
===Modern External Staircase=== | ===Modern External Staircase=== | ||
In the year 2000 CE, during the [[ceremony ofwashing the Ka'ba]], and with the participation of several Islamic delegations present for [[Hajj]], a new external staircase made of teak wood was inaugurated. It measured 565 centimeters in length, 480 centimeters in height, 188 centimeters in width, and weighed 6.5 thousand kilograms. This electric staircase operates with 24 batteries and is controlled automatically.<ref>"Mawāṣafāt sullam al-Kaʿbah al-musharrafah"</ref> | In the year 2000 CE, during the [[ceremony ofwashing the Ka'ba]], and with the participation of several Islamic delegations present for [[Hajj]], a new external staircase made of teak wood was inaugurated. It measured 565 centimeters in length, 480 centimeters in height, 188 centimeters in width, and weighed 6.5 thousand kilograms. This electric staircase operates with 24 batteries and is controlled automatically.<ref>[https://www.almowaten.net/2022/08/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9/ "Mawāṣafāt sullam al-Kaʿbah al-musharrafah"]</ref> | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
{{Notes}} | {{Notes}} | ||
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*Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār''. Edited by Rushdī Ṣāliḥ Mulḥis. Beirut: 1403 AH. | *Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār''. Edited by Rushdī Ṣāliḥ Mulḥis. Beirut: 1403 AH. | ||
*Bayhaqī, Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-. ''Dalāʾil al-nubuwwa wa maʿrifat aḥwāl ṣāḥib al-sharīʿa''. Edited by ʿAbd al-Muʿṭī al-Qalʿajī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1405 AH. | *Bayhaqī, Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-. ''Dalāʾil al-nubuwwa wa maʿrifat aḥwāl ṣāḥib al-sharīʿa''. Edited by ʿAbd al-Muʿṭī al-Qalʿajī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1405 AH. | ||
*Dhahabī. ''Tārīkh al-islām wa wafayāt al-mashāhīr''. Edited by ʿUmar ʿAbd al-Salām. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1410 AH. | |||
*Fāsī al-Makkī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām''. Translated by Muḥammad Muqaddas. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 sh. | *Fāsī al-Makkī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām''. Translated by Muḥammad Muqaddas. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 sh. | ||
*Ḥusaynī, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn b. Nūr al-Dīn. ''Mufarriḥat al-anām fī taʾsīs bayt Allāh al-ḥarām''. Edited by ʿAmmār ʿUbūdī Naṣṣār. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1428 AH. | |||
*Ibn Baṭūṭa, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa''. Edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī Tāzī. Rabat: Ākādimīyya al-Mamlikat al-Maghribīyya, 1417 AH. | |||
*Ibn Fahd, ʿUmar b. Muḥammad. ''Ittiḥāf al-warā''. Edited by ʿAbd al-Karīm. Mecca: Jāmiʿat Umm al-Qurā, 1408 AH. | |||
*Ibn Jubayr, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ''Riḥla Ibn Jubayr''. Beirut: Dār al-Maktaba al-Hilāl, 1986. | |||
*Kurdī, Muḥammad Ṭāhir. ''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm''. Beirut: : Dār al- Khiḍr, 1420 AH. | |||
*Khusraw, Nāṣir. ''Safarnāmah Nāṣir Khusraw''. Tehran: Zavvār, 1381 SH. | |||
*Maṭar, Fawzīyah Ḥusayn. ''Tārīkh ʿimārat al-masjid al-ḥarām''. Mecca: Jāmiʿat Umm al-Qurā, 1406 AH. | |||
*sanjārī, ʿAlī b. Tāj al-ddīn al-. ''Manāʾiḥ al-karam''. Mecca: umm al-qurā university, 1998. | |||
*Ṭūsī. ''Al-Amālī''. Qom: Dār al-Thaqāfah, 1414 AH. | |||
. Al- | |||