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| {{Building
| | '''Al-Tawba pillar''' or the '''pillar of Abu lubaba''' is one of the [[pillars of Masjid al-Nabi]] and the place of repentance of Abul Baba Ansari, a companion of the Prophet (PBUH), in the Battle of Bani Qurayzah. Feeling guilty for collaborating with the Jews of Bani Qurayzah, Abul Baba went to Masjid al-Nabi and tied himself to this pillar until his repentance was accepted. It is recommended to pray next to this pillar. |
| | title = Muzdalifa
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| | image = مزدلفه.jpg
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| | image size = 500px
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| | other names = [[Jamʿ]], [[Quzah]] and [[Mashʿar al-Haram]]
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| | place = [[Mecca]], Between [[Mina]] and [['Arafat]], at a distance of 6 kilometers from Arafat, and 8 kilometers southeast of [[Masjid al-Haram]]
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| | usage = Pilgrim's staying place on the 10th night [[Dhu al-Hijja]]
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| | Area = 9.63 square kilometers
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| '''Muzdalifa''' (means: approaching) is the name of a place near [[Mecca]] where pilgrims must have [[Wuquf at al-Mash'ar|wuquf]] after the night journey from [['Arafat|Arafat]]. The reason for this name is that people enter this area at night. Another name of this place is "Jamʿ"(means: gathering). Because pilgrims gather there. This point is the same [[Mashʿar al-Haram]] mentioned in the Qur'an. | |
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| Muzdalifa, with an area of about 9.63 square kilometers, is located between [[Mina]] and [['Arafat]], which is limited to [[Wadi al-Maʾzamayn]] and [[al-Hiyaz]]. Standing in Muzdalifa on [[the 10th night of Dhu l-Hijja]] is one of the [[obligations of Hajj]].
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| ==Meaning==
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| Muzdalifa is the active noun from "Izdilaf(ازدلاف)" which means to approach; The arabic phrase "Izdalaf Al-Qawm(ازدلف القوم)"; That is, when he made the people close. "Izdilaf(ازدلاف)" also means gathering, because people gather there.<ref>Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 5, p. 68.</ref>
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| Among the other names of Muzdalifa are [[Jamʿ]](means: gathering)<ref>Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 2, p. 186.</ref>, [[Quzah]]<ref>Niʿmatī, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn'', p. 86.</ref> and [[Mashʿar al-Haram]]<ref>Niʿmatī, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn'', p. 204.</ref>. It has been said that applying the name of Mashʿar to Muzdalifa is virtual, which means that Muzdalifa is actually a part of the land of Mashʿar and within its boundaries; But it is also called Mashʿar.<ref>Al-Jawāhirī, [https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/127756/%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b2%d8%af%d9%84%d9%81%d9%87-%d9%85%d9%86%db%8c حدود عرفات، مزدلفة، منی]The boundaries of ʿArafat, Muzdalifa, Mina, p. 157-158.</ref>
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| ==Location==
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| Muzdalifa is located between [[Mina]] and [['Arafat]], and [[Wadi al-Mohassir]](Arabc: وادی محَسِّر) is located between Mina and Muzdalifa.<ref>ʿAṭṭār, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra'', p. 204.</ref> The distance between Muzdalifa and 'Arafat is 6 km, and its distance from the southeast of [[Masjid al-haram|Masjid al-Haram]] is 8 km. The area of this region is about 9.63 square kilometers.[[file:تابلوی شروع محدوده مزدلفه.jpg|300 px|right]]
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| This area is limited on one side to "[[Maʾzamayn]](مأزَمَین)" valley and on the other side to "wadi al-Muhassir" and "Hiyyad". By passing through Wadi Maʾzamayn, Haji reaches Muzdalifa or the land of [[Mashʿar al-Haram]].<ref>Murwārīd, ''Yanābīʿ al-fighīyya'', vol. 7, p. 198.</ref>
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| ==Rulings==
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| {{main|Wuquf at al-Mash'ar}}
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| Waqf (means:standing) in Muzdalifa is obligatory on the [[10th night of Dhu-l Hijja]] and one of basic principles of [[Hajj]] according to all Islamic schools of thought; But there is a difference of opinion in the amount and the time of Wuquf(standing).<ref>Qāḍī ʿAskar, Ḥajj dar andīsha-yi islāmī, p. 288; Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i Ḥajj'', p. 62; ʿAṭṭār, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra'', p. 252.</ref>
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| ===Shia's view===
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| The Shia jurists are mostly of the opinion that the Hajji reached Masha'ar at any hour from the 10th of the night, until dawn with the intention of obeying God and staying there, then from dawn to sunrise with the pure intention of hypocrisy and showing off, he should make a [[Wuquf at al-Mash'ar|wuquf]] and It is recommended to move towards [[Mina]] a little before sunrise, but don't cross [[Wadi Muhassir]] until the sun rises.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i Ḥajj'', p. 62.</ref>
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| ===Sunni's view===
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| Abu Hanifah mentions the time of wuquf from dawn to sunrise, and Malik believes that it is sufficient for a pilgrim to make a wuquf any time during the night of [[Eid al-Adha]] and before dawn. According to Shafi'i, standing at any moment after midnight of Eid al-Adha is sufficient.<ref>ʿAṭṭār, ''Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra'', p. 252.</ref>
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| ==boundaries==
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| The length of Muzdalifa is 3,812 meters from the beginning of Mazamin (gorge between Muzdalifa and [[ʿArafa]]) to the beginning of Wadi Muhassir.<ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā, ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 1, p. 341.</ref> It is 20,507 cubits from the wall of the [[Bani Shayba Gate]] next to [[Al-Masjid al-Haram|Masjid al-Haram]] to the border of Muzdalifa from the Mina side.<ref>Fāsī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām'', vol. 1, p. 505, 507.</ref>
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| The boundaries of Muzdalifa are marked with large signs, and with the words "the beginning of Muzdalifa(Arabic: بداية مزدلفه)" or "the end of Muzdalifa(Arabic: نهاية مزدلفه)", you can know its limits.
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| ==Notes==
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| {{Notes}}
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| ==References==
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| {{References}}
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| *Al-Jawāhirī, Ḥasan Muḥammad Taqī. [https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/127756/%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b2%d8%af%d9%84%d9%81%d9%87-%d9%85%d9%86%db%8c ''حدود عرفات، مزدلفة، منی''] (Translation: The boundaries of ʿArafat, Muzdalifa, Mina). Miqāt al-ḥajj magazine, 1415 AH.
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| *ʿAṭṭār, Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Qafūr. ''Qāmūs al-ḥaj wa al-ʿUmra''. Beirut: Dār al-ʿIlm li-l-Malāyyīn, 1979.
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| *Fallāḥzāda, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i Ḥajj''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1389 sh.
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| *Fāsī al-Makkī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām''. Translated by Muḥammad Muqaddas. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 sh.
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| *Murwārīd,ʿAlī Aṣghar. ''Yanābīʿ al-fighīyya''. Beirut:[n.p], 1410 AH.
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| *Niʿmatī, Muḥammad Riḍā.''Qāmūs al-ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1418 AH.
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| *Qāḍīʿskar, ʿAlī. Ḥajj dar andīshi-yi islāmī. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1384 sh.
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| *Ṣabrī Pāshā, Ayyūb. ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn''. Translated by ʿAbd al-Rasūl Munshī. Tehran: Markaz-i Pazhūhishī Mīrāth-i Maktūb, 1382 sh.
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| *Ṭurayḥī, Fakhr al-Dīn b. Muḥammad al-. ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn''. Edited by Sayyid Aḥmad Ḥusaynī. Tehran: al-Maktaba al-Murtaḍawīyya, 1375 Sh.
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| {{end}}
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