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===Staying at 'Arafat=== | ===Staying at 'Arafat=== | ||
{{main|Wuquf at 'Arafat}} | {{main|Wuquf at 'Arafat}} | ||
Staying at Arafat is the second obligatory ritesof [[hajj]].<ref>Fikrī, ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra'', P. 275.</ref> According to Shia jurists, the time of staying at [[Arafat|'Arafat]] is from noon on the ninth day of Dhu l-Hijja ([[day of Arafa]]) until sunset, which is the time of maghrib prayer.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 58.</ref> In the four Sunni denominations, the time of this rite is considered to be the day of 'Arafa. Of course, there is a difference between these denominations in the exact time.<ref> | Staying at Arafat is the second obligatory ritesof [[hajj]].<ref>Fikrī, ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra'', P. 275.</ref> According to Shia jurists, the time of staying at [[Arafat|'Arafat]] is from noon on the ninth day of Dhu l-Hijja ([[day of Arafa]]) until sunset, which is the time of maghrib prayer.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 58.</ref> In the four Sunni denominations, the time of this rite is considered to be the day of 'Arafa. Of course, there is a difference between these denominations in the exact time.<ref>Murwārīd, ''al-Maṣādir al-fiqhīyya'', vol. 10, p.33; Ṭūsī, ''al-Khilāf'', vol. 1, p. 453; Sābiq, ''Fiqh al-Sunna'', vol. 1, p. 522; Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 8, p. 177; Pīshiafard, ''Darāmadī bar fiqh-i muqārin'', p. 387; Jazīrī, ''al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-arbaʿa'', Vol. 1, p. 597,599; Mughnīya, ''al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-khamsa'' , vol. 1, p. 378.</ref> | ||
For a hajj pilgrim who does not get weak in praying, it is recommended to [[fast]] on this day. Being tahir, doing ghusl and staying at the bottom of the mountain and on flat ground, are other [[Recommendation|recommendations]] of staying at 'Arafat.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 59.</ref> | For a hajj pilgrim who does not get weak in praying, it is recommended to [[fast]] on this day. Being tahir, doing ghusl and staying at the bottom of the mountain and on flat ground, are other [[Recommendation|recommendations]] of staying at 'Arafat.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 59.</ref> | ||
Reciting [[the supplication of Imam Husayn(a) on the day of 'Arafa]] is one of the customs that Shias perform on this day and at [['Arafat]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 60.</ref> Other customs of this day are [[repentance]] (tawba),<ref>'' | Reciting [[the supplication of Imam Husayn(a) on the day of 'Arafa]] is one of the customs that Shias perform on this day and at [['Arafat]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 60.</ref> Other customs of this day are [[repentance]] (tawba),<ref>''Miṣbāḥ al-sharīʿa'', p. 92; Fayd al-Kashani, ''Al-MaHjat al-bayda''', vol. 2; p. 207.</ref> and reciting special supplications.<ref>Muḥammadī Reyshahrī, ''Ḥajj wa ʿumra dar Qurān wa ḥadīth'', p. 392.</ref> | ||
===Staying at al-Mash'ar=== | ===Staying at al-Mash'ar=== | ||
{{main|Wuquf at al-Mash'ar}} | {{main|Wuquf at al-Mash'ar}} | ||
Wuquf (staying) at al-Mash'ar is the third obligatory rite of [[hajj]].<ref>Fikrī, ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra'', p. 276.</ref> The time of this rite, based on Shia jurisprudence, is from dawn on the 10th day of [[Dhu l-Hijja]] ([['Eid of al-Adha|Eid of al-Adha]]) until sunrise.<ref>Qadi'skar, ''Hajj dar andishi-yi islami'', P. 288.</ref> | Wuquf (staying) at al-Mash'ar is the third obligatory rite of [[hajj]].<ref>Fikrī, ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra'', p. 276.</ref> The time of this rite, based on Shia jurisprudence, is from dawn on the 10th day of [[Dhu l-Hijja]] ([['Eid of al-Adha|Eid of al-Adha]]) until sunrise.<ref>Qadi'skar, ''Hajj dar andishi-yi islami'', P. 288.</ref> | ||
Reciting special | Reciting special supplications,<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2; p. 543.</ref> dhikr of God, and collecting pebbles for ramy al-Jamrat at [[Mina]] are also recommended while staying at mash'ar.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 63.</ref> | ||
===Rites of Mina === | ===Rites of Mina === | ||
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{{End}} | {{End}} | ||
According to Shia jurists, observing the order of the above rituals is obligatory or obligatory caution, but according to Hanbali and Shafi'i jurists, observing the order is mustahabb, and whoever does not observe it has no [[kaffara]].<ref> | According to Shia jurists, observing the order of the above rituals is obligatory or obligatory caution, but according to Hanbali and Shafi'i jurists, observing the order is mustahabb, and whoever does not observe it has no [[kaffara]].<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 19; p. 250-251; Shahīd al-Thānī, ''Al-Rawḍa al-bahīyya'', vol. 1, p. 525;</ref> | ||
====Ramy al-Jamra al-'Aqaba==== | ====Ramy al-Jamra al-'Aqaba==== | ||
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On the day of Eid al-Adha, after sunrise, it is obligatory for a pilgrim to throw seven stones at [[Jamra al-'Aqaba]] (the last jamara in Mina).<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 26.</ref> Throwing stones should be with the [[intention of Qurba]] and must be thrown one ofter another; So, if he throws several pebbles together, it is not enough, but it is counted as one.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 66-67.</ref> | On the day of Eid al-Adha, after sunrise, it is obligatory for a pilgrim to throw seven stones at [[Jamra al-'Aqaba]] (the last jamara in Mina).<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 26.</ref> Throwing stones should be with the [[intention of Qurba]] and must be thrown one ofter another; So, if he throws several pebbles together, it is not enough, but it is counted as one.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 66-67.</ref> | ||
According to Shia jurisprudence, when a pilgrim is performing ramy al-Jamar it is [[mustahabb]] to turn his back to the [[Qibla]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 67.</ref> Of course, Hanbali and Malikis denominatons have considered it mustahabb to face the Qibla when doing ramy of Jamra al-'Aqaba.<ref> | According to Shia jurisprudence, when a pilgrim is performing ramy al-Jamar it is [[mustahabb]] to turn his back to the [[Qibla]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 67.</ref> Of course, Hanbali and Malikis denominatons have considered it mustahabb to face the Qibla when doing ramy of Jamra al-'Aqaba.<ref>Jazīrī, ''al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-arbaʿa'', vol. 1, p. 599-605; Ṭūsī, ''al-Khilāf'', vol. 1, p. 456; Sābiq, ''Fiqh al-Sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533; Ibn Qudāma, ''al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ibn Ḥanbal'', P. 1045-1046; Namirī al-Qurṭubī, ''Al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ahl al-Madīna'', p. 502.</ref> | ||
====Sacrifice==== | ====Sacrifice==== | ||
{{main|Sacrifice in hajj}} | {{main|Sacrifice in hajj}} | ||
It is obligatory for pilgrims to slaughter an animal in the way of God, as one of the rites of [[hajj]]. Sheep, cows, and camels are animals that can be sacrificed.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 67.</ref> The time of sacrifice is after [[Ramy al-Jamarat|ramy al-Jamrah al-'Aqaba]] and before [[Taqsir or Halq|halq or taqsir]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 68.</ref> But based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, the time of sacrifice is the day of [[Eid al-Adha|Eid al-Adha]] and two days after it.<ref> | It is obligatory for pilgrims to slaughter an animal in the way of God, as one of the rites of [[hajj]]. Sheep, cows, and camels are animals that can be sacrificed.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 67.</ref> The time of sacrifice is after [[Ramy al-Jamarat|ramy al-Jamrah al-'Aqaba]] and before [[Taqsir or Halq|halq or taqsir]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 68.</ref> But based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, the time of sacrifice is the day of [[Eid al-Adha|Eid al-Adha]] and two days after it.<ref>Jazīrī, ''al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-arbaʿa'', vol. 1, p. 587-588; Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 8, p. 252-258.</ref> | ||
The pilgrim can sacrifice the animal hisself, and he can delegate another person to sacrifice the animal on his behalf.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 69.</ref> | The pilgrim can sacrifice the animal hisself, and he can delegate another person to sacrifice the animal on his behalf.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 69.</ref> | ||
According to the majority of Shia jurists, in [[hajj al-tamattu']] it is obligatory for a pilgrim to make a sacrifice, regardless of whether he is [[Afaqi|afaqi]] or not;<ref>Ḥillī, ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām'', vol. 1, p. 619-620; Ḥillī, ''Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām'', Vol. 1, p. 234.</ref> but a small number of Shia jurists<ref> | According to the majority of Shia jurists, in [[hajj al-tamattu']] it is obligatory for a pilgrim to make a sacrifice, regardless of whether he is [[Afaqi|afaqi]] or not;<ref>Ḥillī, ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām'', vol. 1, p. 619-620; Ḥillī, ''Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām'', Vol. 1, p. 234.</ref> but a small number of Shia jurists<ref>Sarakhsī, ''al-Mabsūṭ'', Vol. 1, p. 308.</ref> and Sunni jurists<ref>Māwardī, ''al-Ḥāwī l-kabīr'', vol. 4, p. 50, Ibn Qudāma, ''al-Mughnī'', vol. 3, p. 501-502; Baghdādī, ''Irshād al-sālik'', vol. 1, p. 43.</ref> do not consider it obligatory for a pilgrim who is a Meccan to make a sacrifice. | ||
====Halq and Taqsir==== | ====Halq and Taqsir==== | ||
{{main|Halq or taqsir}} | {{main|Halq or taqsir}} | ||
"Halq" means shaving the hair of the head and "taqsir" means cutting some hair and nails.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 71.</ref> The time of this act is from sunrise to sunset on the day of Eid al-Adha and its place is [[Mina]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 72.</ref> for women and men who do not have hair on their head, it is obligatory to do taqsir{{enote|According to Hanafi jurisprudence, it is obligatory for men without hair to shave their heads. In the jurisprudence of other Sunni sects, this practice is considered recommended. ( | "Halq" means shaving the hair of the head and "taqsir" means cutting some hair and nails.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 71.</ref> The time of this act is from sunrise to sunset on the day of Eid al-Adha and its place is [[Mina]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 72.</ref> for women and men who do not have hair on their head, it is obligatory to do taqsir{{enote|According to Hanafi jurisprudence, it is obligatory for men without hair to shave their heads. In the jurisprudence of other Sunni sects, this practice is considered recommended. (Sābiq, ''Fiqh al-Sunna'', Vol. 1, p. 454.)}}. A person who is making pilgrimage for the first time must do halq<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 71-72.</ref> | ||
According to Shia jurists, halq or taqsir should be done on [[Eid al-Adha]] as a obligatory caution or as a recommended caution. However, based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, it can be delayed from the days of nahr{{enote|According to these three denominations, the days of nahr are Eid al-Adha and two days after that.}}<ref> | According to Shia jurists, halq or taqsir should be done on [[Eid al-Adha]] as a obligatory caution or as a recommended caution. However, based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, it can be delayed from the days of nahr{{enote|According to these three denominations, the days of nahr are Eid al-Adha and two days after that.}}<ref>Shahīd al-Thānī, ''Al-Rawḍa al-bahīyya'', vol. 1, p. 539-561; Sābiq, ''Fiqh al-Sunna'', Vol. 1, p. 40.</ref> | ||
===Tawaf of Hajj and Its Prayer=== | ===Tawaf of Hajj and Its Prayer=== | ||
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===Tawaf al-Nisa' and Its Prayer=== | ===Tawaf al-Nisa' and Its Prayer=== | ||
{{main|Tawaf al-Nisa}} | {{main|Tawaf al-Nisa}} | ||
[[Tawaf al-Nisa'|Tawaf al-nisa']] is seven rounds around the [[Ka'ba]], which is done with the intention of tawaf al-nisa'. After tawaf of al-nisa', its prayer should be recited behind the [[Maqam Ibrahim]]. Tawaf al-nisa and its prayer are like tawaf and tawaf prayer (except for the intention). Therefore, it starts from al-Hajar al-'Aswad and ends there.<ref> | [[Tawaf al-Nisa'|Tawaf al-nisa']] is seven rounds around the [[Ka'ba]], which is done with the intention of tawaf al-nisa'. After tawaf of al-nisa', its prayer should be recited behind the [[Maqam Ibrahim]]. Tawaf al-nisa and its prayer are like tawaf and tawaf prayer (except for the intention). Therefore, it starts from al-Hajar al-'Aswad and ends there.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 80.</ref> | ||
Sunni jurists do not consider the tawaf al-nisa' as obligatory and instead consider the [[tawaf al-wada']] as one of the obligatory or recommended rituals.<ref> | Sunni jurists do not consider the tawaf al-nisa' as obligatory and instead consider the [[tawaf al-wada']] as one of the obligatory or recommended rituals.<ref>Shīrāzī, ''al-Tanbīh'', Vol. l, p. 80; Nawawī, ''al-Majmūʿ'', vol. 8, p. 265-266.</ref> | ||
===Baytuta=== | ===Baytuta=== | ||
{{main|Baytuta}} | {{main|Baytuta}} | ||
Baytuta means "to stay the night in a place". It is obligatory for the hajj pilgrims to stay the 11th and 12th nights of Dhu l-Hijja from sunset to midnight with the [[qurba intention]] in [[Mina]]. Therefore, those who have gone to [[Mecca]] should return to Mina before sunset. According to the [[fatwa]] of some Shia jurists, hajj pilgrims can spend the first or second half of the night in Mina.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 74-75.</ref> However, according to Hanafi jurisprudence, it is [[mustahabb]] and leaving it is [[makruh]].<ref> | Baytuta means "to stay the night in a place". It is obligatory for the hajj pilgrims to stay the 11th and 12th nights of Dhu l-Hijja from sunset to midnight with the [[qurba intention]] in [[Mina]]. Therefore, those who have gone to [[Mecca]] should return to Mina before sunset. According to the [[fatwa]] of some Shia jurists, hajj pilgrims can spend the first or second half of the night in Mina.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 74-75.</ref> However, according to Hanafi jurisprudence, it is [[mustahabb]] and leaving it is [[makruh]].<ref>Murwārīd, ''al-Maṣādir al-fiqhīyya'', vol. 10, p. 278.</ref> | ||
The boundaries of Mina are marked with blue signs, on the outer part of which is written "bidayat Mina" (the beginning of Mina) and on the inner part it is written "nihayat Mina" (the end of Mina).<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref> | The boundaries of Mina are marked with blue signs, on the outer part of which is written "bidayat Mina" (the beginning of Mina) and on the inner part it is written "nihayat Mina" (the end of Mina).<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref> | ||
According to Shia jurisprudence,<ref> | According to Shia jurisprudence,<ref>Mughnīya, ''al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-khamsa'' , vol. 1, p. 406; Sābiq, ''Fiqh al-Sunna'', vol. 10, p. 534-535; Ṭūsī, ''al-Khilāf'', vol. 1, p. 461-462; Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 8, p. 358-359.</ref> those who stay the whole night in [[Mecca]] worshiping God until morning and do nothing except the necessary, it is not obligatory for them to go to Mina.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref> | ||
Those who have an excuse, can leave baytuta in Mina.<ref> | Those who have an excuse, can leave baytuta in Mina.<ref>Pīshiafard, ''Darāmadī bar fiqh-i muqārin'', p. 419.</ref> For example, patients, their nurses and those who find it difficult to stay in Mina can leave baytuta.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref> | ||
===Ramy al-Jamrat=== | ===Ramy al-Jamrat=== | ||
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* Hajj pilgrim should hit the jamara gradually, so if he/she hits several pebbles together, it is not enough, but one is counted.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 66-67.</ref> | * Hajj pilgrim should hit the jamara gradually, so if he/she hits several pebbles together, it is not enough, but one is counted.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 66-67.</ref> | ||
According to the Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali jurisprudence, it is obligatory to follow the order of the three Jamrat. Hanafis consider observing the order as mustahabb.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 8, p. 362; | According to the Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali jurisprudence, it is obligatory to follow the order of the three Jamrat. Hanafis consider observing the order as mustahabb.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 8, p. 362; Sābiq, ''Fiqh al-Sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533-534; Jazīrī, ''al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-arbaʿa'', vol. 1, p. 599-603</ref> | ||
It is recommended to be [[tahir]] while throwing stones and say [[takbir]] with every stone has throwed. It is recommended to throw the first and the middle jamara while facing the [[qibla]] and throwing at the last jamara with one's back to the qibla.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 78.</ref> | It is recommended to be [[tahir]] while throwing stones and say [[takbir]] with every stone has throwed. It is recommended to throw the first and the middle jamara while facing the [[qibla]] and throwing at the last jamara with one's back to the qibla.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 78.</ref> | ||
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{{References}} | {{References}} | ||
* Baghdādī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad al-. ''Irshād al-sālik ilā ashraf al-masālik''. Cairo: Maktaba wa Maṭbaʿa Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī wa Shurakā, [n.d]. | * Baghdādī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad al-. ''Irshād al-sālik ilā ashraf al-masālik''. Cairo: Maktaba wa Maṭbaʿa Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī wa Shurakā, [n.d]. | ||
* Fallāḥzāda, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj''. Tehran: Mash'ar, | * Fallāḥzāda, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj''. Tehran: Mash'ar, 1389Sh. | ||
* Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Muḥsin al-. ''Al-Maḥajjat al-bayḍāʾ fī tahdhīb al-aḥyāʾ''. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, | * Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Muḥsin al-. ''Al-Maḥajjat al-bayḍāʾ fī tahdhīb al-aḥyāʾ''. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1403AH. | ||
* Fikrī, Masʿūd; ʿAlāʾī, Aḥmad. ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra''. Tehran: Mashʿar, | * Fikrī, Masʿūd; ʿAlāʾī, Aḥmad. ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1393Sh. | ||
* Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿīyya ʿalā madhhab al-Imāmīyya''. Edited by Ibrāhīm Bahādurī. Qom: Muʾassisat Imām al-Ṣādiq, | * Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿīyya ʿalā madhhab al-Imāmīyya''. Edited by Ibrāhīm Bahādurī. Qom: Muʾassisat Imām al-Ṣādiq, 1420AH. | ||
* Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ''. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt, | * Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ''. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt, 1414AH. | ||
* Ḥillī, Jaʿfar b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām fī masāʾil al-ḥalāl wa l-ḥarām''. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAlī Baqqāl. Second edition. Qom: Muʾassisa-yi Ismāʿīlīyān, | * Ḥillī, Jaʿfar b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām fī masāʾil al-ḥalāl wa l-ḥarām''. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAlī Baqqāl. Second edition. Qom: Muʾassisa-yi Ismāʿīlīyān, 1408AH. | ||
*Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Mughnī''. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, [n.d]. | *Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Mughnī''. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, [n.d]. | ||
*Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ibn Ḥanbal (al-fiqh al- Ḥanbalī), al-maṣādir al-fiqhīyya''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422 AH. | *Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ibn Ḥanbal (al-fiqh al- Ḥanbalī), al-maṣādir al-fiqhīyya''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422 AH. | ||
* | *Jazīrī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-. ''Al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-arbaʿa''. Istanbul: 1404AH/1984. | ||
* | *Kāshānī, ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn b. Masʿūd al-. ''Badāʾiʿ al-sanāʾiʿ (al-fiqh al-Ḥanbalī)''. Beirut: al-Maṣādir al-Fiqhīyya, 1422AH. | ||
* | *Khomeinī, Sayyid Rūḥullāh. ''Manāsik-i ḥajj bā ḥawāshi-yi marājiʿ''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1385Sh. | ||
* | *Marghīnānī, ʿAlī b. Abī Bakr al-. ''Al-Hidāya (al-fiqh al-Ḥanafī)''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422AH. | ||
* | *Māwardī, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. ''Al-Ḥāwī l-kabīr fī fiqh al-madhhab al-Imām al-Shāfiʿī''. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al- ʿIlmīyya, 1414AH. | ||
* '' | *''Miṣbāḥ al-sharīʿa wa miftāḥ al-ḥaqīqa''. Attributed to Imam Sadiq (a), Tehran: Anjuman-i Islāmī-yi Ḥikmat wa Falsafa-yi Iran, 1360Sh. | ||
* | *Miṣrī al-Muzanī, Ismāʿīl b. Yaḥyā al-. ''Mukhtaṣar al-Muzanī (al-fiqh al-Shāfiʿī)''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422AH. | ||
* | *Mughnīya, Muḥammad Jawād al-. ''Al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-khamsa'' (al-Jaʿfarī, al-Ḥanafī, al-Mālikī, al-Shāfiʿī, al-Ḥanbalī). Qom: Muʾassisat Dār al-Kitāb al-Islāmī, 1432AH. | ||
* | *Muḥammadī Reyshahrī, Muḥammad. ''Ḥajj wa ʿumra dar Qurān wa ḥadīth''. Translated by Jawād Muḥaddithī, Qom: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1386Sh. | ||
* | *Murwārīd, ʿAlī Aṣghar .''Al-Maṣādir al-fiqhīyya''. Beirut: Dār al-Turāth, 1419AH. | ||
* | *Najafī, Muḥammad Ḥasan al-. ''Jawāhir al-kalām fī sharḥ sharāʾiʿ al-Islām''. Qom: Muʾassisat Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-Fiqh al-Islāmī, 1421AH. | ||
* | *Namirī al-Qurṭubī, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh al-.''Al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ahl al-Madīna (al-fiqh al-Mālikī)''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422AH. | ||
* | *Nawawī, Yaḥya b. Sharaf. ''Al-Majmūʿ, sharḥ al-muhadhdhab''. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, [n.d]. | ||
* | *Pīshiafard, Muṣṭafā Jaʿfar .''Darāmadī bar fiqh-i muqārin''. Tehran: Biʿtha-yi Maqām -i Muʿaẓẓam-i Rahbarī, 1388Sh. | ||
* | *Qāḍīʿaskar, ʿAlī. ''Ḥajj dar andīsha-yi Islāmī''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1384Sh. | ||
* | *Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1413AH. | ||
* | *Sarakhsī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Sahl al-. ''Al-Mabsūṭ''. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1414AH. | ||
* | * Sābiq, al-Sayyid al-. ''Fiqh al-Sunna''. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr 1419AH. | ||
* | *Shahīd al-Thānī, Zayn al-Dīn b. ʿAlī al-. ''Al-Rawḍa al-bahīyya fī sharḥ al-lumʿat al-Dimashqīyya''. Qom: Majmaʿ al-Fikr al-Islāmī, [n.d]. | ||
* | *Shīrāzī, Ibrāhīm b. ʿAlī al-. ''Al-Tanbīh fī al-fiqh al-Shāfiʿī''. ʿĀlam al-Kutub. | ||
* | *Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Al-Khilāf''. Edited by ʿAlī Khurāsānī et.al. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1407 AH. | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
[[fa:اعمال حج تمتع]] | [[fa:اعمال حج تمتع]] | ||
[[category: Rites of hajj]] | [[category: Rites of hajj]] | ||