Imam 'Ali Mosque (Manakhah)

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Imam 'Ali Mosque (a) is one of the historical mosques of Medina built on the site of the Muṣallā of the Prophet (s). The Muṣallā was an open space where the Prophet and the people of Medina performed the 'Eid al-Adha and 'Eid al-Fitr prayers. This mosque is located in the Manakhah district, west of al-Masjid al-Nabawi. According to reports, Imam 'Ali (a) performed the 'Eid prayer at this location when 'Uthman b. 'Affan was besieged by his opponents.

Geographical Location

The 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a) Mosque, al-Muṣallā Mosque, and Abu Bakr Mosque are three mosques known as the Muṣallā mosques of the Prophet in the Manakhah district. These mosques are located close to each other, west of al-Masjid al-Nabawi.^[1] The Imam 'Ali Mosque is located north of al-Muṣallā Mosque and Abu Bakr Mosque, and is 122 meters from al-Muṣallā Mosque, 80 meters from Abu Bakr Mosque, and 290 meters from al-Masjid al-Nabawi.^[2]

According to al-Samhudi (d. 911/1505), the historian of Medina, these mosques were built in places where the Prophet Muhammad (s) used to perform 'Eid prayers. These places were not originally mosques but rather open spaces or deserts, which were later converted into mosques.^[3]

Etymology

According to some narrations, when 'Uthman was besieged in his house by his opponents, Imam 'Ali (a) performed the 'Eid prayer at the site of this mosque. According to some historians of Medina, this report is the reason for the naming of this mosque.^[4] They have emphasized that Imam 'Ali (a) and the caliphs only performed 'Eid prayers in the prayer grounds of the Prophet (s); therefore, the 'Ali b. Abi Talib Mosque was also one of the Muṣallās of the Prophet.^[5]

History of the Mosque's Construction

According to al-Samhudi, this mosque was first built during the time of 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz (r. 87-93/706-712); however, it later disappeared, and its location became the burial place for some pilgrims who died during the Hajj season. In 881/1476, Zayn al-Din Dighm Mansuri, the Amir of Medina, rebuilt it.^[6]

'Ali b. Musa mentioned this mosque in 1303/1885 as a mosque with one minaret.^[7] Ibrahim Rifa'at Pasha also referred to this mosque during his journey in 1318/1900.^[8]

Reconstruction of the Mosque in the Thirteenth Lunar Century

An inscription, which according to a report was on the mosque's wall until the early twentieth century CE, contained verses indicating that this mosque was rebuilt in 1269/1852 (during the reign of Sultan 'Abd al-Majid I of the Ottoman Empire).^[9] This building, before its reconstruction in 1411/1991, looked like this:

وسط|بی‌قاب|593x593px|جایگزین=A view of the 1269 AH building

1991 CE Reconstruction

The Imam 'Ali Mosque in Manakhah was completely demolished in 1411/1991 due to dilapidation and then rebuilt in its original form and architecture.^[10] A women's prayer area and restrooms were added to it.^[11] In 1429/2009, repairs were also carried out in this mosque.^[11] وسط|بی‌قاب|500px|View of the 'Ali b. Abi Talib Mosque after the 1991 reconstruction.

Features of the Mosque Building

The Imam 'Ali (a) Mosque has a rectangular shape. On the north side, there is an open courtyard, and on the south side, there is a portico (roofed section) with seven domes, the largest of which is the mihrab dome. This portico is 30 meters long and 6 meters wide, and its doors open to the mosque's courtyard. This mosque also has a minaret located in its southeastern corner.^[12]

Gallery

The image below shows the distance of the Muṣallā mosques to one of the corners of the current al-Masjid al-Nabawi building.

جایگزین=Muṣallā mosques in Manakhah|وسط|بی‌قاب|593x593پیکسل

Footnotes

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References

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Ma'alim al-Madinah al-Munawwarah bayn al-'Imarah wa l-Tarikh, 'Abd al-'Aziz Ka'ki, Beirut, Dar Maktabat al-Hilal, 2007.
Wafa' al-Wafa' bi Akhbar Dar al-Mustafa, 'Ali b. 'Abd Allah al-Samhudi, corrected by Qasim al-Samarra'i, London, al-Furqan, 2001 CE.
'al-Ta'rif bi ma Anasat al-Hijrah, Jamal al-Din Muhammad b. Ahmad al-Matari, corrected by Sulayman al-Ruhayli, Riyadh, Idarat al-Malik 'Abd al-'Aziz, 1426 AH.
Masajid al-Athariyyah fi al-Madinah al-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad Ilyas 'Abd al-Ghani, Medina, Publisher: Author.
Wasf al-Madinah al-Munawwarah
al-Madinah al-Munawwarah Tatawwuruha al-'Imrani wa Turathuha al-Mi'mari, Salih La'mi Mustafa, Beirut, Dar al-Nahdah al-'Arabiyyah, 1981
Mir'at al-Haramayn, Ibrahim Rifa'at Pasha,

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[1] Masajid al-Athariyyah, p. 223

[2] Masajid al-Athariyyah, p. 242; Ma'alim al-Madinah al-Munawwarah bayn al-'Imarah wa l-Tarikh, vol. 1, p. 486.

[3] Wafa' al-Wafa', vol. 3, p. 122

[4] Wafa' al-Wafa', vol. 3, p. 121

[5] -Ta'rif bi ma Anasat al-Hijrah, p. 147

[6] Wafa' al-Wafa', vol. 3, p. 123

[7] Wasf al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, p. 17

[8] Mir'at al-Haramayn, vol. 1, p. 422

[9] -Madinah al-Munawwarah, p. 158; Ma'alim al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 4, part 1, p. 489

[10] Masajid al-Athariyyah, p. 243; Ma'alim al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 4, part 1, p. 490

[:0-11] 11.0 ^11.1 Ma'alim al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 4, part 1, p. 490

[12] Ma'alim al-Madinah al-Munawwarah bayn al-'Imarah wa l-Tarikh vol. 1 p. 490

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