User:Pourghorbani
- Translation of the Text:
- Masjid al-ʿUṣba (The Mosque of al-ʿUṣba)**
Masjid al-ʿUṣba is an ancient mosque in Medina, also known as Masjid al-Tawba (the Mosque of Repentance). It is located to the west of Masjid Quba in an area filled with farms and water wells. The structure of the mosque consists of a roofless square, approximately 11 meters in length and width, with stone walls about one meter high. It is reported that Prophet Muhammad (s) prayed within the vicinity of this mosque.
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- Prayer of the Prophet (s)
Historical sources mention that Prophet Muhammad (s) prayed at Masjid al-Tawba in ʿUṣba, near the Well of Hujaym.[1]
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- Location and Name of the Mosque
Masjid al-ʿUṣba derives its name from its location in the village of ʿUṣba. ʿUṣba is an area to the west of Masjid Quba[2] and was known for its farms and water wells.[1] It was also referred to as the fortress or stronghold of ʿUṣba.[3] This is the place where a group of migrants from Mecca stayed upon arriving in Quba before the arrival of the Prophet (s).[4]
In geographical sources about Medina, the name Masjid al-ʿUṣba is not mentioned; however, Masjid al-Tawba in ʿUṣba, near the Well of Hujaym, is referenced.[1][5] ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, a historian of Medina in the 8th century AH, explicitly stated that the reason for the name Masjid al-Tawba is unknown.[5] This area was inhabited by the Banī Jaḥjaba tribe, and for this reason, some have also called this mosque Masjid Banī Jaḥjaba.[6]
Some researchers of Medina’s history have identified this mosque with Masjid al-Nūr (the Mosque of Light), which was one of the mosques near Quba.[7] However, early sources do not equate these two mosques.[2]
Reports from the 15th century AH/20th century CE indicate that the mosque was located in the garden of Ibrāhīm al-Turkī, which was called Bustān al-ʿUṣba.[7]
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- History of the Mosque
There is no precise information about the construction date of the mosque. Some speculate that it was built during the rule of ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz over Medina.[8] There is no trace of this mosque in the 8th and 9th centuries AH, as noted by Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī (d. 741 AH) and ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī (d. 911 AH) in their discussions of mosques that are no longer known.[1][5] Muḥammad Kabrīt al-Madanī (1012–1070 AH) also confirmed in the 11th century that there was no trace of this mosque.[9] Aḥmad al-ʿAbbāsī (d. 11th century AH) mentioned the remains of the mosque near the Well of Hujaym.[10]
- The Current Structure
Today, the mosque consists of a roofless square, approximately 11 meters in length and width, with stone walls about one meter high, showing traces of whitewashing.[4]
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- Historical Images of the Mosque
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Existence of a roofed area in 1413 AH/1993 CE
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- Images of the Mosque’s Current Condition
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Renovation of the mosque’s walls -
Changes in the surrounding environment -
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Reconstruction of the mosque’s entrance -
Construction of a perimeter wall around the mosque -
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1. **Al-Jawāhir al-Thamīna fī Maʿālim al-Madīna**, Muḥammad Kabrīt al-Ḥusaynī al-Madanī, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1997 CE. 2. **ʿUmdat al-Akhbār fī Madīnat al-Mukhtār**, Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd al-ʿAbbāsī, edited by Muḥammad Ṭayyib al-Anṣārī, published by Asʿad Ṭarābuzūnī, Cairo, n.d. 3. **Al-Maghānim al-Muṭāba fī Maʿālim Ṭāba**, Fīrūzābādī, Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb, and Jāssir, Ḥamd. Riyadh - Saudi Arabia: Dār al-Yamāma lil-Baḥth wa al-Tarjama wa al-Nashr, 1389–1969. 4. **Masājid al-Athariyya**, Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd, Medina, 2nd edition, 1419 AH. 5. **Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra min maʿālim dār al-hijra**, Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī, edited by Sulaymān al-Raḥīlī, Riyadh: Dārat al-Malik ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, 1426 AH. 6. **Al-Madīna bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir**, Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAlī al-ʿAyyāshī, 1972 CE. 7. **Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh**, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Kaʿkī, part 4, Beirut, 2011. 8. **Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā**, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī, London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān lil-Turāth al-Islāmī, 2001 CE.
- ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra, al-Muṭrī, p. 217.
- ↑ Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 123.
- ↑ Al-Maghānim al-Muṭāba fī Maʿālim Ṭāba, Fīrūzābādī, p. 265.
- ↑ Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 124.; Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 3, pp. 229–230.
- ↑ Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 5.2 Wafāʾ al-Wafā, al-Samhūdī, vol. 3, p. 248.
- ↑ Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir, part 4, vol. 3, p. 228.
- ↑ Jump up to: 7.0 7.1 Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan, p. 209; Al-Madīna bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir, p. 302
- ↑ Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir, part 4, vol. 3, p. 228.
- ↑ Al-Jawāhir al-Thamīna fī Maḥāsin al-Madīna, p. 157
- ↑ ʿUmdat al-Akhbār, p. 175