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Pourghorbani

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Rātij Mosque (Ar: مسجد الراتج) is one of the mosques associated with the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe in the north of Medina. It currently does not exist, and only its boundaries or ruins remain.

Ratej was the name of a fortress belonging to the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe, and due to its fame, the area was also named Ratij. The Ratij Mosque was located next to this fortress. It is one of the mosques where the Prophet Muhammad (s) prayed within its boundaries and where Bilal al-Habashi called the adhan (call to prayer).

Location

Ratij Mosque was located in the old Ratij area, also known as Hisn Ratij. Today, there is no such name or area in Medina.[1] The current name of the area in question is Masani.[2] Which is entirely located within the lands and boundaries of the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe.[3] The place where Ratij Mosque was located is now on Uthman b. Affan Street, which is known to the people of Medina as Tariq al-'Uyun.[4] Ratij Mosque was located to the northeast of Mount Dhubab. Today, Masjid al-Rayah is located on this mountain.[5]

Names

The name of Ratej Mosque is derived from the Banu Ratej family, who are from the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe.[6] Ratij was the name of a fortress belonging to the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe.[7] And due to its fame, the area was also named Ratij.[8](8) And Ratij Mosque was also located next to this fortress.[9] And over time, other groups settled in the vicinity of the Ratij fortress.[10]

The building's history

The construction and demolition dates of Ratej Mosque are not clear. The mosque did not exist in the eighth and ninth centuries. Samhudi mentioned this mosque in a section discussing mosques whose precise locations are not known.[11] In the book "Al-Madina Between the Past and the Present" (published in 2013), Ibrahim b. Ali Ayyashi locates the vicinity of the mosque next to the Jassum Well to the south, where a large Ottoman communications center was built.[12] This building still remains to this day.[13] According to Ka'ki, a contemporary geographer of Medina, in 1992, the Municipality of Medina carried out renovation operations in this area.[14]

historical related events

Prayer of the prophet

According to some accounts, the Prophet Muhammad (s) prayed in this mosque.[15] And it's narrated that they drank from a well there called Jassum.[16] Also, Bilal al-Habashi called the Adhan (Islamic call to prayer) in this mosque.[17]

Digging of the trench

At the suggestion of the Prophet Muhammad, the area of digging the trench and its divisions were arranged in a way to confront the attack of the polytheists, starting from the area of Muzad, extending to Dhubab, and then ending near Ratij Mosque.[18] It has been reported that the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe dug trenches from the Ratej area to the vicinity of their homes.[19]

Related historical figures

One of the personalities from the residents of the Ratij fortress is Iyas b.Aus, who during the Battle of Badr was among those who proposed engaging in battle outside Medina to the esteemed Prophet Muhammad (s).[20]

Notes

  1. ↑ Kaʿkī, Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh, vol. 4, p. 179.
  2. ↑ ʿAyyāshī, Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir, p. 358.
  3. ↑ ʿAyyāshī, Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir, p. 359.
  4. ↑ Kaʿkī, Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh, vol. 4, p. 179.
  5. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā, vol. 3, p. 225.
  6. ↑ Kaʿkī, Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh, vol. 4, p. 178.
  7. ↑ Ḥimyarī,Al-Rawḍ al-miʿṭār fī khabar al-aqṭār, p. 266.
  8. ↑ Khiyārī, Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan, p. 36.
  9. ↑ Ṣabrī Pāshā, Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn, vol. 4, p. 706.
  10. ↑ Khiyārī, Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan, p. 44,51.
  11. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā, vol. 3, p. 224.
  12. ↑ ʿAyyāshī, Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir, p. 359.
  13. ↑ Kaʿkī, Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh, vol. 4, p. 181.
  14. ↑ Kaʿkī, Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh, vol. 4, p. 183.
  15. ↑ Shurrāb, Al- maʿālim al-ʾathīra fī al-sunna wa al-sīra, p. 262.
  16. ↑ Numīrī, Ibn Shubba. Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara, vol. 1, p. 69.
  17. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā, vol. 3, p. 861.
  18. ↑ Najafī,Madīna shināsī, vol. 2, p. 364.
  19. ↑ Wāqidī,Al-Maghāzī, vol. 2, p. 337.
  20. ↑ Wāqidī,Al-Maghāzī, vol. 1, p. 211.

References

  • ʿAyyāshī, Ibrāhīm .Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir. Medina: al-Maktab al-ʿilmīyya, 1972.
  • Ḥimyarī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Munʿim al-. Al-Rawḍ al-miʿṭār fī khabar al-aqṭār. Beirut, Lebanon: Maktabat Lubnān, 1984.
  • Kaʿkī, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa l-tārīkh, part 1: al-Maʿālim al-Ṭabīʿīyya, vol. 1: al-Jibāl, Beirut: Muʾallif, 1419AH.
  • Khiyārī, Sayyid Aḥmad Yāsīn.Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan. Riyadh: al-Amāna alʿāmma li-liḥtifāl miʾat ʿām ʿalā tʾsīs al-mamlika al- ʿarabiyya al-suʿūdiyya, 1419 AH/1999.
  • Najafī, Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. Madīna shināsī. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1387 sh.
  • Numīrī, Ibn Shubba. Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara. Edited by Fahīm Muḥammad Shaltūt. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1380 sh.
  • Ṣabrī Pāshā, Ayyūb. Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn. Cairo: Shirkat al-Dawlīyya li-l-Ṭibāʿa, 2004.
  • Samhūdī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā. Edited by Muḥammad Muḥyi al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: 1984.
  • Shurrāb Muḥammad Muḥammad b. Ḥasan. Al- maʿālim al-ʾathīra fī al-sunna wa al-sīra. Beirut: Dār al-Qalam, 1411AH.
  • Wāqidī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-. Al-Maghāzī. Edited by Marsden Jones. Beirut: Muʾassisa al-Aʿlām, 1409 AH.
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