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Fatima’s house or room, the house where lady Fatima(a), the daughter of the Prophet Muḥammad (a) lived after marrying Imām ʿAlī(a) and was located next to Masjid al-Nabī and next to the house of the Prophet and ʿĀʾisha. This house has been destroyed today and its current location is inside Masjid al-Nabī and within the area of the Prophet's(a) chamber and shrine.

In the historical sources, another house is also mentioned in Medina next to the Baqīʿ cemetery for Imām ʿAlī(a). There is a different opinion about whether the events after the death of the Prophet took place in the house of Fatima or in the second house of Imām ʿAlī(a).

Fatima's house in Masjid al-Nabī is one of the possible burial places of lady Fatima.

location

The house of Fatima(a), which is also known as the house of Imām ʿAlī(a), was located behind the house of the Prophet(a) (the house of ʿĀʾisha).[1] Behind this house from the north direction, there was the Tahajjud pillar[2] and next to that column there was the Tahajjud Miḥrāb,[3] where Prophet Muḥammad (a) used to spend the night in that place and pray at night, [4] and now it is the north side of the prophet's.[5] If someone stands in the Miḥrāb of Tahjjud, ‌‌Bāb-i Gibraʾīl is on his left.[6] and the of Maqām-i Gibraʾīl is on his right.[7]

This house was destroyed and now there is no trace of it. Its current location is inside the Prophet's(a) chamber and shrine[8] the sum of these two is called the Holy Chamber and its area is about 240 square meters.[9]

The doors of the house

Fatima's house had two doors: a door to the east; that is to the alley, and a door to the west; That is, inside the mosque and parallel to the pillar of wufūd and Ḥirs.[10] The door on the west side, which opens to the mosque, was located next to Maqām-i Gibraʾīl (The square pillar of the tomb).[11]The door that is now known as the door of Fatima's house on the side of ‌‌Bāb-i Gibraʾīl is the same door that opened to the alley.[12]

Demolition of Fatima's house and adding it to the mosque

This house remained until the time of Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik, the ʾUmayya caliph (R: 86-96 AH/705-714-5 AD). In the expansion of Masjid al-Nabī in the year 88 AH/706-7 AD by the order of Walīd and by the hand of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAziz, the governor of the Two Holy Mosques (87-93 AH/705-6 - 711-2 AD), Ḥasan al-Muthannā, the son of Imam Ḥasan Mujtabā(a), and Fatima, the daughter of Imam Ḥusayn(a), who lived there were forced out of it and the house was destroyed and then the house joined to the mosque.[13]

Prophet's room Main article:Prophet's room The Prophet's(a) room, which is also known as the al-sharīfa room, is the house where the Prophet and ʿĀʾisha lived. This room was next to Masjid al-Nabī and next to Fatima's house. Prophet Muḥammad (a) was buried in this house. The dignity of the house of Fatima According to a tradition, the Prophet (PBUH) used to come to the door of Fatimah’s house for forty days and put his hand on the door frame and say: “Peace be upon you, O people of the house; Peace be upon you, O Ahl al-Bayt” and then reads the verse of purification, which is about the purity of the Ahl al-Bayt from impurity. [14. Samhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā. Vol.2 p46. wāʾiẓ khargūshī, ʿAbdu l- Malik. Sharaf al- Muṣṭafā. Vol 2.p445] The narration of Sadwa al-Abab is also considered as one of the signs of the dignity of the house of Ali and Fatima (a.s.) and its residents. According to this narration, the Prophet (PBUH) ordered to close the doors of the houses that opened to the mosque, except the house of Ali (PBUH) and Fatima (PBUH).[15.Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa’vol 2.p205.’ Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ‘’Al-Rawḍa min al-kāfī’’vol 5p.340. Samhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā vol 2.p63,67] Also, based on a narration from the Prophet (PBUH), the house of Fatima is considered the best example of the houses mentioned in verse 36 of Surah Noor; There are houses in which God’s name is mentioned and the glorification of God is said in the morning and in the evening.[16.*Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān’’vol7.p227 .Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ‘’Biḥār al-anwār’’.vol23.p325.Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ‘’Mir’āt al-‘uqūl’’vol5.p68] This house is one of the places where it is believed that Hazrat Fatimah (PBUH) was buried.[17.Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ‘’Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh’’vol 2.p572 .Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Tahdhīb al-aḥkāmvol.6.p.9’’Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. ‘’Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna p.208’’]

Notes

  1. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna, p. 203; Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām, p. 270.
  2. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 47,58; Ansārī, Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i Nabawī, p. 81; Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām, p. 270.
  3. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 47.
  4. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 47.
  5. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, p. 219.
  6. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 47; Ansārī, Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i Nabawī, p. 81; Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām, p. 270.
  7. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, p. 228-229.
  8. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, p. 203,210; Baṣīrī, Gulwāzhihāy-i ḥajj wa ʿumrah, p. 412.
  9. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, p. 219; Baṣīrī, Gulwāzhihāy-i ḥajj wa ʿumrah, p. 412.
  10. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna, p. 203; Najmī, Tārīkh-i ḥarām-i aʾimma-yi Baqīʿ, p. 152.
  11. ↑ Ansārī, Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i nabawī, p. 80,81; Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, vol. 2, p. 46,57.
  12. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna, p. 203.
  13. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 89-90.

References

  • Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ‘’Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna’’. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 Sh.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ‘’Biḥār al-anwār’’. Second edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
  • Najmī, Muḥammad Ṣādiq. ‘’Tārīkh-i ḥarām-i aʾimma-yi Baqīʿ wa āthār-i digār dar madīna-yi munawwara’’. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 Sh.
  • Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ‘’Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām wa al-Madīna al-sharīfa wa al-qabr al-sharīf’’. Edited by al-ʿAdwī, Mecca: Maktabat al-tijārīyya Muṣṭafā Aḥmad al-Bāz. 1416 AH.
  • Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. ‘’Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna’’. 4th edition. Qom: Nashr-i Mashʿar, 1381 Sh
  • Ansārī, Nājī Muḥammad Ḥasan ʿabdu l-qādir al-. Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i nabawī. Translated by ʿAbdu l- Muḥammad, Āyatī, Tehran: Mashʿar, 1385 sh.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Tahdhīb al-aḥkām’’. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH.
  • wāʾiẓ khargūshī, ʿAbdu l- Malik. Sharaf al- Muṣṭafā. Mecca: Dār al-Bashāʾir, 1424 AH.
  • Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad b. Manīʿ al-Ḥāshimī al-Baṣrī. ‘’Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā’’. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya,1410AH-1990.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ‘’Al-Rawḍa min al-kāfī’’. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: 1389 AH
  • Baṣīrī, ʿAlī Riḍā. Gulwāzhihāy-i ḥajj wa ʿumrah. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1387 sh.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān’’. Edited by Muḥammad Jawād Balāghī. 3rd edition. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Nāṣir Khusraw, 1372 Sh.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ‘’Mir’āt al-‘uqūl’’. Edited by Rasūlī Maḥallātī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1404 AH.
  • Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ‘’Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh’’. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Qom: Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1413 AH.
  • Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa’’. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt, 1414 AH.
  • Samhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā’’. Edited by Muḥammad Muḥyi al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: 1984.
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