Secrets of Wuquf in Arafat: Difference between revisions
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{{main|Wuquf at 'Arafat}} Wuquf (staying) in Arafat is the second obligatory act of [[Hajj]]<ref>''Farhang-e Estelahat-e Hajj va Omreh'' (Dictionary of Hajj and Umrah Terms), p. 275.</ref> during which, according to [[Shia]] jurisprudence, the pilgrim remains in [[Arafat]] on the [[Day of Arafa]] from noon until the canonical sunset.<ref>See: ''Manasek-e Hajj'' (Hajj Rituals), pp. 451-452.</ref> This Wuquf, to the extent that staying there (even for a short duration) is fulfilled, is also counted among the [[pillars of Hajj]].<ref>See: ''Manasek-e Hajj'', pp. 450-451.</ref> Backgrounds for [[Wuquf in Arafat]] have been reported from the pre-Islamic era.<ref name=":0">''Hajj dar Andisheh-ye Eslami'' (Hajj in Islamic Thought), p. 234, citing: ''Akhbar-e Makkah'', Azraqi, Vol. 1, p. 117.</ref> Followers of religions that considered [[Hajj]] obligatory would perform Wuquf in Arafat during their pilgrimages in all eras. In the [[Age of Ignorance]] (Jahiliyyah), a group of the [[Jurhum]] tribe would also perform Wuquf in Arafat, following the tradition of [[Abraham (a)]].<ref name=":03">''Hajj dar Andisheh-ye Eslami'', p. 234, citing: ''Akhbar-e Makkah'', Azraqi, Vol. 1, p. 117.</ref> Some tribes of [[Quraysh]] and the [[inhabitants of Mecca]] refrained from performing Wuquf in Arafat.<ref name=":03" /> | {{main|Wuquf at 'Arafat}} Wuquf (staying) in Arafat is the second obligatory act of [[Hajj]]<ref>''Farhang-e Estelahat-e Hajj va Omreh'' (Dictionary of Hajj and Umrah Terms), p. 275.</ref> during which, according to [[Shia]] jurisprudence, the pilgrim remains in [[Arafat]] on the [[Day of Arafa]] from noon until the canonical sunset.<ref>See: ''Manasek-e Hajj'' (Hajj Rituals), pp. 451-452.</ref> This Wuquf, to the extent that staying there (even for a short duration) is fulfilled, is also counted among the [[pillars of Hajj]].<ref>See: ''Manasek-e Hajj'', pp. 450-451.</ref> Backgrounds for [[Wuquf in Arafat]] have been reported from the pre-Islamic era.<ref name=":0">''Hajj dar Andisheh-ye Eslami'' (Hajj in Islamic Thought), p. 234, citing: ''Akhbar-e Makkah'', Azraqi, Vol. 1, p. 117.</ref> Followers of religions that considered [[Hajj]] obligatory would perform Wuquf in Arafat during their pilgrimages in all eras. In the [[Age of Ignorance]] (Jahiliyyah), a group of the [[Jurhum]] tribe would also perform Wuquf in Arafat, following the tradition of [[Abraham (a)]].<ref name=":03">''Hajj dar Andisheh-ye Eslami'', p. 234, citing: ''Akhbar-e Makkah'', Azraqi, Vol. 1, p. 117.</ref> Some tribes of [[Quraysh]] and the [[inhabitants of Mecca]] refrained from performing Wuquf in Arafat.<ref name=":03" /> | ||
Fasting,<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'' (Textbook of Hajj Rituals), p. 59.</ref> [[repentance]],<ref>''Misbah al-Shari'ah'', p. 92; ''al-Mahajjah al-Bayda'', Vol. 2, p. 207.</ref> and reciting [[supplications]] such as the [[Dua | Fasting,<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'' (Textbook of Hajj Rituals), p. 59.</ref> [[repentance]],<ref>''Misbah al-Shari'ah'', p. 92; ''al-Mahajjah al-Bayda'', Vol. 2, p. 207.</ref> and reciting [[supplications]] such as the [[Dua Arafa of Imam Hussain (text)|Dua Arafa]] by [[Imam Hussain (a)]]<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'', p. 60.</ref> and the [[Dua 'Arafa of Imam Sajjad|Dua Arafa]] by [[Imam Sajjad (a)]]<ref>''Hajj va Omreh dar Quran va Hadith'' (Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith), p. 392.</ref> are among the recommended acts and etiquettes of the stay in Arafat. Among the etiquettes of being in Arafat are "performing the Dhuhr and Asr prayers at the beginning of their time, with one [[Adhan and Iqamah|Adhan]] and two [[Adhan and Iqamah|Iqamahs]]"<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'', p. 59.</ref> and the "necessity of outward purity"<ref>''Da'a'im al-Islam'', Vol. 1, p. 320.</ref> and "inward purity."<ref>''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 66; ''al-Faqih'', Vol. 2, p. 211.</ref>{{enote|Imam Sadiq (a) has said: "It is not proper to perform Wuquf in Arafat without purity."}} | ||
=== Importance of Wuquf in Arafat === | === Importance of Wuquf in Arafat === | ||
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=== Forgiveness of Sins === | === Forgiveness of Sins === | ||
One of the secrets of gathering in this land is that the presence of the general public, even sinners, alongside the saints of God, causes everyone to be covered by divine mercy through the blessing of their presence<ref>''Partovi az Mash'al-e Hedayat: Asrar va Ma'aref-e Hajj'' (A Glimpse of the Torch of Guidance: Secrets and Knowledge of Hajj), p. 22; ''Wafi'', Vol. 2, p. 42.</ref> and for everyone's prayers to be accepted.<ref>''al-Muraqabat'', Vol. 2, p. 225.</ref> According to traditions, the stay in Arafat is a special time and place for the forgiveness of sins<ref>''al-Faqih'', Vol. 2, p. 211; ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 541, H. 7; ''Da'a'im al-Islam'', Vol. 2, p. 294; ''al-Sunan al-Kubra'', Vol. 5, p. 192; ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 66.</ref> and is the same time and place where the repentance of [[Adam (Prophet)|Adam (a)]] was accepted.<ref>''Wasa'il al-Shia'', Vol. 13, p. 550; ''Ilal al-Shara'i'', Vol. 2, p. 400.</ref> According to some traditions, Satan makes a greater effort to mislead humans on the Day of | One of the secrets of gathering in this land is that the presence of the general public, even sinners, alongside the saints of God, causes everyone to be covered by divine mercy through the blessing of their presence<ref>''Partovi az Mash'al-e Hedayat: Asrar va Ma'aref-e Hajj'' (A Glimpse of the Torch of Guidance: Secrets and Knowledge of Hajj), p. 22; ''Wafi'', Vol. 2, p. 42.</ref> and for everyone's prayers to be accepted.<ref>''al-Muraqabat'', Vol. 2, p. 225.</ref> According to traditions, the stay in Arafat is a special time and place for the forgiveness of sins<ref>''al-Faqih'', Vol. 2, p. 211; ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 541, H. 7; ''Da'a'im al-Islam'', Vol. 2, p. 294; ''al-Sunan al-Kubra'', Vol. 5, p. 192; ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 66.</ref> and is the same time and place where the repentance of [[Adam (Prophet)|Adam (a)]] was accepted.<ref>''Wasa'il al-Shia'', Vol. 13, p. 550; ''Ilal al-Shara'i'', Vol. 2, p. 400.</ref> According to some traditions, Satan makes a greater effort to mislead humans on the Day of Arafa; therefore, seeking refuge in God on this day is recommended.<ref>''al-Tahdhib'', Vol. 5, p. 182; ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 463.</ref> Some traditions also consider the descent of divine mercy as the cause of Satan's despair on the [[Day of Arafa]].<ref>''Kashf al-Asrar'', Vol. 1, p. 525.</ref> | ||
=== Preparation for Entering the Haram === | === Preparation for Entering the Haram === | ||
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=== Confronting Satan === | === Confronting Satan === | ||
Based on some recommendations, greater vigilance against Satan's temptations is necessary in Arafat; the secret of this advice is stated as follows: Arafat is one of the best places for turning toward God and seeking forgiveness,<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Pishdaramadi bar Farhangnameh-ye Asrar va Ma'aref-e Hajj'' (A Textbook Introduction to the Encyclopedia of Secrets and Knowledge of Hajj), p. 199.</ref> and as some traditions explicitly state, Satan makes a greater effort to mislead humans on the Day of | Based on some recommendations, greater vigilance against Satan's temptations is necessary in Arafat; the secret of this advice is stated as follows: Arafat is one of the best places for turning toward God and seeking forgiveness,<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Pishdaramadi bar Farhangnameh-ye Asrar va Ma'aref-e Hajj'' (A Textbook Introduction to the Encyclopedia of Secrets and Knowledge of Hajj), p. 199.</ref> and as some traditions explicitly state, Satan makes a greater effort to mislead humans on the Day of Arafa; therefore, seeking refuge in God on this day is recommended.<ref>''al-Tahdhib'', Vol. 5, p. 182; ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 463.</ref> The reason for Satan's despair on the Day of 'Arafa is considered to be the outpouring of divine mercy upon those present.<ref>''Kashf al-Asrar'', Vol. 1, p. 525.</ref> | ||
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