AbuTalib: Difference between revisions

and his mother, Fatimah bint ʿAmr ibn ʿĀʾidh ibn ʿImrān, was from the Banu Makhzum tribe.<ref>Ibn Saʿd , "Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā",vol. 1,p. 92; al-Balādhurī, "Ansāb al-Ashrāf" ,vol. 2,p. 288.</ref>

Historians mention, regarding Abu Talib and his wife Fatimah bint Asad, that…<ref>Ibn Saʿd , "Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā",vol. 1,p.121-122 .  / vol. 8, p. 48; Aḥmad ibn Yaʿqūb," Tārīkh al-Yāʿqūbī" ,vol. 2, p. 14.

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and his daughter was Umm Hani.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, "Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā",vol. 1, p. 122. /vol. 8,p. 151.</ref>

Jumanah and Raytah,<ref>Ibn Saʿd , "Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā",vol. 1, p. 122. /vol. 8, p. 48.</ref> They were their names. Some have said that he also had a son named Tulayq from another wife named ʿAllah.<ref>Ibn Saʿd , "Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā",vol. 1,p. 122. /vol. 8, p. 48.</ref>

Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf, Abu Talib’s grandfather, was responsible for hosting and providing for the pilgrims (provision of water and hospitality) in the city of [[Mecca]].<ref>al-Balādhurī ," Ansāb al-Ashrāf  " ,vol. 1, p. 64.</ref>

After Hāshim, his son ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib<ref>Ibn Hishām , "Al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah" ,vol. 1, P. 109; Aḥmad ibn Yaʿqūb," Tārīkh al-Yāʿqūbī" ,vol. 2, p. 13.</ref> and after him, his son Abu Talib held this responsibility for three years.<ref>al-Balādhurī ," Ansāb al-Ashrāf  " ,vol. 1, p. 64.</ref>

The Prophet(s) was 25 years old at that time, and the dispute over the placement of the Black Stone occurred during this incident.<ref>Aḥmad ibn Yaʿqūb," Tārīkh al-Yāʿqūbī" ,vol. 2, p.19.</ref>

According to a hadith from Imam Ali (AS), despite his poverty, Abu Talib was the chief of the Quraysh, and before him, no poor person had ever led the Quraysh.<ref>Aḥmad ibn Yaʿqūb," Tārīkh al-Yāʿqūbī" ,vol. 2, p. 14.</ref>

His magnanimity was well-known among the Quraysh.

This tradition continued in Islam as well.<ref>Ibn Abī al-Ḥadīd ,  "Sharḥ Nahj al-Balāghah" ,vol. 15, p. 219.</ref>

Abu Talib was famous for his generosity.<ref>al-Balādhurī ," Ansāb al-Ashrāf  " ,vol. 2, p. 288.</ref>

He was also a talented and prominent poet.<ref>Ibn Abī al-Ḥadīd ,  "Sharḥ Nahj al-Balāghah" ,vol. 15, p. 219.</ref>

His poetry in the early Islamic centuries was admired and frequently cited by renowned poets and literary figures.<ref>Sībawayh ,  "Al-Kitāb", vol. 3, p. 260-261; al-Jāḥiẓ , "Al-Bayān wa al-Tabyīn" ,vol. 3, p. 30.</ref>

He composed a poem in support of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH), which became famous as the Lamiyyah Qasida<ref>al-Mufīd. , "Īmān Abī Ṭālib", p. 18.</ref> The poems of Abu Talib were compiled by Abu Heffan Mahzami (3rd century AH) under the title Diwan Abu Talib.<ref>Abū Hufān and al-Baṣrī ," Abu Talib Diwān," p. 37/46.</ref>

Abu Talib passed away in the month of Dhu al-Qi'dah or mid-month of Shawwal in the tenth year of the Prophethood, at the age of 86, and according to one report, at the age of 90.<ref>Ibn Saʿd , "Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā",vol. 1,p. 125; Aḥmad ibn Yaʿqūb," Tārīkh al-Yāʿqūbī" ,vol. 2, p. 35.</ref>

And like his father, Abdul Muttalib.<ref>Ibn Saʿd , "Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā",vol. 1,p. 119.</ref>

In the seventh year, when he learned of the Quraysh’s plan to kill the Prophet, he composed a poem with the following meaning: “By God! The Quraysh cannot reach you unless I am lying in the grave.”<ref>Aḥmad ibn Yaʿqūb," Tārīkh al-Yāʿqūbī" ,vol. 2, p. 31.</ref>

Main article: Sha‘b Abu Talib

In the seventh year of the Prophethood, after the economic boycott of the Muslims by the Quraysh, Banu Hashim and other Muslims were forced to settle in the area of Sha‘b Abu Talib.<ref>Ibn Saʿd , "Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā",vol. 1,p. 208/209.</ref>

*  al-Zamakhsharī (d. 538 AH). Al-Kashshāf. Qom: Balāghat, 1415 AH.

*  Abū al-Faraj al-Asfahānī (d. 356 AH). Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn. Edited by Muẓaffar. Qom: Dār al-Kitāb, 1385 SH.