Al-Fath Mosque: Difference between revisions
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'''Al-Fath Mosque''' is one of the ancient mosques of [[Medina]]. The [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] set up his command tent during the [[Battle of the Trench]] on a part of [[Mount Sela']], which is the location of this mosque, situated to the northwest of [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]]. In this place, the Prophet (s) prayed. The mosque has existed since the first/seventh century, and until the second/eighth and third/ninth centuries, the spot where the Prophet (s) prayed was marked with a pillar inside the | '''Al-Fath Mosque''' is one of the ancient mosques of [[Medina]]. The [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] set up his command tent during the [[Battle of the Trench]] on a part of [[Mount Sela']], which is the location of this mosque, situated to the northwest of [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]]. In this place, the Prophet (s) prayed. The mosque has existed since the first/seventh century, and until the second/eighth and third/ninth centuries, the spot where the Prophet (s) prayed was marked with a pillar inside the mosque's courtyard. | ||
== Location == | == Location == | ||
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== Origin and Names == | == Origin and Names == | ||
The | The Prophet's command tent during the [[Battle of the Trench]] was located at the site of this mosque,<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=900 ''Mawsū'at Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-'Arab'', vol. 4, p. 900.]</ref> and thus it came to be known as al-Ahzāb Mosque. It was here that the Prophet prayed to God to defeat the “Ahzab.”<ref>''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'', vol. 3, p. 234.</ref><ref name=":0" /> The Prophet prayed for three days, and on Wednesday, after the supplication was answered, signs of joy appeared on his face.<ref>''al-Istidhkār'', vol. 2, p. 534.</ref> The spot where the Prophet (s) prayed was marked with a pillar in the mosque's courtyard during the second/eighth and third/ninth centuries.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:تاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=60 ''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara'', p. 60.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:اخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=142 ''Akhbār al-Madīna'', b. Zubāla, p. 142.]</ref> | ||
It is narrated that the Prophet (s) gave Muslims the glad tidings of victory at this place, hence it was called al-Fath Mosque. Others believe the mosque was named “Fath” because Sura al-Fath was revealed there.<ref>''Ma'ālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayna al-'Imāra wa al-Tārīkh'', part 4, vol. 4, p. 84.</ref> The name “al-A'lā” has also been given to the mosque, referring to its elevated location on the slopes of Mount Sela'.<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 ''al-Masājid al-Athariyya'', p. 139.]</ref> | It is narrated that the Prophet (s) gave Muslims the glad tidings of victory at this place, hence it was called al-Fath Mosque. Others believe the mosque was named “Fath” because Sura al-Fath was revealed there.<ref>''Ma'ālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayna al-'Imāra wa al-Tārīkh'', part 4, vol. 4, p. 84.</ref> The name “al-A'lā” has also been given to the mosque, referring to its elevated location on the slopes of Mount Sela'.<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 ''al-Masājid al-Athariyya'', p. 139.]</ref> | ||
=== | === Prophet's Prayer in al-Fath Mosque === | ||
The Prophet (s) performed the afternoon prayer in the area of al-Fath Mosque.<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aتاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=59 ''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara'', p. 59.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aاخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=143 ''Akhbār al-Madīna'', b. Zubāla, p. 143.]</ref> On one of the nights of the Battle of the Trench, the Prophet (s) stood on the hill where the mosque is located and asked for a volunteer to gather news from the enemy camp. Hudhayfa undertook the mission while the Prophet waited for his return.<ref>''I'lām al-Warā bi-A'lām al-Hudā'', vol. 1, p. 193.</ref> | The Prophet (s) performed the afternoon prayer in the area of al-Fath Mosque.<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aتاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=59 ''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara'', p. 59.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aاخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=143 ''Akhbār al-Madīna'', b. Zubāla, p. 143.]</ref> On one of the nights of the Battle of the Trench, the Prophet (s) stood on the hill where the mosque is located and asked for a volunteer to gather news from the enemy camp. Hudhayfa undertook the mission while the Prophet waited for his return.<ref>''I'lām al-Warā bi-A'lām al-Hudā'', vol. 1, p. 193.</ref> | ||
== History of the Building == | == History of the Building == | ||
The | The mosque's first structure was built by [['Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz]] (governor of Medina between 87/706 – 93/711-12). It had a single portico with three columns.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 ''al-Masājid al-Athariyya'', p. 139.]</ref> In 575/1179-80, the mosque was rebuilt by Husayn b. Abi al-Hayja', a vizier of the [[Fatimids of Egypt]], who also undertook expansions in al-Masjid al-Nabawi.<ref>''al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa'', vol. 1, p. 297.</ref> The current structure of the mosque goes back to the renovation in 1270/1853.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=696 ''Mawsū'at Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-'Arab'', vol. 4, p. 696.]</ref> The mosque was restored again in 1411/1990-91, and further restoration after 1430/2009 gave the mosque its present appearance.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=140 ''al-Masājid al-Athariyya'', p. 140.]; ''Ma'ālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayna al-'Imāra wa al-Tārīkh'', part 4, vol. 4, pp. 94, 103.</ref> | ||
== Supplication of al-Fath Mosque == | == Supplication of al-Fath Mosque == | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
* | * ''Al-Tuḥfa al-laṭīfa fī tārīkh al-Madīna al-sharīfa'', Shams al-Dīn Sakhāwī, Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1414/1993. | ||
* | * ''Mawsūʿat mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab'', Ayyūb Ṣabrī Bāshā, Cairo: Dār al-Āfāq, 1424/2003. | ||
* | * ''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'', Bukhārī, Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1401/1981. | ||
* | * ''Iʿlām al-warā bi-aʿlām al-hudā'', al-Shaykh al-Ṭabrisī, Qum: Āl al-Bayt, 1417/1996. | ||
* | * ''Al-Istiḏhkār'', Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 2000. | ||
* | * ''Biḥār al-anwār'', al-ʿAllāma al-Majlisī, Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1403/1983. | ||
* | * ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa-l-tārīkh'', ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Kaʿkī, Medina: Muʾallif, 2011. | ||
* | * ''Tārīkh maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan'', Yāsīn Aḥmad al-Khayyārī, Riyāḍ, al-Mamlaka al-ʿArabiyya al-Saʿūdiyya, 1419/1998. | ||
* | * ''Akhbār al-Madīna'', Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Zubāla, Medina: al-Mamlaka al-ʿArabiyya al-Saʿūdiyya, 1424/2003. | ||
* | * ''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-munawwara'', ʿUmar b. Shabba al-Namīrī, available online via WikiHaj. | ||
* | * ''Masājid al-atharīyya'', Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Medina: Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd bi-l-Madīna al-munawwara, second edition, 1419/1998. | ||
* | * ''Waṣf al-Madīna al-munawwara'', ʿAlī b. Mūsā al-Afandī, Maṭbaʿat Nihḍat Miṣr. | ||
* | * ''Al-Madīna bayn al-māḍī wa-l-ḥāḍir'', al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm al-ʿAyyāshī, Madīna: Maktabat al-ʿilmīyya, 1972. | ||
* | * ''Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyāshiyya'', ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-ʿAyyāshī, Abu Dabi: Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006. | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||