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The Mosque of Fash (Arabic: Masjid al-Fasḥ) is one of the ancient mosques in [[Medina]]. It is located in the southern part of [[Mount Uḥud]], connected to the mountain, and to the north of the [[Cemetery of the Martyrs of Uḥud]] and to the south of the [[Cave of Uḥud]], where people believe [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] entered. The Prophet’s (s) prayer during the [[Battle of Uḥud]] is mentioned in various early sources, and contemporary researchers believe the location of the prayer corresponds to the area of this mosque. In some sources, this mosque is referred to as "Masjid Uḥud." The structure of the mosque has been partially ruined in recent centuries.
### Translation of the Text:


==Name== 
**Masjid Banī Ḥarām (The Mosque of Banī Ḥarām)** 
The Mosque of Fash also known as "Fasīḥ," is referred to as "Masjid Uḥud" in some sources due to its proximity to [[Mount Uhud]].<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=151 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 151.]</ref> It is also called "Masjid al-Shiʿb" (the Mosque of the Valley).<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, Kaʿkī, vol. 2, p. 355.</ref>
Masjid Banī Ḥarām is one of the ancient mosques in [[Medina]], with its origins dating back to the Prophetic era. The mosque is located to the west of [[Mount Silaʿ]], on the right side of the road leading to the [[Mosques of Fatḥ]]. It has one dome and one minaret in the northwestern corner. Its length is 16 meters, and its width is 13 meters.


[[ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī]], a historian of the 9th century AH, reports that the name "Fasḥ" is believed to have been given because of the revelation of the "Fasḥ verse" (verse 11 of Surah al-Mujādila){{eNote|"O you who have believed, when you are told, 'Make room in assemblies,' then make room; Allah will make room for you..."}} in this location, but he found no evidence to confirm this.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%B3.pdf&page=204 Wafāʾ al-Wafā, al-Samhūdī, vol. 3, p. 204.]</ref>
This mosque, which had fallen into ruins before 1388 AH due to the uncertainty of its exact location, was identified and restored through the efforts of a researcher from Medina. It has since been renovated twice.


== Location==
---
Masjid Fasḥ is located in the southern part of [[Mount Uḥud]], connected to the mountain.<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81_%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A9.pdf&page=126 Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra, al-Muṭrī, p. 126.]</ref> It is situated to the north of the [[Cemetery of the Martyrs of Uḥud]] and to the south of the [[Cave of Uḥud]], where people believe [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] entered.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=154 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 154.]</ref>


==The Prophet’s Prayer==
### Name of the Mosque 
The historical background of Masjid Fasḥ dates back to the early years of Islam. The prayer of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] during the [[Battle of Uḥud]] is mentioned in early sources.<ref>Al-Sīra al-Nabawiyya, Ibn Hishām, vol. 3, p. 604.</ref> According to a report in the history of Medina by [[Ibn Shabba]], the location of the Prophet’s prayer was a small mosque in the Uḥud region, to the right of the "Valley of Jarrār," adjacent to the mountain.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87.pdf&page=57 Tārīkh Madīna Ibn Shabba, p. 57.]</ref> Some contemporary researchers believe the location of the prayer corresponds to the area of this mosque.<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, Kaʿkī, vol. 2, p. 362.</ref><ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=155 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 155.]</ref> 
**Masjid Banī Ḥarām** is named after its location among the houses of the Banī Ḥarām tribe. This tribe is a subgroup of the [[Khazraj|main Khazraj tribe]].<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=44 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 44.]</ref> Today, the mosque is also known as Masjid al-ʿUmārī.<ref name=":2">Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, p. 224.</ref>


==History of the Mosque’s Structure== 
---
According to [[Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī]] (d. 741 AH), the structure of the small mosque at the foot of Mount Uḥud had been destroyed by his time.<ref name=":0" /> Similar reports are found in other sources from the 9th<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%B3.pdf&page=204 Wafāʾ al-Wafā, al-Samhūdī, vol. 3, p. 204.]; Maghānim al-Muṭāba, Fīrūzābādī, vol. 2, p. 289.</ref> and 10th centuries.<ref>Durar al-Farāʾid, al-Anṣārī, vol. 3, p. 1630.</ref> 


A report from the 11th century AH mentions that the mosque had a width of approximately 18 cubits.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1.pdf&page=163 ʿUmdat al-Akhbār, al-ʿAbbāsī, p. 163.]</ref> In the mid-14th century AH, the mosque had high walls but no roof, built during the Ottoman era.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%82%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%88_%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AB%D8%A7.pdf&page=192 Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan, p. 193.]</ref> According to a more recent report from 1418 AH, the walls of the mosque had been demolished, and only the southern wall, which contained the mihrab, remained relatively intact, standing at one and a half meters tall.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=158 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 185.]</ref>
### Geographical Location 
Masjid Banī Ḥarām, which some consider part of the [[Seven Mosques of the Trench]],<ref name=":2" /> is located to the west of [[Mount Silaʿ]], on the right side of the road leading from Sīḥ Street to the [[Mosques of Fatḥ]].<ref name=":0" /> It is 1.68 kilometers away from [[Masjid al-Nabī]].<ref name=":4">[https://iqna.ir/fa/news/4183824/%D8%A2%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85-%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87 IQNA News Agency], News Code: 4183824.</ref>


Based on available images of Masjid Fasḥ, its current structure has been rebuilt as a rectangle with low stone walls. The walls are of uneven height, and a mihrab is located on the qibla wall. A canopy-like structure has been built over the mosque, and the interior is carpeted.<ref>Documentary images by users on [https://www.google.com/maps/place/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%AD%E2%80%AD/@24.5099944,39.6128596,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipMByh_DDWYLOtNEm2uPJxtDdlLnIrsQY7KELBE-!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipMByh_DDWYLOtNEm2uPJxtDdlLnIrsQY7KELBE-%3Dw203-h203-k-no!7i3024!8i3024!4m9!3m8!1s0x15bdbe7f9ec02dfb:0xe73388ab22cc24d3!8m2!3d24.5099944!4d39.6128596!10e5!14m1!1BCgIgARICGAI!16s%2Fg%2F12mb3_5ts?hl=fa&entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDExNS4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D Google Maps] and the website [https://welcomesaudi.com/activity/masjid-al-fasah-madinah Welcome Saudi].</ref>
---
==Images of the Mosque==
 
Current Condition of the Mosque  
### Construction of the Mosque 
According to narrations, during the early days of Islam, some members of the Banī Ḥarām and [[Banī Salama]] tribes complained to [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] about their living conditions. The Prophet (s) guided them to settle in the western part of [[Mount Silaʿ]], and they did so.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87.pdf&page=78 Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara, Ibn Shabba, p. 78.]</ref> After relocating, the Banī Ḥarām tribe built this mosque, which was later restored by [[ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz]].<ref name=":3">Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, pp. 232–234.</ref><ref name=":0" /> It is reported that the Prophet (s) prayed in this mosque.<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%B3.pdf&page=214][https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%B3.pdf&page=191 Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 3, p. 191.]</ref><ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87.pdf&page=146 Akhbār al-Madīna, Ibn Zabāla, p. 146.]</ref> However, some believe the relocation of this tribe and the construction of the mosque occurred during the caliphate of [[ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb]].<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%B3.pdf&page=191 Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 3, p. 191.]</ref>
 
---
 
### History of the Structure 
The mosque was in ruins by the 9th century AH, and according to [[ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī]], a historian of Medina, only its foundations and some columns remained.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%B3.pdf&page=191 Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 3, p. 191.]</ref> However, Shams al-Dīn al-Sakhāwī (d. 906 AH), another historian of Medina, reported its restoration during the same century.<ref>[https://noorlib.ir/book/view/10094/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A9?pageNumber=39&viewType=pdf Al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa, vol. 1, p. 39.]</ref> Abū Sālim al-ʿAyyāshī, in his travelogue from 1073 AH, mentioned the mosque but described it as ruined.<ref>Travelogue of al-ʿAyyāshī.</ref>
 
According to Ibrāhīm al-ʿAyyāshī (d. 1388 AH), a philanthropist from Medina restored the mosque, which had been in ruins until then, under his guidance.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=48 Al-Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 48.]</ref> In 1400 AH (1979 CE), it was restored again by the Saudi government.<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, pp. 235–239.</ref> In 1410 AH (1990 CE), the Saudi Ministry of Hajj and Endowments completely rebuilt the mosque after demolishing the old structure. During this restoration, the mosque was given a minaret and a dome,<ref name=":3" /> which, based on available images, was sometimes painted green.<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/place/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF+%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%AD/@24.4732044,39.5972429,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipMDMYF4oEhu3qJXrVQHSeZItsteVOfFO1SzGLGy!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipMDMYF4oEhu3qJXrVQHSeZItsteVOfFO1SzGLGy%3Dw203-h152-k-no!7i4032!8i3024!4m12!1m2!2m1!1z2YXYs9is2K8g2YLYqNmE2KrbjNmG!3m8!1s0x15bdbf1c5a0ffe81:0x924f98d4755089c8!8m2!3d24.4732044!4d39.5972429!10e5!14m1!1BCgIgAQ!16s%2Fg%2F12mb3c8px?hl=fa&entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI0MDkxMS4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D Google Maps, Exclusive Images of Masjid Banī Ḥarām].</ref>
 
---
 
### Current Structure of the Mosque 
In 2024 CE, Masjid Banī Ḥarām was renovated again, this time with stone-clad walls.<ref>Website "[https://experiencemedina.com/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85/ Explore Medina]," News titled: [https://experiencemedina.com/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85/ Masjid Banī Ḥarām - Bani Haram Mosque].</ref><ref name=":4" /> The mosque has one dome and one minaret in the northwestern corner. Its length is 16 meters, and its width is 13 meters. It also has facilities for ablution in the northeastern corner.<ref name=":0" /> The total area is 236.42 square meters, and it can accommodate 172 worshippers.<ref name=":4" />
 
---
 
### Images After the 1400 AH (1979 CE) Restoration  
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:مسجد فسح6.png|alt=
File:مسجد قدیمی بنی حرام صغیر 1.png|Exterior view of the mosque
File:مسجد فسح7.png|alt=
File:مسجد قدیمی بنی حرام صغیر 2.png|Prayer area of the mosque
File:مسجد فسح8.png|alt=
File:مسجد قدیمی بنی حرام صغیر 3.png|Mihrab
File:مسجد فسح 9.png|alt=
File:مسجد قدیمی بنی حرام صغیر 4.png|Courtyard and minaret of the mosque
File:مسجد قدیمی بنی حرام صغیر 5.png|Short, dome-shaped minaret of the mosque
</gallery>
</gallery>


==Older Images of the Mosque==  
---
 
### Images After the 1410 AH (1990 CE) Restoration and Later  
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:مسجد فسح1.png|alt=
File:مسجد بنوحرام بعد ار بازسازی.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد فسح2.png|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام صغیر1.png|alt=
File:مسجد فسح3.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام صغیر2.png|Entrance of the mosque
File:مسجد فسح4.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام صغیر3.png|Prayer hall of the mosque
File:مسجد فسح5.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام صغیر4.png|Southern interior of the mosque
File:مسجد بنی حرام صغیر5.png|Mihrab of the mosque
</gallery>
 
---
 
### Images Before the 2024 CE Restoration Project (Two Decades Between Restorations) 
<gallery>
File:مسجد بنی حرام8.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام1.webp|alt=
File:2024-09-18 21 50 58-مسجد بنی حرام - Google Maps.png|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام5.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام2.png|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام3.png|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام صغیر02 (2).jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام صغیر02 (1).jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام جدید 5.png|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام جدید 6.png|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام4.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام7.png|alt=
</gallery>
 
---
 
### Images from 2024 CE 
<gallery>
File:مسجد بنی حرام جدید 1.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام جدید 2.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام جدید 3.png|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام جدید 7.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد بنی حرام جدید 8.png|alt=
</gallery>
</gallery>
==Notes==
{{Notes}}
==References==
==References==
{{References}}
{{Refeences}}
*Abū Zayd ʿUmar ibn Shabba. ''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara''. Qom: Dār al-Fikr, 1368 SH. 
**Akhbār al-Madīna**, Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan Ibn Zabāla (d. 199 AH), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Center for Research and Studies of Medina, 1st edition, 1424 AH.   
*Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī. ''Masājid al-Athariyya''. Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd, Medina, 2nd edition, 1419 AH.   
2. **Al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa**, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sakhāwī, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1993.   
*Al-Sīra al-Nabawiyya**, Ibn Hishām al-Ḥimyarī, Maktabat Muḥammad ʿAlī Ṣabīḥ wa Awlādihi, Egypt, 1383–1963 CE.   
3. **Al-Masājid al-Athariyya fī al-Madīna al-Munawwara**, Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Medina, 1998.   
*Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra min maʿālim dār al-hijra**, Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī, edited by Sulaymān al-Raḥīlī, Riyadh: Dārat al-Malik ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, 1426 AH.   
4. **Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh**, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Kaʿkī, part 4, Beirut, 2011. 
*Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh**, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Kaʿkī, Medina: Self-published, 2011 CE.   
5. **Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara**, Abū Zayd ʿUmar ibn Shabba, Qom: Dār al-Fikr, 1368 SH. 
*Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā**, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī, London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān lil-Turāth al-Islāmī, 2001 CE.   
6. **IQNA News Agency**, Persian version. 
*Al-Maghānim al-Muṭāba fī Maʿālim Ṭāba**, Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb Fīrūzābādī, Riyadh: Dār al-Yamāma, 1389 AH. 
7. **Google Maps**, World Map. 
*Durar al-Farāʾid al-Munaẓẓama fī Akhbār al-Ḥājj wa Ṭarīq Makka al-Muʿaẓẓama**, ʿAbd al-Qādir ibn Muḥammad al-Anṣārī, Riyadh: Dār al-Yamāma, 1429 AH. 
8. **Explore Medina Website**.   
*ʿUmdat al-Akhbār fī Madīnat al-Mukhtār**, Aḥmad al-ʿAbbāsī, edited by Muḥammad al-Ṭayyib al-Anṣārī, n.p., published by Asʿad Ṭarābuzūnī, n.d.
9. **Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā**, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī, London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān lil-Turāth al-Islāmī, 2001 CE.   
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Revision as of 14:39, 2 March 2025

      1. Translation of the Text:
    • Masjid Banī Ḥarām (The Mosque of Banī Ḥarām)**

Masjid Banī Ḥarām is one of the ancient mosques in Medina, with its origins dating back to the Prophetic era. The mosque is located to the west of Mount Silaʿ, on the right side of the road leading to the Mosques of Fatḥ. It has one dome and one minaret in the northwestern corner. Its length is 16 meters, and its width is 13 meters.

This mosque, which had fallen into ruins before 1388 AH due to the uncertainty of its exact location, was identified and restored through the efforts of a researcher from Medina. It has since been renovated twice.

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      1. Name of the Mosque
    • Masjid Banī Ḥarām** is named after its location among the houses of the Banī Ḥarām tribe. This tribe is a subgroup of the main Khazraj tribe.[1] Today, the mosque is also known as Masjid al-ʿUmārī.[2]

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      1. Geographical Location

Masjid Banī Ḥarām, which some consider part of the Seven Mosques of the Trench,[2] is located to the west of Mount Silaʿ, on the right side of the road leading from Sīḥ Street to the Mosques of Fatḥ.[1] It is 1.68 kilometers away from Masjid al-Nabī.[3]

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      1. Construction of the Mosque

According to narrations, during the early days of Islam, some members of the Banī Ḥarām and Banī Salama tribes complained to Prophet Muhammad (s) about their living conditions. The Prophet (s) guided them to settle in the western part of Mount Silaʿ, and they did so.[4] After relocating, the Banī Ḥarām tribe built this mosque, which was later restored by ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz.[5][1] It is reported that the Prophet (s) prayed in this mosque.[6][7] However, some believe the relocation of this tribe and the construction of the mosque occurred during the caliphate of ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb.[8]

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      1. History of the Structure

The mosque was in ruins by the 9th century AH, and according to ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, a historian of Medina, only its foundations and some columns remained.[9] However, Shams al-Dīn al-Sakhāwī (d. 906 AH), another historian of Medina, reported its restoration during the same century.[10] Abū Sālim al-ʿAyyāshī, in his travelogue from 1073 AH, mentioned the mosque but described it as ruined.[11]

According to Ibrāhīm al-ʿAyyāshī (d. 1388 AH), a philanthropist from Medina restored the mosque, which had been in ruins until then, under his guidance.[12] In 1400 AH (1979 CE), it was restored again by the Saudi government.[13] In 1410 AH (1990 CE), the Saudi Ministry of Hajj and Endowments completely rebuilt the mosque after demolishing the old structure. During this restoration, the mosque was given a minaret and a dome,[5] which, based on available images, was sometimes painted green.[14]

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      1. Current Structure of the Mosque

In 2024 CE, Masjid Banī Ḥarām was renovated again, this time with stone-clad walls.[15][3] The mosque has one dome and one minaret in the northwestern corner. Its length is 16 meters, and its width is 13 meters. It also has facilities for ablution in the northeastern corner.[1] The total area is 236.42 square meters, and it can accommodate 172 worshippers.[3]

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      1. Images After the 1400 AH (1979 CE) Restoration
  • Exterior view of the mosque
    Exterior view of the mosque
  • Prayer area of the mosque
    Prayer area of the mosque
  • Mihrab
    Mihrab
  • Courtyard and minaret of the mosque
    Courtyard and minaret of the mosque
  • Short, dome-shaped minaret of the mosque
    Short, dome-shaped minaret of the mosque

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      1. Images After the 1410 AH (1990 CE) Restoration and Later
  • Entrance of the mosque
    Entrance of the mosque
  • Prayer hall of the mosque
    Prayer hall of the mosque
  • Southern interior of the mosque
    Southern interior of the mosque
  • Mihrab of the mosque
    Mihrab of the mosque

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      1. Images Before the 2024 CE Restoration Project (Two Decades Between Restorations)

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      1. Images from 2024 CE

References

Template:Refeences

    • Akhbār al-Madīna**, Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan Ibn Zabāla (d. 199 AH), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Center for Research and Studies of Medina, 1st edition, 1424 AH.

2. **Al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa**, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sakhāwī, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1993. 3. **Al-Masājid al-Athariyya fī al-Madīna al-Munawwara**, Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Medina, 1998. 4. **Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh**, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Kaʿkī, part 4, Beirut, 2011. 5. **Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara**, Abū Zayd ʿUmar ibn Shabba, Qom: Dār al-Fikr, 1368 SH. 6. **IQNA News Agency**, Persian version. 7. **Google Maps**, World Map. 8. **Explore Medina Website**. 9. **Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā**, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī, London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān lil-Turāth al-Islāmī, 2001 CE.

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  1. ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 44.
  2. ↑ Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, p. 224.
  3. ↑ Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 3.2 IQNA News Agency, News Code: 4183824.
  4. ↑ Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara, Ibn Shabba, p. 78.
  5. ↑ Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, pp. 232–234.
  6. ↑ [1]Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 3, p. 191.
  7. ↑ Akhbār al-Madīna, Ibn Zabāla, p. 146.
  8. ↑ Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 3, p. 191.
  9. ↑ Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 3, p. 191.
  10. ↑ Al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa, vol. 1, p. 39.
  11. ↑ Travelogue of al-ʿAyyāshī.
  12. ↑ Al-Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 48.
  13. ↑ Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, pp. 235–239.
  14. ↑ Google Maps, Exclusive Images of Masjid Banī Ḥarām.
  15. ↑ Website "Explore Medina," News titled: Masjid Banī Ḥarām - Bani Haram Mosque.
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