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Masjid al-ʿUṣba (The Mosque of al-ʿUṣba)** 
The Mosque of Fash (Arabic: Masjid al-Fasḥ) is one of the ancient mosques in [[Medina]]. It is located in the southern part of [[Mount Uḥud]], connected to the mountain, and to the north of the [[Cemetery of the Martyrs of Uḥud]] and to the south of the [[Cave of Uḥud]], where people believe [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] entered. The Prophet’s (s) prayer during the [[Battle of Uḥud]] is mentioned in various early sources, and contemporary researchers believe the location of the prayer corresponds to the area of this mosque. In some sources, this mosque is referred to as "Masjid Uḥud." The structure of the mosque has been partially ruined in recent centuries.
Masjid al-ʿUṣba is an ancient mosque in [[Medina]], also known as Masjid al-Tawba (the Mosque of Repentance). It is located to the west of [[Masjid Quba]] in an area filled with farms and water wells. The structure of the mosque consists of a roofless square, approximately 11 meters in length and width, with stone walls about one meter high. It is reported that [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] prayed within the vicinity of this mosque.


==Prayer of the Prophet (s)==   
==Name==   
Historical sources mention that [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] prayed at Masjid al-Tawba in ʿUṣba, near the [[Well of Hujaym]].<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aالتعریف_بما_انست_الهجرة.pdf&page=217 Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra, al-Muṭrī, p. 217.]</ref>
**Masjid Fasḥ**, also known as "Fasīḥ," is referred to as "Masjid Uḥud" in some sources due to its proximity to Mount Uḥud.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=151 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 151.]</ref> It is also called "Masjid al-Shiʿb" (the Mosque of the Valley).<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, Kaʿkī, vol. 2, p. 355.</ref>


==Location and Name of the Mosque==
[[ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī]], a historian of the 9th century AH, reports that the name "Fasḥ" is believed to have been given because of the revelation of the "Fasḥ verse" (verse 11 of Surah al-Mujādila){{Note|"O you who have believed, when you are told, 'Make room in assemblies,' then make room; Allah will make room for you..."}} in this location, but he found no evidence to confirm this.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%B3.pdf&page=204 Wafāʾ al-Wafā, al-Samhūdī, vol. 3, p. 204.]</ref>
Masjid al-ʿUṣba derives its name from its location in the village of ʿUṣba. ʿUṣba is an area to the west of [[Masjid Quba]]<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=123 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 123.]</ref> and was known for its farms and water wells.<ref name=":2" /> It was also referred to as the fortress or stronghold of ʿUṣba.<ref>Al-Maghānim al-Muṭāba fī Maʿālim Ṭāba, Fīrūzābādī, p. 265.</ref> This is the place where a group of migrants from Mecca stayed upon arriving in Quba before the arrival of the Prophet (s).<ref name=":1" />


In geographical sources about Medina, the name Masjid al-ʿUṣba is not mentioned; however, Masjid al-Tawba in ʿUṣba, near the [[Well of Hujaym]], is referenced.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> [[ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī]], a historian of Medina in the 8th century AH, explicitly stated that the reason for the name Masjid al-Tawba is unknown.<ref name=":3">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aوفاء_الوفاء_سمهودی_ج۳.pdf&page=248 Wafāʾ al-Wafā, al-Samhūdī, vol. 3, p. 248.]</ref> This area was inhabited by the Banī Jaḥjaba tribe, and for this reason, some have also called this mosque Masjid Banī Jaḥjaba.<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir, part 4, vol. 3, p. 228.</ref>
== Location==
Masjid Fasḥ is located in the southern part of [[Mount Uḥud]], connected to the mountain.<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81_%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A9.pdf&page=126 Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra, al-Muṭrī, p. 126.]</ref> It is situated to the north of the [[Cemetery of the Martyrs of Uḥud]] and to the south of the [[Cave of Uḥud]], where people believe [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] entered.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=154 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 154.]</ref>


Some researchers of Medina’s history have identified this mosque with Masjid al-Nūr (the Mosque of Light), which was one of the mosques near Quba.<ref name=":4">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aتاریخ_معالم_المدینه_المنوره_قدیما_و_حدیثا.pdf&page=209 Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan, p. 209]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aالمدینه_بین_الماضی_و_الحاضر.pdf&page=302 Al-Madīna bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir, p. 302]</ref> However, early sources do not equate these two mosques.<ref name=":0" />
==The Prophet’s Prayer==
The historical background of Masjid Fasḥ dates back to the early years of Islam. The prayer of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] during the [[Battle of Uḥud]] is mentioned in early sources.<ref>Al-Sīra al-Nabawiyya, Ibn Hishām, vol. 3, p. 604.</ref> According to a report in the history of Medina by [[Ibn Shabba]], the location of the Prophet’s prayer was a small mosque in the Uḥud region, to the right of the "Valley of Jarrār," adjacent to the mountain.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87.pdf&page=57 Tārīkh Madīna Ibn Shabba, p. 57.]</ref> Some contemporary researchers believe the location of the prayer corresponds to the area of this mosque.<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, Kaʿkī, vol. 2, p. 362.</ref><ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=155 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 155.]</ref>


Reports from the 15th century AH/20th century CE indicate that the mosque was located in the garden of Ibrāhīm al-Turkī, which was called Bustān al-ʿUṣba.<ref name=":4" />   
==History of the Mosque’s Structure== 
According to [[Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī]] (d. 741 AH), the structure of the small mosque at the foot of Mount Uḥud had been destroyed by his time.<ref name=":0" /> Similar reports are found in other sources from the 9th<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%B3.pdf&page=204 Wafāʾ al-Wafā, al-Samhūdī, vol. 3, p. 204.]; Maghānim al-Muṭāba, Fīrūzābādī, vol. 2, p. 289.</ref> and 10th centuries.<ref>Durar al-Farāʾid, al-Anṣārī, vol. 3, p. 1630.</ref>   


==History==
A report from the 11th century AH mentions that the mosque had a width of approximately 18 cubits.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1.pdf&page=163 ʿUmdat al-Akhbār, al-ʿAbbāsī, p. 163.]</ref> In the mid-14th century AH, the mosque had high walls but no roof, built during the Ottoman era.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%3A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%82%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%88_%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AB%D8%A7.pdf&page=192 Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan, p. 193.]</ref> According to a more recent report from 1418 AH, the walls of the mosque had been demolished, and only the southern wall, which contained the mihrab, remained relatively intact, standing at one and a half meters tall.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87.pdf&page=158 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 185.]</ref>
There is no precise information about the construction date of the mosque. Some speculate that it was built during the rule of [[ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz]] over Medina.<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir, part 4, vol. 3, p. 228.</ref> There is no trace of this mosque in the 8th and 9th centuries AH, as noted by [[Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī]] (d. 741 AH) and [[ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī]] (d. 911 AH) in their discussions of mosques that are no longer known.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> Muḥammad Kabrīt al-Madanī (1012–1070 AH) also confirmed in the 11th century that there was no trace of this mosque.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aالجواهر_الثمیة_فی_محاسن_المدینة.pdf&page=157 Al-Jawāhir al-Thamīna fī Maḥāsin al-Madīna, p. 157]</ref> Aḥmad al-ʿAbbāsī (d. 11th century AH) mentioned the remains of the mosque near the [[Well of Hujaym]].<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:عمده_الاخبار_فی_مدینه_المختار.pdf&page=180 ʿUmdat al-Akhbār, p. 175]</ref>


==The Current Structure==
Based on available images of Masjid Fasḥ, its current structure has been rebuilt as a rectangle with low stone walls. The walls are of uneven height, and a mihrab is located on the qibla wall. A canopy-like structure has been built over the mosque, and the interior is carpeted.<ref>Documentary images by users on [https://www.google.com/maps/place/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%AD%E2%80%AD/@24.5099944,39.6128596,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipMByh_DDWYLOtNEm2uPJxtDdlLnIrsQY7KELBE-!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipMByh_DDWYLOtNEm2uPJxtDdlLnIrsQY7KELBE-%3Dw203-h203-k-no!7i3024!8i3024!4m9!3m8!1s0x15bdbe7f9ec02dfb:0xe73388ab22cc24d3!8m2!3d24.5099944!4d39.6128596!10e5!14m1!1BCgIgARICGAI!16s%2Fg%2F12mb3_5ts?hl=fa&entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDExNS4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D Google Maps] and the website [https://welcomesaudi.com/activity/masjid-al-fasah-madinah Welcome Saudi].</ref>
Today, the mosque consists of a roofless square, approximately 11 meters in length and width, with stone walls about one meter high, showing traces of whitewashing.<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=124 Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 124.]; Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 3, pp. 229–230.</ref>   
==Images of the Mosque==  


==Historical Images of the Mosque==
#### Current Condition of the Mosque
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:یقغ.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد فسح6.png|alt=
File:2024-08-28 09 53 42-7126 طريق الملك عبدالله الفرعي، العصبة المدينة المنورة 42318 2363 طريق الملك عبد.png|alt=
File:مسجد فسح7.png|alt=
File:عصبهه.jpg|alt=
File:مسجد فسح8.png|alt=
File:2024-08-28 09 58 21-7126 طريق الملك عبدالله الفرعي، العصبة المدينة المنورة 42318 2363 طريق الملك عبد.png|alt=
File:مسجد فسح 9.png|alt=
File:2024-08-28 09 59 35-7126 طريق الملك عبدالله الفرعي، العصبة المدينة المنورة 42318 2363 طريق الملك عبد.png|alt=
File:2024-08-28 09 59 48-7126 طريق الملك عبدالله الفرعي، العصبة المدينة المنورة 42318 2363 طريق الملك عبد.png|alt=
File:2024-08-29 08 10 12-معالم المدینه المنوره ۴-۳.pdf - Profile 1 - Microsoft​ Edge.png|Existence of a roofed area in 1413 AH/1993 CE
</gallery>
</gallery>


==Images of the Mosque’s Current Condition==   
==Older Images of the Mosque==   
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:2024-08-29 07 52 39-Google Maps.png|alt=|Renovation of the mosque’s walls
File:مسجد فسح1.png|alt=
File:مسجد العصبة الهُجَيم.jpg|alt=|Changes in the surrounding environment
File:مسجد فسح2.png|alt=
File:2024-08-29 07 48 17-Google Maps.png|alt=
File:مسجد فسح3.jpg|alt=
File:2024-08-29 07 50 36-Google Maps.png|alt=|Reconstruction of the mosque’s entrance
File:مسجد فسح4.jpg|alt=
File:2024-08-29 07 50 54-Google Maps.png|alt=|Construction of a perimeter wall around the mosque
File:مسجد فسح5.jpg|alt=
File:2024-08-29 07 49 17-Google Maps.png|alt=
File:2024-08-29 07 16 07-Google Maps.png|alt=
File:2024-08-29 07 52 09-Google Maps.png|alt=
</gallery>
</gallery>
==Notes==
==Notes==
Line 46: Line 40:
==References==
==References==
{{References}}
{{References}}
 
*Abū Zayd ʿUmar ibn Shabba. ''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara''. Qom: Dār al-Fikr, 1368 SH.   
* Muḥammad Kabrīt al-Ḥusaynī al-Madanī. ''Al-Jawāhir al-Thamīna fī Maʿālim al-Madīna''. Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1997 CE.   
2. **Masājid al-Athariyya**, Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd, Medina, 2nd edition, 1419 AH.   
*Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd al-ʿAbbāsī. ''ʿUmdat al-Akhbār fī Madīnat al-Mukhtār''. edited by Muḥammad Ṭayyib al-Anṣārī, published by Asʿad Ṭarābuzūnī, Cairo, n.d. 
3. **Al-Sīra al-Nabawiyya**, Ibn Hishām al-Ḥimyarī, Maktabat Muḥammad ʿAlī Ṣabīḥ wa Awlādihi, Egypt, 1383–1963 CE. 
* Fīrūzābādī, Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb, and Jāssir, Ḥamd. ''Al-Maghānim al-Muṭāba fī Maʿālim Ṭāba''. Riyadh - Saudi Arabia: Dār al-Yamāma lil-Baḥth wa al-Tarjama wa al-Nashr, 1389–1969. 
4. **Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra min maʿālim dār al-hijra**, Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī, edited by Sulaymān al-Raḥīlī, Riyadh: Dārat al-Malik ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, 1426 AH.   
*Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī. ''Masājid al-Athariyya''. Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd, Medina, 2nd edition, 1419 AH.   
5. **Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh**, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Kaʿkī, Medina: Self-published, 2011 CE.   
*Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī. ''Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra min maʿālim dār al-hijra''. edited by Sulaymān al-Raḥīlī, Riyadh: Dārat al-Malik ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, 1426 AH.   
6. **Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā**, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī, London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān lil-Turāth al-Islāmī, 2001 CE
*Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAlī al-ʿAyyāshī. ''Al-Madīna bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir. 1972 CE. 
7. **Al-Maghānim al-Muṭāba fī Maʿālim Ṭāba**, Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb Fīrūzābādī, Riyadh: Dār al-Yamāma, 1389 AH. 
*ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Kaʿkī. ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh''. part 4, Beirut, 2011.   
8. **Durar al-Farāʾid al-Munaẓẓama fī Akhbār al-Ḥājj wa Ṭarīq Makka al-Muʿaẓẓama**, ʿAbd al-Qādir ibn Muḥammad al-Anṣārī, Riyadh: Dār al-Yamāma, 1429 AH. 
*ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī. ''Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā''. edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī, London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān lil-Turāth al-Islāmī, 2001 CE.
9. **ʿUmdat al-Akhbār fī Madīnat al-Mukhtār**, Aḥmad al-ʿAbbāsī, edited by Muḥammad al-Ṭayyib al-Anṣārī, n.p., published by Asʿad Ṭarābuzūnī, n.d.

Revision as of 05:55, 2 February 2025

The Mosque of Fash (Arabic: Masjid al-Fasḥ) is one of the ancient mosques in Medina. It is located in the southern part of Mount Uḥud, connected to the mountain, and to the north of the Cemetery of the Martyrs of Uḥud and to the south of the Cave of Uḥud, where people believe Prophet Muhammad (s) entered. The Prophet’s (s) prayer during the Battle of Uḥud is mentioned in various early sources, and contemporary researchers believe the location of the prayer corresponds to the area of this mosque. In some sources, this mosque is referred to as "Masjid Uḥud." The structure of the mosque has been partially ruined in recent centuries.

Name

    • Masjid Fasḥ**, also known as "Fasīḥ," is referred to as "Masjid Uḥud" in some sources due to its proximity to Mount Uḥud.[1] It is also called "Masjid al-Shiʿb" (the Mosque of the Valley).[2]

ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, a historian of the 9th century AH, reports that the name "Fasḥ" is believed to have been given because of the revelation of the "Fasḥ verse" (verse 11 of Surah al-Mujādila)Template:Note in this location, but he found no evidence to confirm this.[3]

Location

Masjid Fasḥ is located in the southern part of Mount Uḥud, connected to the mountain.[4] It is situated to the north of the Cemetery of the Martyrs of Uḥud and to the south of the Cave of Uḥud, where people believe Prophet Muhammad (s) entered.[5]

The Prophet’s Prayer

The historical background of Masjid Fasḥ dates back to the early years of Islam. The prayer of Prophet Muhammad (s) during the Battle of Uḥud is mentioned in early sources.[6] According to a report in the history of Medina by Ibn Shabba, the location of the Prophet’s prayer was a small mosque in the Uḥud region, to the right of the "Valley of Jarrār," adjacent to the mountain.[7] Some contemporary researchers believe the location of the prayer corresponds to the area of this mosque.[8][9]

History of the Mosque’s Structure

According to Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī (d. 741 AH), the structure of the small mosque at the foot of Mount Uḥud had been destroyed by his time.[4] Similar reports are found in other sources from the 9th[10] and 10th centuries.[11]

A report from the 11th century AH mentions that the mosque had a width of approximately 18 cubits.[12] In the mid-14th century AH, the mosque had high walls but no roof, built during the Ottoman era.[13] According to a more recent report from 1418 AH, the walls of the mosque had been demolished, and only the southern wall, which contained the mihrab, remained relatively intact, standing at one and a half meters tall.[14]

Based on available images of Masjid Fasḥ, its current structure has been rebuilt as a rectangle with low stone walls. The walls are of uneven height, and a mihrab is located on the qibla wall. A canopy-like structure has been built over the mosque, and the interior is carpeted.[15]

Images of the Mosque

        1. Current Condition of the Mosque

Older Images of the Mosque

Notes

  1. Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 151.
  2. Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, Kaʿkī, vol. 2, p. 355.
  3. Wafāʾ al-Wafā, al-Samhūdī, vol. 3, p. 204.
  4. Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra, al-Muṭrī, p. 126.
  5. Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 154.
  6. Al-Sīra al-Nabawiyya, Ibn Hishām, vol. 3, p. 604.
  7. Tārīkh Madīna Ibn Shabba, p. 57.
  8. Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh, Kaʿkī, vol. 2, p. 362.
  9. Masājid al-Athariyya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 155.
  10. Wafāʾ al-Wafā, al-Samhūdī, vol. 3, p. 204.; Maghānim al-Muṭāba, Fīrūzābādī, vol. 2, p. 289.
  11. Durar al-Farāʾid, al-Anṣārī, vol. 3, p. 1630.
  12. ʿUmdat al-Akhbār, al-ʿAbbāsī, p. 163.
  13. Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan, p. 193.
  14. Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 185.
  15. Documentary images by users on Google Maps and the website Welcome Saudi.

References

  • Abū Zayd ʿUmar ibn Shabba. Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara. Qom: Dār al-Fikr, 1368 SH.

2. **Masājid al-Athariyya**, Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd, Medina, 2nd edition, 1419 AH. 3. **Al-Sīra al-Nabawiyya**, Ibn Hishām al-Ḥimyarī, Maktabat Muḥammad ʿAlī Ṣabīḥ wa Awlādihi, Egypt, 1383–1963 CE. 4. **Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra min maʿālim dār al-hijra**, Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭrī, edited by Sulaymān al-Raḥīlī, Riyadh: Dārat al-Malik ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, 1426 AH. 5. **Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-Miʿmāra wa al-Tārīkh**, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Kaʿkī, Medina: Self-published, 2011 CE. 6. **Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā**, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī, London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān lil-Turāth al-Islāmī, 2001 CE. 7. **Al-Maghānim al-Muṭāba fī Maʿālim Ṭāba**, Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb Fīrūzābādī, Riyadh: Dār al-Yamāma, 1389 AH. 8. **Durar al-Farāʾid al-Munaẓẓama fī Akhbār al-Ḥājj wa Ṭarīq Makka al-Muʿaẓẓama**, ʿAbd al-Qādir ibn Muḥammad al-Anṣārī, Riyadh: Dār al-Yamāma, 1429 AH. 9. **ʿUmdat al-Akhbār fī Madīnat al-Mukhtār**, Aḥmad al-ʿAbbāsī, edited by Muḥammad al-Ṭayyib al-Anṣārī, n.p., published by Asʿad Ṭarābuzūnī, n.d.