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==References==
==References==
{{References}}
{{References}}
*Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ‘’Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna’’. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 Sh.
*Ansārī, Nājī Muḥammad Ḥasan ʿabdu l-qādir al-. ''Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i nabawī''. Translated by ʿAbdu  l- Muḥammad, Āyatī, Tehran: Mashʿar, 1385 sh.
*Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ‘’Biḥār al-anwār’’. Second edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
*Baṣīrī, ʿAlī Riḍā. ''Gulwāzhihāy-i  ḥajj wa ʿumrah''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1387 sh.
*Najmī, Muḥammad Ṣādiq. ‘’Tārīkh-i ḥarām-i aʾimma-yi Baqīʿ wa āthār-i digār dar madīna-yi munawwara’’. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 Sh.
*Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa''. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt, 1414 AH.
*Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ‘’Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām wa al-Madīna al-sharīfa wa al-qabr al-sharīf’’. Edited by al-ʿAdwī, Mecca: Maktabat al-tijārīyya Muṣṭafā Aḥmad al-Bāz. 1416 AH.
*Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ''Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām wa al-Madīna al-sharīfa wa al-qabr al-sharīf''. Edited by al-ʿAdwī, Mecca: Maktabat al-tijārīyya Muṣṭafā Aḥmad al-Bāz. 1416 AH.
*Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. ‘’Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna’’. 4th edition. Qom: Nashr-i Mashʿar, 1381 Sh
*Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad b. Manīʿ al-Ḥāshimī al-Baṣrī. ''Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā''. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya,1410AH-1990.
*Ansārī, Nājī Muḥammad Ḥasan ʿabdu l-qādir al-. Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i nabawī. Translated by ʿAbdu  l- Muḥammad, Āyatī, Tehran: Mashʿar, 1385 sh.
*Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ''Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 Sh.
*Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Tahdhīb al-aḥkām’’. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH.
*Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Rawḍa min al-kāfī''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: 1389 AH
*wāʾiẓ khargūshī, ʿAbdu  l- Malik. Sharaf al- Muṣṭafā. Mecca: Dār al-Bashāʾir, 1424 AH.
*Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ''Biḥār al-anwār''. Second edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
*Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad b. Manīʿ al-Ḥāshimī al-Baṣrī. ‘’Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā’’. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya,1410AH-1990.
*Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ''Mirʾāt al-ʿuqūl''. Edited by Rasūlī Maḥallātī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1404 AH.
*Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ‘’Al-Rawḍa min al-kāfī’’. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: 1389 AH
*Najmī, Muḥammad Ṣādiq. ''Tārīkh-i ḥarām-i aʾimma-yi Baqīʿ wa āthār-i digār dar madīna-yi munawwara''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 Sh.
 
*Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. ''Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna''. 4th edition. Qom: Nashr-i Mashʿar, 1381 Sh
*Baṣīrī, ʿAlī Riḍā. Gulwāzhihāy-i  ḥajj wa ʿumrah. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1387 sh.
*Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Qom: Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1413 AH.
*Samhūdī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ''Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā''. Edited by Muḥammad Muḥyi al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: 1984.
*Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān’’. Edited by Muḥammad Jawād Balāghī. 3rd edition. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Nāṣir Khusraw, 1372 Sh.
*Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān’’. Edited by Muḥammad Jawād Balāghī. 3rd edition. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Nāṣir Khusraw, 1372 Sh.
*Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ‘’Mir’āt al-‘uqūl’’. Edited by Rasūlī Maḥallātī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1404 AH.
*Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām''. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH.
*Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ‘’Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh’’. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Qom: Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1413 AH.
*wāʿiẓ khargūshī, ʿAbdu  l- Malik. ''Sharaf al- Muṣṭafā''. Mecca: Dār al-Bashāʾir, 1424 AH.
*Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa’’. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt, 1414 AH.
*Samhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā’’. Edited by Muḥammad Muḥyi al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: 1984.

Revision as of 21:12, 13 September 2023

Fatima’s house or room, the house where lady Fatima(a), the daughter of the Prophet Muḥammad (a) lived after marrying Imām ʿAlī(a) and was located next to Masjid al-Nabī and next to the house of the Prophet and ʿĀʾisha. This house has been destroyed today and its current location is inside Masjid al-Nabī and within the area of the Prophet's(a) chamber and shrine.

In the historical sources, another house is also mentioned in Medina next to the Baqīʿ cemetery for Imām ʿAlī(a). There is a different opinion about whether the events after the death of the Prophet took place in the house of Fatima or in the second house of Imām ʿAlī(a).

Fatima's house in Masjid al-Nabī is one of the possible burial places of lady Fatima.

location

The house of Fatima(a), which is also known as the house of Imām ʿAlī(a), was located behind the house of the Prophet(a) (the house of ʿĀʾisha).[1] Behind this house from the north direction, there was the Tahajjud pillar[2] and next to that column there was the Tahajjud Miḥrāb,[3] where Prophet Muḥammad (a) used to spend the night in that place and pray at night, [4] and now it is the north side of the prophet's.[5] If someone stands in the Miḥrāb of Tahjjud, ‌‌Bāb-i Gibraʾīl is on his left.[6] and the of Maqām-i Gibraʾīl is on his right.[7]

This house was destroyed and now there is no trace of it. Its current location is inside the Prophet's(a) chamber and shrine[8] the sum of these two is called the Holy Chamber and its area is about 240 square meters.[9]

The doors of the house

Fatima's house had two doors: a door to the east; that is to the alley, and a door to the west; That is, inside the mosque and parallel to the pillar of wufūd and Ḥirs.[10] The door on the west side, which opens to the mosque, was located next to Maqām-i Gibraʾīl (The square pillar of the tomb).[11]The door that is now known as the door of Fatima's house on the side of ‌‌Bāb-i Gibraʾīl is the same door that opened to the alley.[12]

Demolition of Fatima's house and adding it to the mosque

This house remained until the time of Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik, the ʾUmayya caliph (R: 86-96 AH/705-714-5 AD). In the expansion of Masjid al-Nabī in the year 88 AH/706-7 AD by the order of Walīd and by the hand of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAziz, the governor of the Two Holy Mosques (87-93 AH/705-6 - 711-2 AD), Ḥasan al-Muthannā, the son of Imam Ḥasan Mujtabā(a), and Fatima, the daughter of Imam Ḥusayn(a), who lived there were forced out of it and the house was destroyed and then the house joined to the mosque.[13]

Prophet's room

Main article: Prophet's room

The Prophet's(a) room, which is also known as the al-sharīfa room, is the house where Prophet and ʿĀʾisha lived. This room was next to Masjid al-Nabī and next to Fatima's house. Prophet Muḥammad (a) was buried in this house.

ّImportance of the house of Fatima

According to a Narrative, Prophet(a) used to come to the door of Fatima's house for forty days and put his hand on the door frame and say: “اَلسَّلامُ عَلَیکُم یا اهلَ الْبَیت; Peace be upon you, Peace be upon you, O Ahl al-Bayt(people of the house)” and then reads the verse of Taṭhīr (purification), which is about the purity of the Ahl al-Bayt from impurity.[14]

The narration of Saddū al-Abwāb is also considered as one of the signs of importance of the house of Imam ʿAlī and Fātīma(a) and its residents. According to this narration, Prophet Muḥammad ordered to close the doors of houses that opened to the mosque, except the house of ʿAlī and Fātīma(a).[15]

Also, based on a narration from Prophet(a), the house of Fatima is considered the best example of the houses mentioned in verse 36 of Surah al-Noor; There are houses in which God's name is mentioned and the glorification of God is said in the morning and in the evening. [16]

This house is one of the places where it is believed that Fatima(a) was buried.[17]

Gallery

  • A miḥrāb known as Miḥrāb of Fatima, which is located in the area of Fatima's house in the Prophet's Shrine section..

    A miḥrāb known as Miḥrāb of Fatima, which is located in the area of Fatima's house in the Prophet's Shrine section..

  • A door known as the door of Fatima's house in Masjid al-Nabī

    A door known as the door of Fatima's house in Masjid al-Nabī

Notes

  1. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna, p. 203; Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām, p. 270.
  2. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 47,58; Ansārī, Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i Nabawī, p. 81; Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām, p. 270.
  3. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 47.
  4. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 47.
  5. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, p. 219.
  6. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 47; Ansārī, Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i Nabawī, p. 81; Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām, p. 270.
  7. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, p. 228-229.
  8. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, p. 203,210; Baṣīrī, Gulwāzhihāy-i ḥajj wa ʿumrah, p. 412.
  9. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, p. 219; Baṣīrī, Gulwāzhihāy-i ḥajj wa ʿumrah, p. 412.
  10. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna, p. 203; Najmī, Tārīkh-i ḥarām-i aʾimma-yi Baqīʿ, p. 152.
  11. ↑ Ansārī, Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i nabawī, p. 80,81; Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, vol. 2, p. 46,57.
  12. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna, p. 203.
  13. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, p. Vol. 2, P. 89-90.
  14. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, Vol. 2, p. 46. wāʿiẓ khargūshī, Sharaf al- Muṣṭafā, Vol. 2, p. 445.
  15. ↑ Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa, vol. 2, p. 205; Kulaynī, Al-Rawḍa min al-kāfī, vol. 5, p. 340; Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, vol. 2, p. 63,67.
  16. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān vol. 7, p. 227; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 23, p. 325; Majlisī, Mirʾāt al-ʿuqūl, vol. 5; p. 68.
  17. ↑ Ṣadūq, Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh, vol. 2, p. 572; Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-aḥkām, vol. 6, p. 9; Qāʾidān,Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna, p. 208.

References

  • Ansārī, Nājī Muḥammad Ḥasan ʿabdu l-qādir al-. Taʿmīr wa tawsiʿa masjid-i sharīf-i nabawī. Translated by ʿAbdu l- Muḥammad, Āyatī, Tehran: Mashʿar, 1385 sh.
  • Baṣīrī, ʿAlī Riḍā. Gulwāzhihāy-i ḥajj wa ʿumrah. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1387 sh.
  • Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt, 1414 AH.
  • Ibn Diyāʾ al-Makkī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. Tārīkh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-ḥarām wa al-Madīna al-sharīfa wa al-qabr al-sharīf. Edited by al-ʿAdwī, Mecca: Maktabat al-tijārīyya Muṣṭafā Aḥmad al-Bāz. 1416 AH.
  • Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad b. Manīʿ al-Ḥāshimī al-Baṣrī. Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya,1410AH-1990.
  • Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 Sh.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. Al-Rawḍa min al-kāfī. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: 1389 AH
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Second edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Mirʾāt al-ʿuqūl. Edited by Rasūlī Maḥallātī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1404 AH.
  • Najmī, Muḥammad Ṣādiq. Tārīkh-i ḥarām-i aʾimma-yi Baqīʿ wa āthār-i digār dar madīna-yi munawwara. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 Sh.
  • Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmi Makka wa Madīna. 4th edition. Qom: Nashr-i Mashʿar, 1381 Sh
  • Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Qom: Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1413 AH.
  • Samhūdī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā. Edited by Muḥammad Muḥyi al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: 1984.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān’’. Edited by Muḥammad Jawād Balāghī. 3rd edition. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Nāṣir Khusraw, 1372 Sh.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Tahdhīb al-aḥkām. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH.
  • wāʿiẓ khargūshī, ʿAbdu l- Malik. Sharaf al- Muṣṭafā. Mecca: Dār al-Bashāʾir, 1424 AH.
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