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Suqyā Mosque(Arabic: مسجد السقیا) is one of the mosques in Medina, which is located in the southeast part of Medina railway station, in ʿAnbarīyya neighborhood. This mosque is called Suqyā; Because it is located in the Suqyā region and near the Suqyā well. On the way to Badr, the Prophet saw his army in Suqyā, did his prayer, prayed for the people of Medina and drank water from the well of Suqyā.

Location

Suqyā Mosque is located inside the fence of ʿAnbarīyya railway station and in its southeast. The well of Suqyā is located in the south of that mosque, and Tariq Makka Street separates the two(the well and the mosque). Currently, the Suqyā Mosque is located inside the railway station.

Reason for naming

This mosque is called Saqiya; Because it is located in the Saqiya region and near the Saqiya well.[3Abdu-l Ghanī, Muḥammad ʾIlyās. Al-Masājid al-Atharīyya fī al- madīna al-munawwarap.102. ] Dome of the heads From the 11th century onwards, this mosque was also known as the Dome of the Heads.[4. Anṣārī, ʿAbdu-l quddūs al-. Athār madīna al-munawwarap.136 .] According to Ali Hafez, it was called the Dome of the Heads because the Ottoman Turks used to cut off the heads of desert bandits and put them there.[5. Anṣārī, ʿAbdu-l quddūs al-. Athār madīna al-munawwara. P.136. Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. ‘’Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara p.146’’] According to Ayashi, the historian of Medina, the name of this mosque is bad, and this name is n. ot worthy of the mosque. [6. ʿAyyāshī, Ibrāhīm .Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir p192] Prophet (PBUH) in Suqiya On the way from Madinah to Badr (in the Battle of Badr), Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) stopped in Suqiya and prayed and prayed: Just as God blessed the people of Mecca after the prayer of Prophet Abraham (pbuh), may He also bless the people of Medina. [7. Tirmidhī, Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā al-. ‘’Al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥīḥ’’vol.5.p528] It is said that the Prophet saw his army in this place.[8. Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. ‘’Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara’vol 1.p72’] (pbuh) drank water from the Saqqiya well on his way to Badr.[9.Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad b. Manīʿ al-Ḥāshimī al-Baṣrī. ‘’Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā’’ vol.1p504]

History of Saqqiya Mosque Ibn al-Shaba considers this mosque as one of the mosques where the Prophet (pbuh) prayed. [10. Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. ‘’Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara’’vol.1.p72] According to Samhoudi’s report, Omar bin Abdulaziz built this mosque at the place of the Prophet (pbuh)’s prayer. According to the words of Samhoudi, quoted by Abu Abdullah Asadi, one of the historians of the first centuries, this mosque was famous as one of the historical mosques of Medina.[11.amhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafāvol3.p198 ] Samhoudi’s report about Saqiya Mosque At the time of Samkhodi, this mosque was destroyed. He went to the place of the mosque and seeing a big building stone, he ordered to dig there. After the exploration, the mihrab and the four corners of the Saqqah Mosque appeared. Based on the decorations and carvings of the stones that were discovered, Samhoudi believed that this building was built during the time of Umar Ibn Abdul Aziz. [12. amhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā vol3.p200.] According to Samhoudi’s report, the Saqqia Mosque in his time, on its original foundations, which is a square with an area of about seven cubits by seven It was a cubit, it was rebuilt.[13. amhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā vol3.p200] Ahmad Abbasi’s report in the 11th century also confirms the area of this mosque.[14 Abbāsī, Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd.ʿUmdat al-akhbārp.189. ] According to a report from 1073 A.H. (1662 A.D.), this mosque is located on the left side of the road leading to Madinah from the Aqeeq route, in the western Hara.[15. ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad. ‘’Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya’’vol.1.p395] Yasin Khayari’s theory Scholars of the first and middle centuries are of the same opinion that the Saghia Mosque is a historical mosque that is located inside the railway station today. Yasin Al-Khiari, a contemporary historian of Medina, said: the ruined building that was located next to the Saqiya well in his time and was destroyed for the development of the road, is the Saqiya Mosque. [16 Khiyārī, Sayyid Aḥmad Yāsīn.Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan.p.149] This dilapidated building is clearly visible in the picture he gave in his book. Muhammad Elias Abdul Ghani, with several reasons, has proved the famous theory and rejected the theory of Khayari.[17 Abdu-l Ghanī, Muḥammad ʾIlyās. Al-Masājid al-Atharīyya fī al- madīna al-munawwara. 102] Description of the mosque Shenqiati describes the Saqqiya Mosque as follows: “Inside the buildings of the railway station, from the south, the Saqqiya Mosque can be seen, which has triple domes. The middle dome is bigger”.[18 Shanqīṭī, Muḥammad al-ʾAmīn al-. Al-Durr al-thamīna fī maʿālim dār al-rasūl p237] The mosque building has vertical and horizontal sections and consists of three empty spaces or gaps covered by three domes. The middle dome is the biggest of all the domes. Its altar is in the Qiblah wall. In half of the north, east and west walls of its building, an arched and crescent-shaped valve with a circular arch is installed. The walls are plastered with white plaster.[19. Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī, Muṣṭafā.Al-madīna al-munawwara taṭawwurihā al-ʿumrānī wa turāthiha al-miʿmārī. P.209.210]

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