Gabriel: Difference between revisions

According to Shia narrations, the descent of Adam and Eve from Paradise to the land of Mecca, and the placement of Adam (peace be upon him) on Mount Safa and Eve on Mount Marwah, was carried out by God’s command and through Gabriel (a).

Then Gabriel (a), by God’s command, erected one of the heavenly tents at the place where the Ka'ba was later built and placed [[Adam (Prophet)|Adam]] and Eve in it.

The light of the tent’s pillar illuminated the mountains of [[Mecca]] and its surroundings, and God named the area reached by the pillar’s light as the Sacred Sanctuary (Haram).

Then Gabriel (a), by God’s command, dismantled the tent and built the Ka'ba in its place.<ref>al-Kulaynī , "Al-Kāfī", vol. 4, p. 195–197; al-ʿAyāshī , "Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī ", vol. 1,  p. 35–38.</ref>

On the eighth day of Dhu al-Hijjah, Adam (a) was commanded to perform Ghusl (ritual purification) and enter Ihram, and then the rituals of Hajj, such as Talbiyah, standing at Mina and [[Arafat]], [[Taqsir or Halq|Halq]] (shaving the head), stoning the Jamrah, and [[Tawaf]], were taught to him.<ref>al-Qummī , "Tafsīr al-Qummī" , vol. 1, p. 44–45; al-Kulaynī , " al-Kāfī", vol. 4, p. 191–194.</ref>

According to Sunni narrations, Gabriel (a) also accompanied Adam (a) in the plains of Arafat and [[Mina]].

In Arafat, he reminded Adam that the angels had performed Tawaf around the House of God fifty thousand years before his creation.<ref>al-Ḥalabī , "Al-Sīrah al-Ḥalabiyyah", vol. 1, p. 219; al-Ṣāliḥī , "Subul al-Hudā" ,vol. 1, p. 209; al-Suyūṭī , "al-Durr al-Manthūr", vol. 1, p. 315.</ref> When parting from Adam(a) in the land of Mina, he said: “Tamann” means: “Ask God for whatever you wish.<ref>al-ʿAynī ,"ʿUmdat al-Qārī", vol. 7, p. 118. </ref>

According to a Shia narration, Gabriel(a) said these words to [[Abraham (a)|Abraham]].<ref>al-Ṣadūq," ʿUyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 1, p. 98.</ref>

For this reason, this land was named Mina.<ref>al-Ṣadūq," ʿUyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 1, p. 98.</ref>Teaching Abraham and Ishmael After Hagar and Ishmael settled in Mecca, causing the Zamzam water to flow beneath Ishmael’s feet was one of Gabriel’s (a) missions.<ref>al-Ṣadūq," Al-Khiṣāl, vol. 1, p. 455; Ibn Isḥāq , "Sīrat Ibn Isḥāq", p. 26; al-Kulaynī, " al-Kāfī", vol. 4, p. 202.</ref>

For this reason, one of the names of Zamzam is Raqdat Jibril (the place where Gabriel stepped).<ref>al-Ṣadūq," Al-Khiṣāl", p. 455; al-ʿAynī ,"ʿUmdat al-Qārī", vol. 9, p. 277.</ref>

When Abraham(a) was commanded by God to build the Ka'ba, Gabriel (a) showed him its location.<ref>Sūrat al-Ḥajj (22), verse, 26;

Then, upon reaching the location of the Black Stone, he sent Ishmael(a) to bring a stone for that place.* (37)** <ref>Al-Mustadrak, vol. 1, p. 629.</ref>

Abraham and Ishmael (a) asked God to teach them the rituals of Hajj.<ref>Sūrat al-Baqarah (2), verse, 128.</ref>

Gabriel (a) came to the two of them and taught them the rituals of Hajj.<ref>al-Kulaynī , " Al-Kāfī" ,vol. 4, p. 202–203; Abū al-Fatḥ Rāzī , " Rawḍ al-Jinān", vol. 2, p. 160/ 171; al-Qurṭubī, " Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī" , vol. 2, p. 128–129.</ref>

According to some Sunni narrations, Abraham, with Gabriel’s guidance, determined and marked the boundaries of the Sacred Sanctuary of Mecca.<ref>al-Fākhī, " Akhbār Makkah" , vol. 2, p. 259; al-Ṣanʿānī, " al-Muṣannaf " ,vol. 5, p. 25.</ref>