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'''Fakh''' is an area in the north of [[Mecca]], near [[Al-Tan'im Mosque|al-tanʾim mosque]], about four kilometers from [[Masjid al-Haram]]. | '''Fakh''' is an area in the north of [[Mecca]], near [[Al-Tan'im Mosque|al-tanʾim mosque]], about four kilometers from [[Masjid al-Haram]]. | ||
According to Shia jurists, this place is the location where children enter into ihram. The cemetery of the martyrs of Fakh is also located here. | According to Shia jurists, this place is the location where children enter into [[ihram]]. The cemetery of the [[martyrs of Fakh]] is also located here. | ||
This cemetery is the burial site of Husayn | This cemetery is the burial site of Husayn b. Ali (known as Sahib al-Fakh) and a number of [[Hasanid nobles]] who were martyred in the battle against the Abbasids in the year 169 AH/785-6 at Fakh. | ||
According to historians, the graves of some companions of the Prophet — including Abdullah ibn Umar | According to historians, the graves of some companions of the Prophet — including Abdullah ibn Umar b. al-Khattab — were also located in this area but were demolished during the Saudi period. | ||
According to some narrations, the Prophet prayed in this place, foretold the martyrdom of one of his descendants, and wept in mourning for him. | According to some narrations, the Prophet prayed in this place, foretold the martyrdom of one of his descendants, and wept in mourning for him. | ||
==Virtue and Importance== | ==Virtue and Importance== | ||
According to a narration, [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|prophet muhammad]] ( | According to a narration, [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|prophet muhammad]] (s), when traveling from [[Medina]] to [[Mecca]], performed [[ghusl]] in Fakh— which was six miles from Mecca at that time [and is now considered part of the city]— before entering [[Mecca]].<ref>al-Ḥimyarī , " Al-Rawḍ al-miʿṭār fī khabar al-aqṭār" , p. 436.</ref> | ||
According to another narration, the Prophet ( | According to another narration, the Prophet (s) stood in prayer at this place and wept during the prayer. | ||
The Prophet stated that the reason for his weeping was the martyrdom of one of his descendants in this location.<ref>Abū al-Faraj Isfahānī, '' Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn '', p. 366-367.</ref> | The Prophet stated that the reason for his weeping was the martyrdom of one of his descendants in this location.<ref>Abū al-Faraj Isfahānī, '' Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn '', p. 366-367.</ref> | ||
Additionally, Imam al- | Additionally, [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]], while passing through this place, foretold the martyrdom of one of his family members in this location.<ref>Abū al-Faraj Isfahānī, '' Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn '',p. 367; Muḥaddith Qummī ," Muntahā al-ʾĀmāl. ", vol. 1, p. 261.</ref> | ||
Shaykh | Shaykh Tusi, in his book Rijal, has considered Sahib al-Fakh to be among the companions of Imam al-Sadiq (a).<ref>al-Ṭūsī , "Rijāl al-Ṭūsī ", p. 489.</ref> | ||
It has been narrated that Imam al- | It has been narrated that [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]] honored and praised the martyr of Fakh.<ref> Abū al-Faraj Isfahānī, '' Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn '',p. 380. | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
==Location== | ==Location== | ||
Fakh, or Wādī Zāhir (Zahir Valle) | Fakh, or Wādī Zāhir (Zahir Valle)<ref>Fāsī, '' Shifāʾ al-Gharām '', vol. 1,p. 472.</ref> | ||
It is the name of an area in the north of Mecca, near | It is the name of an area in the north of Mecca, near [[Al-Tan'im Mosque]]. | ||
This place is located 4 kilometers from al-Masjid al-Ḥarām | This place is located 4 kilometers from [[Al-Masjid al-Haram|Masjid al-Ḥarām]]. | ||
Today, this place is referred to as “Ḥayyu al-Shuhadā’” (the Neighborhood of the Martyrs). | Today, this place is referred to as “Ḥayyu al-Shuhadā’” (the Neighborhood of the Martyrs). | ||
==The Cemetery of the Martyrs of Fakh== | ==The Cemetery of the Martyrs of Fakh== | ||
In the Fakh area, there is a mountain at the foot of which lies a cemetery known as the Cemetery of the Martyrs of Fakh. | [[file:فخ.jpg|بندانگشتی|Image of a part of fakh graveyard.]] | ||
The martyrs of Fakh were a group of | In the Fakh area, there is a mountain at the foot of which lies a cemetery known as the Cemetery of the Martyrs of Fakh.<ref>Jaʿfarīān, ''Āthār Islāmiyya Makkah wa Madīnah'' , p. 199-200.</ref> | ||
The martyrs of Fakh were a group of [[sadat Hasani]] (descendants of Imam Hasan) who were martyred in the battle against the Abbasids in the year 169 AH/785-6 at this place. According to the latest contemporary sources, this cemetery is relatively spacious but has been divided into three sections due to the road.<ref>Ibn Khaldūn, ''Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn'' vol. 5,p. 148.</ref> | |||
According to some reports from the year 1391 SH (2012-2013 CE), the Cemetery of the Martyrs of Fakh was destroyed and turned into a garbage dump. | Part of it is about two meters above street level, and the main section is enclosed by a courtyard wall with a gate that is always closed. It is said that the grave of Husayn ibn ʿAlī (the martyr of Fakh) is located within this walled enclosure.<ref>Jaʿfarīān, ''Āthār Islāmiyya Makkah wa Madīnah'' , p. 199-200.</ref> | ||
According to some reports from the year 1391 SH (2012-2013 CE), the Cemetery of the Martyrs of Fakh was destroyed and turned into a garbage dump.<ref>[https://www.isna.ir/news/91090602351/%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4-%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B9%D9%87-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85-%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A8-%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C ایسنا، کد خبر: 91090602351]</ref> | |||
==The Martyr of Fakh== | ==The Martyr of Fakh== | ||