Dahw al-Ard: Difference between revisions
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Contemporary Shia scholar, Shahristani offers an alternative interpretation of "Dahw al-Ard." Unlike traditional views of expansion or spreading, he posits that the term refers to the earth's positional and translational movement. Shahristani considers the notion of physical expansion derived from "dahw" to be a misinterpretation.<ref>Shahristānī, ''Islām wa hayʾat'', p. 141-161; Ashraf Ḥasanī, ''Zamīn wa āsimān dar Qurʾān wa nahj al-balāgha'', p. 55.</ref> | Contemporary Shia scholar, Shahristani offers an alternative interpretation of "Dahw al-Ard." Unlike traditional views of expansion or spreading, he posits that the term refers to the earth's positional and translational movement. Shahristani considers the notion of physical expansion derived from "dahw" to be a misinterpretation.<ref>Shahristānī, ''Islām wa hayʾat'', p. 141-161; Ashraf Ḥasanī, ''Zamīn wa āsimān dar Qurʾān wa nahj al-balāgha'', p. 55.</ref> | ||
A further interpretation of Dahw al-Ard suggests the earth's preparation for life. This process, according to these scholars, entailed the emergence of subterranean waters, enabling plant growth and establishing stable mountain ranges to overcome environmental challenges.<ref>Fakhr al-Rāzī, ''Al-Tafsīr al- | A further interpretation of Dahw al-Ard suggests the earth's preparation for life. This process, according to these scholars, entailed the emergence of subterranean waters, enabling plant growth and establishing stable mountain ranges to overcome environmental challenges.<ref>Fakhr al-Rāzī, ''Al-Tafsīr al-kabīr'', vol. 31, P. 48; Ibn Kathīr, ''Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿaẓīm'', vol. 1, p. 123.</ref> | ||
Given the earth's spherical shape, the concept of material expansion related to Dahw al-Ard is often rejected.<ref>Nasafī, ''Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-jalīl'', vol. 4, p. 315; Marāghī, ''Tafsīr al-Marāghī'', vol. 30, p. 31-32.</ref> Some scholars instead interpret this term as the enlargement of habitable land areas, as perceived by humans, rather than a global expansion.<ref>Shaʿrānī, ''Nathr-i ṭūba'', vol. 1, p. 253.</ref> | Given the earth's spherical shape, the concept of material expansion related to Dahw al-Ard is often rejected.<ref>Nasafī, ''Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-jalīl'', vol. 4, p. 315; Marāghī, ''Tafsīr al-Marāghī'', vol. 30, p. 31-32.</ref> Some scholars instead interpret this term as the enlargement of habitable land areas, as perceived by humans, rather than a global expansion.<ref>Shaʿrānī, ''Nathr-i ṭūba'', vol. 1, p. 253.</ref> | ||
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The Quranic verses 27-33 in Sura al-Nazi'at (79) describe the expansion of the earth following the creation of the heavens. Verse 30 specifically employs the phrase "{{inline verse|والارض بعد ذلک دحاها}}" (and thereafter He spread the earth) to illustrate this concept.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān'', vol. 10, p. 660; Samarqandī, ''Tafsīr al-Samarqandī'', vol. 3, p. 522; Baghawī, ''Tafsir al-Baghawī'', vol. 4, p. 444.</ref> | The Quranic verses 27-33 in Sura al-Nazi'at (79) describe the expansion of the earth following the creation of the heavens. Verse 30 specifically employs the phrase "{{inline verse|والارض بعد ذلک دحاها}}" (and thereafter He spread the earth) to illustrate this concept.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān'', vol. 10, p. 660; Samarqandī, ''Tafsīr al-Samarqandī'', vol. 3, p. 522; Baghawī, ''Tafsir al-Baghawī'', vol. 4, p. 444.</ref> | ||
Sura al-Shams (91), verse 6, includes an oath by "the earth and its expander," using the phrase "{{inline verse|وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا طَحَاهَا}}." Some scholars propose that the root of "taha" is "daha," with a linguistic transformation from "dal" to "ta." They interpret "taha" in this context as meaning "expanding," "spreading," or "extending."<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Tibyān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān'', vol. 10, p. 358; Fakhr al-Rāzī,''al-Tafsīr al- | Sura al-Shams (91), verse 6, includes an oath by "the earth and its expander," using the phrase "{{inline verse|وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا طَحَاهَا}}." Some scholars propose that the root of "taha" is "daha," with a linguistic transformation from "dal" to "ta." They interpret "taha" in this context as meaning "expanding," "spreading," or "extending."<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Tibyān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān'', vol. 10, p. 358; Fakhr al-Rāzī,''al-Tafsīr al-kabīr'', vol. 31, p. 192; Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', vol. 15, p. 4; word «طحا».</ref> | ||
==Expansion of the Earth from Beneath the Ka'ba== | ==Expansion of the Earth from Beneath the Ka'ba== | ||
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*Baḥrānī, Yūsuf al-. ''Al-Ḥadāʾiq al-nāḍira fī aḥkām al-ʿitrat al-ṭāhira''. Edited by Muḥammad Taqī Īrawānī and Sayyid ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Muqarram. Qom: Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1405 AH. | *Baḥrānī, Yūsuf al-. ''Al-Ḥadāʾiq al-nāḍira fī aḥkām al-ʿitrat al-ṭāhira''. Edited by Muḥammad Taqī Īrawānī and Sayyid ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Muqarram. Qom: Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1405 AH. | ||
*Dihkhudā, ʿAlī Akbar. ''Lughatnāma''. Tehran: Dānishgāh-i Tehrān, 1377 Sh. | *Dihkhudā, ʿAlī Akbar. ''Lughatnāma''. Tehran: Dānishgāh-i Tehrān, 1377 Sh. | ||
*Fakhr al-Rāzī, Muḥammad b. al-ʿUmar al-. ''Al-Tafsīr al- | *Fakhr al-Rāzī, Muḥammad b. al-ʿUmar al-. ''Al-Tafsīr al-kabīr''. Qom: Intishārāt-i Daftar-i Tablīghāt-i Islāmī, 1413 AH. | ||
* Ashraf Ḥasanī, Amīr ʿAlī. ''Zamīn wa āsimān dar Qurʾān wa nahj al-balāgha''. Tehran: Amīrī, 1380 Sh. | * Ashraf Ḥasanī, Amīr ʿAlī. ''Zamīn wa āsimān dar Qurʾān wa nahj al-balāgha''. Tehran: Amīrī, 1380 Sh. | ||
*Ḥasanzāda Āmulī, Ḥasan. ''Durūs hayʾat wa dīgar rishtihā-yi rīyāḍī''. Qom: Daftar-i Tablīghāt-i Islāmī, 1375 Sh. | *Ḥasanzāda Āmulī, Ḥasan. ''Durūs hayʾat wa dīgar rishtihā-yi rīyāḍī''. Qom: Daftar-i Tablīghāt-i Islāmī, 1375 Sh. | ||