Curtain of the Ka'ba: Difference between revisions
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Today, the curtain is woven in a dedicated workshop in [[Mecca]] and consists of five pieces, each covering one of the walls of the Ka'ba, with an additional piece allocated for the door. | Today, the curtain is woven in a dedicated workshop in [[Mecca]] and consists of five pieces, each covering one of the walls of the Ka'ba, with an additional piece allocated for the door. | ||
==Word and Concept | ==Word and Concept== | ||
The Arabic phrase "{{ia|كسوة الكعبة}}" means curtain or garment of the Ka'ba. This black covering adorns the structure of the Ka'ba, except the [[Black Stone]].<ref>Ibn Fāris. ''Muʿjam maqāyīs al-lugha'', vol. 3, p. 132; Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 122.</ref> | The Arabic phrase "{{ia|كسوة الكعبة}}" means curtain or garment of the [[Ka'ba]]. This black covering adorns the structure of the Ka'ba, except the [[Black Stone]].<ref>Ibn Fāris. ''Muʿjam maqāyīs al-lugha'', vol. 3, p. 132; Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 122.</ref> | ||
Covering Ka'ba with a curtain is a symbol of respect.<ref>Baḥr al-ʿUlūm, ''Al-Tuḥfat al-kirām'', p. 159-160.</ref> And it constitutes a part of the history of the Ka'ba.<ref>Nāblusī, ''Kashf al-nūr'', p. 14; Subḥānī, ''Al- Tawḥīd wa al-shirk'', p. 210.</ref> There has also been a specific position for the custodian of the curtain's affairs, known as [[hijabat]], from the past until now. | |||
Additionally, curtain of the Ka'ba is the subject of certain legal rulings, with the most significant being the permission to cover the Ka'ba with silk.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿiyya ʿalā madhhab al-imāmiyya'', vol. 4, p. 363; Samhūdī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 2, p. 140; Bahūtī, ''Kashf al-qināʿ'', vol. 3, p. 180.</ref> | Additionally, curtain of the Ka'ba is the subject of certain legal rulings, with the most significant being the permission to cover the Ka'ba with silk.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿiyya ʿalā madhhab al-imāmiyya'', vol. 4, p. 363; Samhūdī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 2, p. 140; Bahūtī, ''Kashf al-qināʿ'', vol. 3, p. 180.</ref> Impermissibility of tearing, cutting, buying, and selling the curtain of the Ka'ba according to the viewpoint of some Shia Muslims and also some followers of the Shafi'i school, is contrary to the common perspective among Sunnis.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 7, p. 380; Rāfiʿī, ''Fatḥ al-ʿazīz'', vol. 7, p. 513.</ref> Permissibility or impermissibility of adorning it with gold and silver,<ref>Shirwānī, ''Al-Ḥawāshī'', vol. 1, p. 121; Ḥalabī, ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya'', vol. 1, p. 280.</ref>and permission to enter behind the curtain for supplication.<ref>Damyāṭī, ''Iʿāna al-ṭālibīn'', vol. 2, p. 95.</ref> | ||
== | ==History == | ||
There is a difference of opinion regarding who first covered the [[Ka'ba]]. Some narratives attribute this action to [[Prophet Adam]].<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2, p. 235; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 13, p. 208.</ref> Some historical accounts suggest that one of the kings of Himyar in [[Yemen]] was the first to cover the Ka'ba, around the year 190 or 220 | There is a difference of opinion regarding who first covered the [[Ka'ba]]. Some narratives attribute this action to [[Prophet Adam]].<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2, p. 235; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 13, p. 208.</ref> Some historical accounts suggest that one of the kings of Himyar in [[Yemen]] was the first to cover the Ka'ba, around the year 190 or 220 before the Bi'tha.<ref>Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, ''Fatḥ al-bārī bi sharḥ ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'', vol. 3, p. 365-366; Ḥalabī, ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya'', vol. 1, p. 280; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 291; Fākihī, ''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥadīthih'', vol. 5, p. 230-231.</ref> | ||
Weaving of new curtains for the [[Ka'ba]] continued by the [[Quraysh]], and after the advent of Islam, it was carried on by the Prophet and his successors. This practice experienced significant development during certain periods of the [[Abbasid era]], with garment of the Ka'ba being occasionally replaced three times a year.<ref>Ḥalabī, ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya'', vol. 1, p. 281; Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 211; Amīn, ''Kashf al-irtīyāb'', p. 360.</ref>Kings of other Islamic lands <ref>Ibn Kathīr, ''Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya'', vol. 13, p. 26.</ref> And some wealthy individuals would occasionally procure curtain of the Ka'ba and send it to [[Mecca]].<ref>Ibn Khaldūn, ''Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn'', vol. 3, p. 513; Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, ''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh'', vol. 11, p. 65; Nawīrī, ''Nihāyat al-irb'', vol. 23, p. 284.</ref> | |||
===The weaving of curtain of the Ka'ba in Egypt=== | ===The weaving of curtain of the Ka'ba in Egypt=== | ||