Al-Rayah Mosque (Medina): Difference between revisions

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'''Al-Rāyah Mosque''' (Arabic: مسجد الرایه) (Means: Flag Mosque), also known as Al-Dhubāb Mosque and Qarin Mosque, is a mosque located in the north of [[Medina]] on top of [[Mount Dhubab]].
'''Al-Rāyah Mosque''' (Arabic: مسجد الرایه) (Means: Flag Mosque), also known as Al-Dhubāb Mosque and Qarin Mosque, is a mosque located in the north of [[Medina]] on top of [[Mount Dhubab]].
During the Battle of Ahzab, a tent was erected for the Prophet (s) on top of Mount Dhubab where he prayed. Afterward, Muslims constructed the Al-Rayah Mosque to honor and commemorate this location.
 
During the [[Battle of Ahzab]], a tent was erected for the Prophet (s) on top of Mount Dhubab where he prayed. Later, Muslims built the Al-Rayah Mosque to commemorate this place.
==Location==
==Location==


The Dhabab Mosque is situated on the right side of Uthman ibn Affan Street, <ref>Kaʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 160,164.</ref>  
Dhubab Mosque is located to the northwest of the [[Masjid al-nabi]]<ref>ʿAbd al-Ghanī, '' Masājid al-Ātharīyah'', p. 80.</ref>
It is situated on the small Mount Dhubab, on the right side of Uthman b. Affan Street.<ref>ʿAbd al-Ghanī, '' Masājid al-Ātharīyah'', p. 80.</ref>
It is situated on the small Mount Dhubab, on the right side of Uthman b. Affan Street.<ref>Kaʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 160,164.</ref>  
This mountain is to the east of [[Mount Sala']] and near [[Thaniyat al-Wada']].<ref>ʿIyāshī, '' Al-Riḥlah al-ʿIyāshīyah'', vol. 1, p.  396.</ref>
This mountain is situated east of the [[Sal'a]] mountain and near the [[Thaniyya Al-Wada]] area. .<ref>ʿIyāshī, '' Al-Riḥlah al-ʿIyāshīyah'', vol. 1, p.  396.</ref>


===Current Status===
===Current Status===
The entrance of Al-Rayah Mosque is located on the (south), the side which facing the Qibla.<ref>Kaʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 168.</ref> The mosque has a simple appearance and does not have a minaret or prominent verses or inscriptions inside or outside of it.<ref>Kaʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 172.</ref>
The entrance to Al-Rayah Mosque is on the qibla and the south side. <ref>Kaʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 168.</ref> The mosque has a simple appearance and does not have any minaret or prominent verses or designs inside or outside. <ref>Kaʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 172.</ref>
By the end of 2022, the mosque underwent reconstruction, transforming its look from white to a light stone color, and by the end of 2023, the neighboring houses were demolished.<ref>[https://www.spa.gov.sa/N2064796 Website of Saudi Press Agency (SPA)]</ref>
In late 2022, the mosque underwent reconstruction, resulting in a transformation of its appearance from a white color to a more traditional stone-like style. However, by the end of 2023, the surrounding houses have been demolished. <ref>[https://www.spa.gov.sa/N2064796 Website of Saudi Press Agency (SPA)]</ref>




==Background==
During the [[Battle of Ahzab]] (in the fifth year of the Hijra) and while digging the trench around Medina, a tent was set up for the Prophet (s) to provide relief and oversee the excavation work. It was in this tent that the Prophet (s) would perform his prayers.<ref>Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá '', vol. 3, p. 201.</ref>
==Names==
It appears that the reason for naming this mosque as Masjid al-Rayah (Flag Mosque) is that the flag of the supporters was raised in this location during the Battle of [[Harrah]](63 AH). <ref>Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá '', vol. 3, p. 204.</ref>
It is also possible that this name is due to the placement of the flag of Islam on this mountain during the Battle of Khandaq (The Trench).<ref>Shanqīṭī, ''  Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn '' , p. 71. </ref>
Furthermore, it has been stated that Dhubab was the name of a man who was hanged by [[Marwan ibn Hakam]] on top of this mosque. <ref>Namīrī, "Tārīkh al-Madīnah Munawwarah", p. 262.</ref>
Another name for this mosque is "Qarin Mosque".<ref>ʿAbd al-Ghanī, '' Masājid al-Ātharīyah'', p. 80.</ref>
==History==
==History==
During the [[Battle of the Ahzab]](5 AH/627) and while digging the trench around Medina, a tent was erected for [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|the Prophet (s)]] at this location to rest and oversee the trench digging activities. The Prophet (s) also prayed there.<ref>Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá '', vol. 3, p. 201.</ref>
According to one of evidences, Masjid Al-Rayah was first built during the reign of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz in Medina. <ref> al-Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá '', vol. 3, p. 202.</ref>
==Names==
The mosque building had been destroyed during a period before the 9th century AH, and around 845 AH/1441-2, it was reconstructed by Amir Janbak al-Nayruzi.<ref>Anṣārī, ''Āthār al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah'', p. 129.</ref>
Apparently, the reason for naming this mosque Al-Rayah Mosque is that the flag of the Prophet's companion, [[Muslim b. Uqbah]], was raised at this location during the [[Battle of Harrah]] (63 AH/683).<ref>Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá '', vol. 3, p. 204.</ref>
In addition, several Saudi historians have seen and described this mosque at different times. Abdul Qudous Ansari (died 1403 AH) saw the mosque in the late 14th century and found that the length and width of the building was 4 meters and the height was 6 meters. Ansari believed that the stone construction of the mosque was similar to its 9th-century construction.<ref>Anṣārī, ''Āthār al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah'', p. 129.</ref>
It is also possible that this name is due to the placement of the Islamic flag on this mountain during the Battle of the Ahzab.<ref>Shanqīṭī, ''  Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn '' , p. 71. </ref>
Shanqiti (died 1393 AH) also described the mosque as an outdated stone building from 1405. According to him, the mosque has only one main room and a courtyard without doors.<ref>Shanqīṭī, ''  Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn '' , p. 172.</ref>
It has also been said that Dhu'bab was the name of a man whom [[Marwan b. Hakam]] hanged on top of this mosque.<ref>Namīrī, "Tārīkh al-Madīnah Munawwarah", p. 262.</ref>
Elias Abdul Ghani describes in al-Athriya mosque that the interior and exterior of the building were painted in 1418 AH and had a roofed prayer hall, which extends the space of the mosque, where the five prayers are held.<ref>ʿAbd al-Ghanī, '' Masājid al-Ātharīyah'', p. 80.</ref>
Another name for it is "Qarin Mosque".<ref>ʿAbd al-Ghanī, '' Masājid al-Ātharīyah'', p. 80.</ref>
In his book published in 2011, the contemporary researcher Kaki states that the mosque remains the same as described by Ansari. However, Kaki has reported the reconstruction of the mosque during the Al Saud era.<ref>Kaʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 166.</ref>
==Building History==
According to evidence, the Al-Rayah Mosque was first built during the time of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz's governance over Medina.(12) al-Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá '', vol. 3, p. 202.
The mosque building had been destroyed during a period prior to the 9th century AH, and around 845 AH/1441-2, it was reconstructed by Amir Janbak al-Nayruzi.<ref>Anṣārī, ''Āthār al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah'', p. 129.</ref>
Additionally, some Arab historians have seen and described this mosque at various times. Abdul Qadous Ansari (d: 1403 AH/1982-3) observed this mosque at the end of the fourteenth century AH and noted its dimensions, stating that the length and width of the building were 4 meters and its height was 6 meters. He believed that the stone structure of the mosque resembled its construction in the ninth century.<ref>Anṣārī, ''Āthār al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah'', p. 129.</ref>
Shanqiti (d: 1393 AH/1973-4) also described this mosque as being built in 1405 with old-style light stones. According to him, the mosque only had a main chamber and a courtyard without a door.<ref>Shanqīṭī, ''  Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn '' , p. 172.</ref>
Elias Abdul Ghani, in his work "Masajid al-Athariyyah," described the interior and exterior of the building as having been plastered in 1418 AH. He mentioned the presence of a covered prayer hall (musalla) which enlarged the mosque space, accommodating the five daily prayers.<ref>ʿAbd al-Ghanī, '' Masājid al-Ātharīyah'', p. 80.</ref>
Contemporary researcher Ka'aki, in his book published in 2011, states that the mosque remains in the same condition as described by Ansari. However, Ka'aki also mentions the renovation of the mosque during the era of the Al Saud dynasty.<ref>Kaʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 166.</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==

Revision as of 12:07, 29 June 2024

Al-Rāyah Mosque
Template:Px
General Information
Other NamesDhubab Mosque, Qarin Mosque
Placein the north of Medina on top of Mount Dhubab
UsageMosque
Religious Aspect
Religious AffiliationIslam
BeliefsPrayer of the Prophet (s) in the area of ​​this mosque
Ritualsperforming congregational prayers
History
Time of Constructionduring the time of the prophet
EventsDemolition of houses around the mosque at the end of 2023 AD
ReconstructionsThe last renovation in 2022
Historical FeaturesThe place of the Prophet (s) tent and praying while digging a trench during the Battle of Ahzab
Current State
StatusAvailable
Capacity100 people
PartsMihrab and Musalla

Directions

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Al-Rāyah Mosque (Arabic: مسجد الرایه) (Means: Flag Mosque), also known as Al-Dhubāb Mosque and Qarin Mosque, is a mosque located in the north of Medina on top of Mount Dhubab.

During the Battle of Ahzab, a tent was erected for the Prophet (s) on top of Mount Dhubab where he prayed. Later, Muslims built the Al-Rayah Mosque to commemorate this place.

Location

Dhubab Mosque is located to the northwest of the Masjid al-nabi[1] It is situated on the small Mount Dhubab, on the right side of Uthman b. Affan Street.[2] This mountain is situated east of the Sal'a mountain and near the Thaniyya Al-Wada area. .[3]

Current Status

The entrance to Al-Rayah Mosque is on the qibla and the south side. [4] The mosque has a simple appearance and does not have any minaret or prominent verses or designs inside or outside. [5] In late 2022, the mosque underwent reconstruction, resulting in a transformation of its appearance from a white color to a more traditional stone-like style. However, by the end of 2023, the surrounding houses have been demolished. [6]


Background

During the Battle of Ahzab (in the fifth year of the Hijra) and while digging the trench around Medina, a tent was set up for the Prophet (s) to provide relief and oversee the excavation work. It was in this tent that the Prophet (s) would perform his prayers.[7]

Names

It appears that the reason for naming this mosque as Masjid al-Rayah (Flag Mosque) is that the flag of the supporters was raised in this location during the Battle of Harrah(63 AH). [8] It is also possible that this name is due to the placement of the flag of Islam on this mountain during the Battle of Khandaq (The Trench).[9] Furthermore, it has been stated that Dhubab was the name of a man who was hanged by Marwan ibn Hakam on top of this mosque. [10] Another name for this mosque is "Qarin Mosque".[11]

History

According to one of evidences, Masjid Al-Rayah was first built during the reign of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz in Medina. [12] The mosque building had been destroyed during a period before the 9th century AH, and around 845 AH/1441-2, it was reconstructed by Amir Janbak al-Nayruzi.[13] In addition, several Saudi historians have seen and described this mosque at different times. Abdul Qudous Ansari (died 1403 AH) saw the mosque in the late 14th century and found that the length and width of the building was 4 meters and the height was 6 meters. Ansari believed that the stone construction of the mosque was similar to its 9th-century construction.[14] Shanqiti (died 1393 AH) also described the mosque as an outdated stone building from 1405. According to him, the mosque has only one main room and a courtyard without doors.[15] Elias Abdul Ghani describes in al-Athriya mosque that the interior and exterior of the building were painted in 1418 AH and had a roofed prayer hall, which extends the space of the mosque, where the five prayers are held.[16] In his book published in 2011, the contemporary researcher Kaki states that the mosque remains the same as described by Ansari. However, Kaki has reported the reconstruction of the mosque during the Al Saud era.[17]

Gallery

Images of the mosque, in 2021 (the time when this white appearance of the mosque came into existence is not specified)

  • The exterior environment of the mosque with white walls and white color scheme

    The exterior environment of the mosque with white walls and white color scheme

  • Image of the interior environment of the mosque + the mihrab area

    Image of the interior environment of the mosque + the mihrab area

  • The public section of the mosque's prayer hall that has been attached to the main section

    The public section of the mosque's prayer hall that has been attached to the main section

  • The exterior view of the mosque along with the surrounding houses and the public passage

    The exterior view of the mosque along with the surrounding houses and the public passage

  • The main and old section of the mosque with dimensions approximately 4 meters in length and width + a view of the ceiling

    The main and old section of the mosque with dimensions approximately 4 meters in length and width + a view of the ceiling

Images of the mosque after the 2022 renovation

  • Entrance of the mosque

    Entrance of the mosque

  • The return of the appearance of the mosque's walls and arches to their former and ancient look

    The return of the appearance of the mosque's walls and arches to their former and ancient look

  • Public space of the mosque

    Public space of the mosque

  • Presence of worshipers in the mosque

    Presence of worshipers in the mosque

  • A view of the mihrab and the main old section of the mosque

    A view of the mihrab and the main old section of the mosque

Images from 2024, after the demolition of the houses around the mosque

  • Images from a distance of the mosque area during the municipality operations in Medina

  • The back wall of the mosque in the midst of the municipality operations

  • View of the mosque after the demolition of the surrounding houses

  • A distant view of the mosque after the renovation operations where only the mosque building remains

  • The current image of the mosque after leveling the surrounding lands

Old pictures of the mosque building

Notes

  1. ↑ ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Masājid al-Ātharīyah, p. 80.
  2. ↑ Kaʿakī, Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh, vol. 2, p. 160,164.
  3. ↑ ʿIyāshī, Al-Riḥlah al-ʿIyāshīyah, vol. 1, p. 396.
  4. ↑ Kaʿakī, Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh, vol. 2, p. 168.
  5. ↑ Kaʿakī, Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh, vol. 2, p. 172.
  6. ↑ Website of Saudi Press Agency (SPA)
  7. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá , vol. 3, p. 201.
  8. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá , vol. 3, p. 204.
  9. ↑ Shanqīṭī, Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn , p. 71.
  10. ↑ Namīrī, "Tārīkh al-Madīnah Munawwarah", p. 262.
  11. ↑ ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Masājid al-Ātharīyah, p. 80.
  12. ↑ al-Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá , vol. 3, p. 202.
  13. ↑ Anṣārī, Āthār al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah, p. 129.
  14. ↑ Anṣārī, Āthār al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah, p. 129.
  15. ↑ Shanqīṭī, Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn , p. 172.
  16. ↑ ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Masājid al-Ātharīyah, p. 80.
  17. ↑ Kaʿakī, Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh, vol. 2, p. 166.

References

  • ʿAbdu-l Ghanī, Muḥammad ʾIlyās. Al-Masājid al-Atharīyya fī al- madīna al-munawwara. Medina: [n.p], 2000.
  • Anṣārī, ʿAbdu-l quddūs al-. Āthār al-madīna al-munawwara. Medina: Maktabat al-Salafīyya, 1973.
  • ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad. Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya. Abu Dhabi: Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006.
  • Kaʿakī, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-. Al-Majmūʿah al-Muṣawwarah li-Āshar al-Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah. Medina: 1999
  • Kaʿakī, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. Ma ʿālim al-madina al-munawwara bayn al-ʿMārat wa al-Tārīkh. Beirut: Dār wa maktabat al-hilāl, 2011.
  • Khiyārī, Sayyraid Aḥmad Yāsīn. Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan. Riyadh: al-Amāna alʿāmma li-liḥtifāl miʾat ʿām ʿalā tʾsīs al-mamlika al- ʿarabiyya al-suʿūdiyya, 1419 AH/1999.
  • Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara. Edited by Fahīm Muḥammad Shaltūt. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1380 sh.
  • Samhūdī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā. Edited by Muḥammad Muḥyi al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: 1984.
  • Shanqīṭī, Ghālī Muḥammad Amīn al-. Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn. Jeddah: Dār al-Qiblah, 1992.
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