Secrets of Wuquf in Arafat: Difference between revisions
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== Wuquf at Arafat == | == Wuquf at Arafat == | ||
{{main|Wuquf at Arafat}} Wuquf | {{main|Wuquf at Arafat}} Wuquf at Arafat is the second obligatory act of [[Hajj]]<ref>''Farhang-e Estelahat-e Hajj va Omreh'' (Dictionary of Hajj and Umrah Terms), p. 275.</ref> during which, according to [[Shia]] jurisprudence, the pilgrim remains in [[Arafat]] on the [[Day of Arafa]] from noon until the sunset.<ref>See: ''Manasek-e Hajj'' (Hajj Rituals), pp. 451-452.</ref> The minimum amount of time that constitutes wuquf is considered a pillar of Hajj.<ref>See: ''Manasek-e Hajj'', pp. 450-451.</ref> Backgrounds for [[Wuquf in Arafat]] have been reported from the pre-Islamic era.<ref name=":0">''Hajj dar Andisheh-ye Eslami'' (Hajj in Islamic Thought), p. 234, citing: ''Akhbar-e Makkah'', Azraqi, Vol. 1, p. 117.</ref> Followers of religions that considered [[Hajj]] obligatory would perform Wuquf in Arafat during their pilgrimages in all eras. In the [[Age of Ignorance]] (Jahiliyyah), a group of the [[Jurhum]] tribe would also perform Wuquf in Arafat, following the tradition of [[Abraham (a)]].<ref name=":03">''Hajj dar Andisheh-ye Eslami'', p. 234, citing: ''Akhbar-e Makkah'', Azraqi, Vol. 1, p. 117.</ref> Some tribes of [[Quraysh]] and the [[inhabitants of Mecca]] refrained from performing Wuquf in Arafat.<ref name=":03" /> | ||
Fasting,<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'' (Textbook of Hajj Rituals), p. 59.</ref> [[repentance]],<ref>''Misbah al-Shari'ah'', p. 92; ''al-Mahajjah al-Bayda'', Vol. 2, p. 207.</ref> and reciting [[supplications]] such as the [[Dua Arafa of Imam Hussain (text)|Dua Arafa]] by [[Imam Hussain (a)]]<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'', p. 60.</ref> and the [[Dua 'Arafa of Imam Sajjad|Dua Arafa]] by [[Imam Sajjad (a)]]<ref>''Hajj va Omreh dar Quran va Hadith'' (Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith), p. 392.</ref> are among the recommended acts and etiquettes of the stay in Arafat. Among the etiquettes of being in Arafat are "performing the Dhuhr and Asr prayers at the beginning of their time, with one [[Adhan and Iqamah|Adhan]] and two [[Adhan and Iqamah|Iqamahs]]"<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'', p. 59.</ref> and the "necessity of outward purity"<ref>''Da'a'im al-Islam'', Vol. 1, p. 320.</ref> and "inward purity."<ref>''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 66; ''al-Faqih'', Vol. 2, p. 211.</ref>{{enote|Imam Sadiq (a) has said: "It is not proper to perform Wuquf in Arafat without purity."}} | Fasting,<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'' (Textbook of Hajj Rituals), p. 59.</ref> [[repentance]],<ref>''Misbah al-Shari'ah'', p. 92; ''al-Mahajjah al-Bayda'', Vol. 2, p. 207.</ref> and reciting [[supplications]] such as the [[Dua Arafa of Imam Hussain (text)|Dua Arafa]] by [[Imam Hussain (a)]]<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'', p. 60.</ref> and the [[Dua 'Arafa of Imam Sajjad|Dua Arafa]] by [[Imam Sajjad (a)]]<ref>''Hajj va Omreh dar Quran va Hadith'' (Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith), p. 392.</ref> are among the recommended acts and etiquettes of the stay in Arafat. Among the etiquettes of being in Arafat are "performing the Dhuhr and Asr prayers at the beginning of their time, with one [[Adhan and Iqamah|Adhan]] and two [[Adhan and Iqamah|Iqamahs]]"<ref>''Darsnameh-ye Manasek-e Hajj'', p. 59.</ref> and the "necessity of outward purity"<ref>''Da'a'im al-Islam'', Vol. 1, p. 320.</ref> and "inward purity."<ref>''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 66; ''al-Faqih'', Vol. 2, p. 211.</ref>{{enote|Imam Sadiq (a) has said: "It is not proper to perform Wuquf in Arafat without purity."}} | ||
=== Importance of Wuquf | === Importance of Wuquf at Arafat === | ||
In traditions, the stay in Arafat is introduced as the "truth of Hajj"<ref>''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il'', Vol. 10, p. 34.</ref> and the "[[Greater Hajj]]".<ref>''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 265.</ref> Regarding the importance of the stay in Arafat, it is narrated from the Prophet that "Hajj is Arafat itself."<ref>''Sunan al-Tirmidhi'', Vol. 2, p. 65; ''al-Mahajjah al-Bayda'', Vol. 2, p. 204; also ''al-Hajj wa al-Umrah fi al-Kitab wa al-Sunnah'', pp. 189-190.</ref> | In traditions, the stay in Arafat is introduced as the "truth of Hajj"<ref>''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il'', Vol. 10, p. 34.</ref> and the "[[Greater Hajj]]".<ref>''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 265.</ref> Regarding the importance of the stay in Arafat, it is narrated from the Prophet that "Hajj is Arafat itself."<ref>''Sunan al-Tirmidhi'', Vol. 2, p. 65; ''al-Mahajjah al-Bayda'', Vol. 2, p. 204; also ''al-Hajj wa al-Umrah fi al-Kitab wa al-Sunnah'', pp. 189-190.</ref> | ||
It is also narrated from the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|Prophet(s)]] that on the afternoon of the [[Day of Arafa]], God boasts to His angels about the people of Arafat, saying: "Look at My servants who have come to Me disheveled and covered in dust."<ref>''Bihar al-Anwar'', Vol. 99, p. 13, H. 42.</ref> | It is also narrated from the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|Prophet(s)]] that on the afternoon of the [[Day of Arafa]], God boasts to His angels about the people of Arafat, saying: "Look at My servants who have come to Me disheveled and covered in dust."<ref>''Bihar al-Anwar'', Vol. 99, p. 13, H. 42.</ref> | ||
== | == Spiritual Meanings of Wuquf at Arafat == | ||
=== Forgiveness of Sins === | === Forgiveness of Sins === | ||
One of the | One spiritual interpretation of the gathering at Arafat is that the ordinary people including sinners, gather alongside God's righteous servants, causes everyone to be included in divine mercy through the blessing of their presence<ref>''Partovi az Mash'al-e Hedayat: Asrar va Ma'aref-e Hajj'' (A Glimpse of the Torch of Guidance: Secrets and Knowledge of Hajj), p. 22; ''Wafi'', Vol. 2, p. 42.</ref> and for everyone's prayers to be accepted.<ref>''al-Muraqabat'', Vol. 2, p. 225.</ref> According to traditions, the stay in Arafat is a special time and place for the forgiveness of sins<ref>''al-Faqih'', Vol. 2, p. 211; ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 541, H. 7; ''Da'a'im al-Islam'', Vol. 2, p. 294; ''al-Sunan al-Kubra'', Vol. 5, p. 192; ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 66.</ref> and is the same time and place where the repentance of [[Adam (Prophet)|Adam (a)]] was accepted.<ref>''Wasa'il al-Shia'', Vol. 13, p. 550; ''Ilal al-Shara'i'', Vol. 2, p. 400.</ref> According to some traditions, Satan makes a greater effort to mislead humans on the Day of Arafa; therefore, seeking refuge in God on this day is recommended.<ref>''al-Tahdhib'', Vol. 5, p. 182; ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 463.</ref> Some traditions also consider the descent of divine mercy as the cause of Satan's despair on the [[Day of Arafa]].<ref>''Kashf al-Asrar'', Vol. 1, p. 525.</ref> | ||
=== Preparation for Entering the Haram === | === Preparation for Entering the Haram === | ||
In a hadith from [[Imam Ali (a)]], the reason for the obligation of the stay in Arafat (which is outside the [[Meccan Haram]]) is explained as follows: this stay creates preparation for the pilgrim, meaning that the visitor to the [[Kaaba]] supplicates before the greatness of God outside the boundaries of the [[Meccan Haram]] until they become worthy of entering the Haram.<ref>''Jor'eh-i az Sahba-ye Hajj'' (A Sip of the Wine of Hajj), p. 203, citing: ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 224.</ref> | In a hadith from [[Imam Ali (a)]], the reason for the obligation of the stay in Arafat (which is outside the [[Meccan Haram]]) is explained as follows: this stay creates preparation for the pilgrim, meaning that the visitor to the [[Kaaba]] supplicates before the greatness of God outside the boundaries of the [[Meccan Haram]] until they become worthy of entering the Haram.<ref>''Jor'eh-i az Sahba-ye Hajj'' (A Sip of the Wine of Hajj), p. 203, citing: ''al-Kafi'', Vol. 4, p. 224.</ref> | ||
=== Reminder of the Resurrection === | === A Reminder of the Resurrection === | ||
Some consider the secret of the gathering of all pilgrims in [[Arafat]] to be a reminder of the [[Resurrection]], believing that the visitor to the House of God should be reminded of the stations of the gathering and the afterlife by seeing the | Some consider the secret of the gathering of all pilgrims in [[Arafat]] to be a reminder of the [[Resurrection]], believing that the visitor to the [[Ka'ba|House of God]] should be reminded of the stations of the gathering and the afterlife by seeing the pilgrims with uncovered heads and wearing simple, unstitched [[ihram]] garments.<ref>''Partovi az Mash'al-e Hedayat: Asrar va Ma'aref-e Hajj'', p. 22.</ref> Furthermore, the brevity of the time of Arafa is considered a reminder of the short duration of the world for taking advantage of the opportunity to gather provisions for the afterlife.<ref>''Dar Bargah-e Noor'' (In the Court of Light), p. 97.</ref> | ||
=== | === Guarding Against Satan’s Temptations === | ||
Some religious sources advise pilgrims to remain especially vigilant against Satan’s temptations on the Day of Arafa. This advice is connected with the spiritual significance of Arafat as a place for turning toward God, repenting, and seeking forgiveness. Certain narrations state that Satan makes a greater effort to mislead people on this day; accordingly, seeking refuge in God is recommended.<ref>''Tahdhib al-Ahkam'', vol. 5, p. 182; ''al-Kafi'', vol. 4, p. 463; ''Darsnameh-ye Pishdaramadi bar Farhangnameh-ye Asrar va Ma'aref-e Hajj'' (Textbook Introduction to the Encyclopedia of the Secrets and Teachings of Hajj), p. 199.</ref> | |||
Other sources attribute Satan’s despair on the Day of Arafa to the outpouring of divine mercy upon those gathered there.<ref>''Kashf al-Asrar'', vol. 1, p. 525.</ref> | |||
== Related Articles == | == Related Articles == | ||