Hijra: Difference between revisions
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Some consider the migration to Abyssinia to have occurred in two phases, meaning that in the fifth year, the Muslims who had migrated to Abyssinia returned to [[Mecca]] following rumors of the Quraysh converting to Islam, and then some of them went back to Abyssinia with a larger group.<ref>al-Jamīl , ''Muhājirat ilā Ḥabasha '', p. 174.</ref>some of the migrants to Abyssinia participated in the Battle of Uhud.<ref>Balādhurī, ''Fatḥ al-Buldān'',p. 676.</ref> | Some consider the migration to Abyssinia to have occurred in two phases, meaning that in the fifth year, the Muslims who had migrated to Abyssinia returned to [[Mecca]] following rumors of the Quraysh converting to Islam, and then some of them went back to Abyssinia with a larger group.<ref>al-Jamīl , ''Muhājirat ilā Ḥabasha '', p. 174.</ref>some of the migrants to Abyssinia participated in the Battle of Uhud.<ref>Balādhurī, ''Fatḥ al-Buldān'',p. 676.</ref> | ||
The second migration was to [[Medina]], which is considered a turning point in Islamic history. It began with the invitation of the people of Yathrib (Medina) to [[ | The second migration was to [[Medina]], which is considered a turning point in Islamic history. It began with the invitation of the people of Yathrib (Medina) to [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|the Prophet (s)]] and led to the establishment of the first Islamic state and the creation of an independent community for Muslims.*** | ||
===Muslims Migration to Medina=== | ===Muslims Migration to Medina=== | ||
After the increasing pressures of the Meccans on Muslims and the First Pledge of Aqabah (12th year of Prophethood) and the Second Pledge of Aqabah (13th year of Prophethood), a group of the people of Medina embraced Islam and committed to defending the Prophet Muhammad ( | After the increasing pressures of the Meccans on Muslims and the First Pledge of Aqabah (12th year of Prophethood) and the Second Pledge of Aqabah (13th year of Prophethood), a group of the people of Medina embraced Islam and committed to defending the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] and the Muslims.<ref>Ibn Hishām, '' Al-Sīra al-Nabawīya '', vol. 1, p.480. ,,, Ṣāliḥī Shāmī, Subul al-Hudā wa al-Rashād fī Sīrat Khayr al-ʿIbād '',vol. 3, p. 231.</ref> | ||
The Prophet(s) decided on the migration of Muslims from Mecca to Medina, and the migration of Muslims to Medina began. In the first three months of the 14th year of Prophethood, Muslims traveled to Medina in groups and settled among the tribes of Medina.<ref>Āyātī, ''Tārīkh Payāmbar Islām'',p. 312.</ref> These Muslims became known as the Muhajirun (migrants), and the Muslims of Medina were given the title Ansar (helpers). | The Prophet (s) decided on the migration of Muslims from [[Mecca]] to Medina, and the migration of Muslims to Medina began. In the first three months of the 14th year of Prophethood, Muslims traveled to Medina in groups and settled among the tribes of Medina.<ref>Āyātī, ''Tārīkh Payāmbar Islām'',p. 312.</ref> These Muslims became known as the Muhajirun (migrants), and the Muslims of Medina were given the title Ansar (helpers). | ||
==The Prophet’s Migration to Medina== | ==The Prophet’s Migration to Medina== | ||
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“Ta‘arrub after Hijra” (the return of a person who has migrated back to the desert) is prohibited in the hadiths of the Prophet.<ref>Jaʿfarīān,, '' Sīrat Rasūl Allāh'', p. 423.</ref> It is considered a major sin.<ref>Shahīd Miḥrāb, Dastgheyb, '' Gunāhān-e Kubīra '', vol. 2, p. 23.</ref> This means that a person, after accepting religion or preserving it and migrating to a suitable place, returns to the original place or goes to another place where their religion may be at risk. It is also said that this term signifies a return to ignorance and foolishness.<ref>Rīshah-rī, ''Muntakhab Mīzān al-Ḥikma '',p. 521/6346/6347.</ref> | “Ta‘arrub after Hijra” (the return of a person who has migrated back to the desert) is prohibited in the hadiths of the Prophet.<ref>Jaʿfarīān,, '' Sīrat Rasūl Allāh'', p. 423.</ref> It is considered a major sin.<ref>Shahīd Miḥrāb, Dastgheyb, '' Gunāhān-e Kubīra '', vol. 2, p. 23.</ref> This means that a person, after accepting religion or preserving it and migrating to a suitable place, returns to the original place or goes to another place where their religion may be at risk. It is also said that this term signifies a return to ignorance and foolishness.<ref>Rīshah-rī, ''Muntakhab Mīzān al-Ḥikma '',p. 521/6346/6347.</ref> | ||
According to a narration from Imam Sadiq (a), a “Mut‘arrib after Hijra” is someone who, after recognizing the guardianship of the Ahl al-Bayt (a), turns away from them.<ref>Rīshah-rī, ''Muntakhab Mīzān al-Ḥikma '',p. 6348.</ref> Imam Ali ( | According to a narration from Imam Sadiq (a), a “Mut‘arrib after Hijra” is someone who, after recognizing the guardianship of the Ahl al-Bayt (a), turns away from them.<ref>Rīshah-rī, ''Muntakhab Mīzān al-Ḥikma '',p. 6348.</ref> [[Imam Ali (a)]], in one of the sermons of Nahj al-Balagha criticizing the people of [[Kufa]], says: “You have become Arabs (Bedouins) after the Hijra.<ref>nahj al-balāgha. Kh. 192.</ref> | ||
==The Beginning of Islamic History== | ==The Beginning of Islamic History== | ||