Zamzam: Difference between revisions
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{{Building | |||
| title = Zamzam Well | |||
| image = زمزم 1.jpg | |||
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| place = [[Al-Masjid al-Haram]], 21 meters from [[al-Hajar al-Aswad]] | |||
| usage = Supplying part of the water used by Hajj pilgrims. | |||
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| reconstructions = 822 AH and 1383 AH | |||
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'''Zamzam''' (Arabic {{ia|زَمزَم}}) refers to the most renowned water well located within the [[al-Masjid al-Haram]] in [[Mecca]], situated approximately 21 meters from the sacred Black Stone ([[al-Hajar al-Aswad]]). According to historical accounts, the Zamzam spring emerged miraculously by divine will to provide water for [[Isma'il]] (a) and his mother, [[Hajar]]. The origin of the city of [[Mecca]] and the reconstruction of the [[Ka'ba]] are believed to be closely linked to the miraculous emergence of the Zamzam spring. | '''Zamzam''' (Arabic {{ia|زَمزَم}}) refers to the most renowned water well located within the [[al-Masjid al-Haram]] in [[Mecca]], situated approximately 21 meters from the sacred Black Stone ([[al-Hajar al-Aswad]]). According to historical accounts, the Zamzam spring emerged miraculously by divine will to provide water for [[Isma'il]] (a) and his mother, [[Hajar]]. The origin of the city of [[Mecca]] and the reconstruction of the [[Ka'ba]] are believed to be closely linked to the miraculous emergence of the Zamzam spring. | ||
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In 1020 AH, [[Sultan Ahmad Khan]] ordered the installation of an iron grille situated one meter above the water level in the Zamzam well. This precaution was introduced due to incidents where individuals, driven by misguided acts of self-sacrifice, had thrown themselves into the well and perished. The grille remained in place until 1318 AH. Additionally, in 1201 AH, under the orders of Sultan [[Abd al-Hamid Khan]], an inscription was placed on the northern side of the building, which read: "Zamzam water is a cure for every illness" and "The sign between us and the hypocrites is that they do not quench their thirst with Zamzam water." | In 1020 AH, [[Sultan Ahmad Khan]] ordered the installation of an iron grille situated one meter above the water level in the Zamzam well. This precaution was introduced due to incidents where individuals, driven by misguided acts of self-sacrifice, had thrown themselves into the well and perished. The grille remained in place until 1318 AH. Additionally, in 1201 AH, under the orders of Sultan [[Abd al-Hamid Khan]], an inscription was placed on the northern side of the building, which read: "Zamzam water is a cure for every illness" and "The sign between us and the hypocrites is that they do not quench their thirst with Zamzam water." | ||
<ref>Hajj dar | <ref>''Hajj dar andīsha-yi Islāmī'', p. 184-185.</ref> | ||
[[File:چاه زمزم (تاریخی)۲.jpeg|thumb|The Zamzam Well entrance, built in 1383 AH, remained until the next expansion of the al-Masjid al-Haram in 1424 AH]] | [[File:چاه زمزم (تاریخی)۲.jpeg|thumb|The Zamzam Well entrance, built in 1383 AH, remained until the next expansion of the al-Masjid al-Haram in 1424 AH]] | ||
In 1383 AH, during the Saudi era, the structure covering the Zamzam well was dismantled, and a new underground facility was constructed. This included creating an entrance to the basement, allowing pilgrims direct access to the well water. However, in 1424 AH, this entrance was sealed, and the water was redirected through a network of pipes around the courtyard of the [[al-Masjid al-Haram]]. This modification provided faucets for pilgrims to drink from and expanded the circumambulating area.<ref> | In 1383 AH, during the Saudi era, the structure covering the Zamzam well was dismantled, and a new underground facility was constructed. This included creating an entrance to the basement, allowing pilgrims direct access to the well water. However, in 1424 AH, this entrance was sealed, and the water was redirected through a network of pipes around the courtyard of the [[al-Masjid al-Haram]]. This modification provided faucets for pilgrims to drink from and expanded the circumambulating area.<ref>''Biʾr Zamzam'', "Journey of the Blessed Water", Taṭwīr wa Tashghīl al-Idārah al-ʿĀmmā li-Taqnīyat al-Maʿlumāt bi-l-Riʾāsa al-ʿĀmmā li-Shuʾūn al-Masjid al-Ḥarām wa al-Masjid al-Nabawī, accessed on 9th Tir 1401 Sh.</ref> | ||
According to Saudi sources, Zamzam water is transported through a four-kilometer pipeline and stored in a 5,000-cubic-meter reservoir. The water undergoes purification and sterilization processes before being bottled in five-liter containers. Additionally, Zamzam water is dispensed through drinking fountains within the | According to Saudi sources, Zamzam water is transported through a four-kilometer pipeline and stored in a 5,000-cubic-meter reservoir. The water undergoes purification and sterilization processes before being bottled in five-liter containers. Additionally, Zamzam water is dispensed through drinking fountains within the al-Masjid al-Haram and is also transported to the Prophet's Mosque in Medina for the benefit of pilgrims.<ref>''Riḥlat māʾ Zamzam min al-bīʾr ilā an yarwī zamaʾ al-muʾminīn'', "The Journey of Zamzam Water from the Well to Quenching the Thirst of Pilgrims", Akhbaruna News Agency, April 13, 2022, accessed on June 27, 2024.</ref> | ||
== In Travelogues == | == In Travelogues == | ||
Travelogues from different centuries provide detailed descriptions of Zamzam, noting its distance from the Ka'ba, the dimensions of its mouth, and its proximity to the al-Hajar al-Aswad.<ref>''Rahāward-i safar'', p. 122; Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Jubayr, ''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Jubayr'', p. 126; ''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Baṭṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 189.</ref> These accounts often highlight its function as a site where pilgrims perform ablution,<ref>''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Baṭṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 189.</ref> the presence of surrounding pools, and the construction of a canopy near the well for the convenience of muezzins. | Travelogues from different centuries provide detailed descriptions of Zamzam, noting its distance from the Ka'ba, the dimensions of its mouth, and its proximity to the al-Hajar al-Aswad.<ref>''Rahāward-i safar'', p. 122; Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Jubayr, ''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Jubayr'', p. 126; ''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Baṭṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 189.</ref> These accounts often highlight its function as a site where pilgrims perform ablution,<ref>''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Baṭṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 189.</ref> the presence of surrounding pools, and the construction of a canopy near the well for the convenience of muezzins.<ref>See: ''Hajj dar andīsha-yi Islāmī'', p. 180-185.</ref> | ||
==Gallery== | |||
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px"> | |||
file:خروجی چاه زمزم.jpeg|The Zamzam Well outlet underground (2022 CE) | |||
file:مخازن آب زمزم.jpg|Zamzam water tanks in [[the Prophet's Mosque]] for pilgrims' consumption. | |||
file:چاه-زمزم- قدیمی .jpg|An old photograph of the Zamzam Well's location relative to the Ka'ba. | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
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* ''Al-Tafsīr al-ṣāfī'', Mullā Muḥsin Fayḍ Kāshānī, Qum, Mūʾassisat al-Hādī, 1416 AH / 1374 SH. | * ''Al-Tafsīr al-ṣāfī'', Mullā Muḥsin Fayḍ Kāshānī, Qum, Mūʾassisat al-Hādī, 1416 AH / 1374 SH. | ||
* ''Al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā'', al-Sayyid Muḥammad Kāẓim al-Ṭabāṭabā'ī al-Yazdī, Qum, Mūʾassisat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1419 AH. | * ''Al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā'', al-Sayyid Muḥammad Kāẓim al-Ṭabāṭabā'ī al-Yazdī, Qum, Mūʾassisat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1419 AH. | ||
* ''Biʾr Zamzam'', "Journey of the Blessed Water", Taṭwīr wa Tashghīl al-Idārah al-ʿĀmmā li-Taqnīyat al-Maʿlumāt bi-l-Riʾāsa al-ʿĀmmā li-Shuʾūn al-Masjid al-Ḥarām wa al-Masjid al-Nabawī, accessed on 9th Tir 1401 Sh. | |||
* ''Kanz al-ʿummāl fī sunan al-aqwāl wa al-afʿāl, al-Muttaqī al-Hindī, Beirut, al-Risāla, 1413 AH. | * ''Kanz al-ʿummāl fī sunan al-aqwāl wa al-afʿāl, al-Muttaqī al-Hindī, Beirut, al-Risāla, 1413 AH. | ||
* ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', Muḥammad b. Mukarram b. Manẓūr, Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1414 AH. | * ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', Muḥammad b. Mukarram b. Manẓūr, Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1414 AH. | ||
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* ''Mustadrak al-wasāʾil'', Ḥusayn Nūrī Ṭabrisī, Beirut, Mūʾassisat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1408-1429 AH / 1987-2008. | * ''Mustadrak al-wasāʾil'', Ḥusayn Nūrī Ṭabrisī, Beirut, Mūʾassisat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1408-1429 AH / 1987-2008. | ||
* ''Rahāward-i safar'', (Selections from the Travelogue of Naṣir Khusruw) by Nasir Khusruw Qubādīyānī, Tehran, Sukhan, 1995 CE (1374 SH). | * ''Rahāward-i safar'', (Selections from the Travelogue of Naṣir Khusruw) by Nasir Khusruw Qubādīyānī, Tehran, Sukhan, 1995 CE (1374 SH). | ||
* ''Riḥlat al-māʾ al-mubārak'', "Journey of the Blessed Water", developed and managed by the General Administration for Information Technology at the Presidency of the Two Holy Mosques, April 12, 2022, accessed on June 30, 2022. | |||
* ''Riḥlat al-māʾ al-mubārak'', Al-Fawz Kuwaiti Newspaper website, April 4, 2022, accessed July 1, 2022. | |||
* ''Riḥlat māʾ Zamzam min al-bīʾr ilā an yarwī zamaʾ al-muʾminīn'', "The Journey of Zamzam Water from the Well to Quenching the Thirst of Pilgrims", Akhbaruna News Agency, April 13, 2022, accessed on June 27, 2024. | |||
* ''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Baṭṭūṭa'', Ibn Baṭṭūṭah, trans. Muḥammad ʿAlī Muwaḥḥid, Mashhad, Mūʾassisa-yi Intishārāt-i Āgāh, 1370 SH. | * ''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Baṭṭūṭa'', Ibn Baṭṭūṭah, trans. Muḥammad ʿAlī Muwaḥḥid, Mashhad, Mūʾassisa-yi Intishārāt-i Āgāh, 1370 SH. | ||
* ''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Jubayr'', Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Jubayr, trans. Parvīz Atābakī, Mashhad, Mū'assasa-yi Chāp wa Intishārāt-i Āstān-i Quds-i Raḍawī, 1370 SH. | * ''Safarnāma-yi Ibn Jubayr'', Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Jubayr, trans. Parvīz Atābakī, Mashhad, Mū'assasa-yi Chāp wa Intishārāt-i Āstān-i Quds-i Raḍawī, 1370 SH. | ||
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* ''Sunan al-Tirmidhī'', Muḥammad b. ʿĪsā al-Tirmidhī, Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1402 AH. | * ''Sunan al-Tirmidhī'', Muḥammad b. ʿĪsā al-Tirmidhī, Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1402 AH. | ||
* ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', Muhammad b. Hasan al-Hurr al-ʿĀmilī, Qom, Mūʾassisat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1416 AH. | * ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', Muhammad b. Hasan al-Hurr al-ʿĀmilī, Qom, Mūʾassisat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1416 AH. | ||
* "Zamzam", Sayyid Alī Khayrkhāh ʿAlawī, ''Dānishnāma-yi ḥajj wa Ḥaramayn sharīfayn'', vol. 8. | |||
* "Zamzam", Sayyid Alī Khayrkhāh ʿAlawī, ''Dānishnāma-yi ḥajj wa Ḥaramayn sharīfayn'', vol. 8. | |||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
[[Category:Wells of Mecca]] | |||
[[Category:Islamic Holy Places]] | |||
[[Category:Historical sites of Hijaz]] | |||
[[fa:زمزم]] | |||