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There are several perspectives on the religious beliefs of Prophet Muhammad (s) before his prophetic mission began. Some scholars suggest that he did not follow any specific religious law during that period.<ref>''Al-Muʿtamad fī uṣūl al-fiqh'', vol. 1, p. 276. ''Subul al-Huda'', Vol. 8, pp. 70-71. ''Al-Shifāʾ bi-taʿrīf ḥuqūq al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 2, p. 148.</ref> Others remain neutral on the issue, refraining from making a conclusive statement.<ref>''Al-Shifāʾ bi-taʿrīf ḥuqūq al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 2, p. 148; ''Al-Mankhūl'', p. 319; ''Al-Ahkam'', vol. 4, p. 137; ''Al-Dhari'a'', vol. 2, p. 597; ''Al-Ibtihaj'', vol. 2, p. 275.</ref> Another viewpoint holds that the Prophet may have followed the religious teachings of earlier prophets, such as [[Noah]],<ref>''Al-Mankhūl'', p. 318</ref> [[Abraham]],<ref>''Majmaʿ al-bayān'', vol. 6, p. 209.</ref> Moses,<ref>''Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī'', vol. 16, p. 57; ''Al-Mustasfa'', vol. 1, p. 165.</ref> Jesus,<ref>''Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī'', vol. 16, p. 57; ''Al-Mankhūl'', p. 319.</ref> or a group of prophets,<ref>''Rūh al-maʿānī'', vol. 7, p. 217.</ref> or that he adhered to a righteous but undefined shari'a.<ref>''Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī'', vol. 16, p. 57.</ref>
There are several perspectives on the religious beliefs of Prophet Muhammad (s) before his prophetic mission began. Some scholars suggest that he did not follow any specific religious law during that period.<ref>''Al-Muʿtamad fī uṣūl al-fiqh'', vol. 1, p. 276. ''Subul al-Huda'', Vol. 8, pp. 70-71. ''Al-Shifāʾ bi-taʿrīf ḥuqūq al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 2, p. 148.</ref> Others remain neutral on the issue, refraining from making a conclusive statement.<ref>''Al-Shifāʾ bi-taʿrīf ḥuqūq al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 2, p. 148; ''Al-Mankhūl'', p. 319; ''Al-Ahkam'', vol. 4, p. 137; ''Al-Dhari'a'', vol. 2, p. 597; ''Al-Ibtihaj'', vol. 2, p. 275.</ref> Another viewpoint holds that the Prophet may have followed the religious teachings of earlier prophets, such as [[Noah]],<ref>''Al-Mankhūl'', p. 318</ref> [[Abraham]],<ref>''Majmaʿ al-bayān'', vol. 6, p. 209.</ref> Moses,<ref>''Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī'', vol. 16, p. 57; ''Al-Mustasfa'', vol. 1, p. 165.</ref> Jesus,<ref>''Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī'', vol. 16, p. 57; ''Al-Mankhūl'', p. 319.</ref> or a group of prophets,<ref>''Rūh al-maʿānī'', vol. 7, p. 217.</ref> or that he adhered to a righteous but undefined shari'a.<ref>''Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī'', vol. 16, p. 57.</ref>


It is said that the angel of revelation spoke with Muhammad (s) before Bi'tha.<ref>''Ḥaqq al-yaqīn'', vol. 1, p. 179.</ref> The Prophet of Islam held the position of prophethood before the age of forty<ref>''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 26, p. 75; vol. 18, p. 278.</ref>, and religious rulings were revealed to him, and he worshiped God in the same way.<ref>''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 18, p. 278.</ref> When he saw the angel of revelation at the age of forty, he was obliged to preach the new Sharia.<ref>'Tārīkh al-khamīs'', vol. 1, p. 254.</ref>
It is said that the angel of revelation spoke with Muhammad (s) before Bi'tha.<ref>''Ḥaqq al-yaqīn'', vol. 1, p. 179.</ref> The Prophet of Islam held the position of prophethood before the age of forty<ref>''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 26, p. 75; vol. 18, p. 278.</ref>, and religious rulings were revealed to him, and he worshiped God in the same way.<ref>''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 18, p. 278.</ref> When he saw the angel of revelation at the age of forty, he was obliged to preach the new Sharia.<ref>''Tārīkh al-khamīs'', vol. 1, p. 254.</ref>


==Objectives of Bi'tha==
==Objectives of Bi'tha==
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==References==
==References==
{{References}}
{{References}}
*''Itḥāf al-warā'': ʿUmar b. Muḥammad b. Fahd (d. 885 AH), Mecca, Jāmiʿat Umm al-Qurā, 1408 AH.
*''Al-Itqān'': al-Suyūṭi (d. 911 AH), Lebanon, Dār al-Fikr, 1416 AH.
* ''Al-Aṣnām'' (''Tankīs al-aṣnām''): Hishām b. Muḥammad al-Kalbī (d. 204 AH), Tehran, Tābān, 1348 SH.
* ''Al-Aṣnām'' (''Tankīs al-aṣnām''): Hishām b. Muḥammad al-Kalbī (d. 204 AH), Tehran, Tābān, 1348 SH.
* ''Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ'': Al-Maqrīzī (d. 845 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1420 AH.
* ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'': Al-Balādhurī (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1417 AH.
* ''Al-Awāʾil'': Al-Ṭabarānī (d. 310 AH), ed. by Shukūr, Beirut, Dār al-Furqān, 1403 AH.
* ''Al-Awāʾil'': Al-Ṭabarānī (d. 310 AH), ed. by Shukūr, Beirut, Dār al-Furqān, 1403 AH.
* ''Biḥār al-anwār'': Al-Majlisī (d. 1110 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
* ''Al-ʿAyn'': Al-Khalīl (d. 175 AH), Dār al-Hijra, 1409 AH.
* ''Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya'': Ibn Kathīr (d. 774 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1408 AH.
* ''Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya'': Ibn Kathīr (d. 774 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1408 AH.
* ''Tārīkh al-Islām wa wafayāt al-mashāhīr'': Al-Dhahabī (d. 748 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1410 AH.
* ''Al-Ghadīr'': Al-Amīnī (d. 1390 AH), Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1366 Sh.
* ''Tārīkh al-khamīs'': Ḥusayn al-Diyār Bakrī (d. 966 AH), Beirut, Muʾassisat Shaʿbān, 1283 AH.
* ''Al-Itqān'': al-Suyūṭi (d. 911 AH), Lebanon, Dār al-Fikr, 1416 AH.
* ''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'' (''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk): Al-Ṭabarī (d. 310 AH), Beirut, Aʿlamī, 1403 AH.
* ''Al-Kāfī'': Al-Kulaynī (d. 329 AH), Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1375 Sh.
* ''Tārīkh-i ʿArab-i Qabl az Islām'': ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Sālim, trans. Ṣadrīnīyā, Tehran, ʿIlmī wa Farhangī, 1380 Sh.
* ''Al-Kashhāf'': Al-Zamakhsharī (d. 538 AH), Muṣṭafā al-Bābī, 1385 AH.
* ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'': Aḥmad b. Yaʿqūb (d. 292 AH), Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1415 AH.
* ''Al-Mankhūl'': Al-Ghazālī (d. 505 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr al-Muʿāṣir, 1419 AH.
* ''Al-Tahqīq fī Kalimāt al-Qurʾān al-Karīm'': Al-Muṣṭafawī, Tehran, Wizārat-i Irshād, 1374 Sh.
* ''Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān'': Al-Ṭabāṭabāʾī (d. 1402 AH), Beirut, Aʿlamī, 1393 AH.
* ''Al-Tafsīr al-Kabīr'': Al-Fakhr al-Rāzī (d. 606 AH), Qom, Daftar-i Tablīghāt, 1413 AH.
* ''Al-Muʿtamad fī uṣūl al-fiqh'': Abū l-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī al-Muʿtazilī (d. 436 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1403 AH.
* ''Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī'' (''Al-Jāmiʿ li-aḥkām al-Qurʾān''): Al-Qurṭubī (d. 671 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1405 AH.
* ''Al-Shifāʾ bi-taʿrīf ḥuqūq al-Muṣṭafā'': Qāḍī ʿAyāḍ (d. 544 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1409 AH.
* ''Tafsīr-i nūr'': Muḥsin Qarāʾatī, Tehran, Markaz-i Farhangī-yi Dars-hā-yi az Qurʾān, 1388 SH.
* ''Ḥaqq al-yaqīn'': Al-Shubbar (d. 1242 AH), Tehran, Aʿlamī, ʿIrfān, 1352 SH.
* ''Rūh al-maʿānī'': Al-Ālūsī (d. 1270 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
* ''Subul al-Huda'': Muḥammad b. Yūsuf al-Ṣāliḥī (d. 942 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1414 AH.
* ''Al-Sīra al-Ḥalabīyya'': Al-Ḥalabī (d. 1044 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1400 AH.
* ''Al-Sīra al-Ḥalabīyya'': Al-Ḥalabī (d. 1044 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1400 AH.
* ''Al-Sīra al-Nabawīyya'': Ibn Hishām (d. 213/218 AH), Egypt, Maktaba Muḥammad ʿAlī Ṣabīḥ, 1383 AH.
* ''Al-Sīra al-Nabawīyya'': Ibn Hishām (d. 213/218 AH), Egypt, Maktaba Muḥammad ʿAlī Ṣabīḥ, 1383 AH.
* ''Al-Sīra al-Nabawīyya'': Ibn Kathīr (d. 774 AH), ed. by Muṣṭafā ʿAbd al-Wāḥid, Beirut, Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1396 AH.
* ''Al-Sīra al-Nabawīyya'': Ibn Kathīr (d. 774 AH), ed. by Muṣṭafā ʿAbd al-Wāḥid, Beirut, Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1396 AH.
* ''Sīra Ibn Isḥāq'' (''Al-Sīyar wa al-Maghāzī''): Ibn Isḥāq (d. 151 AH), Maʿhad al-Dirāsāt wa l-Abḥāth.
* ''Al-Tafsīr alkabīr'': Al-Fakhr al-Rāzī (d. 606 AH), Qom, Daftar-i Tablīghāt, 1413 AH.
* ''Al-Shifāʾ bi-taʿrīf ḥuqūq al-Muṣṭafā'': Qāḍī ʿAyāḍ (d. 544 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1409 AH.
* ''Al-Tahqīq fī kalimāt al-Qurʾān al-karīm'': Al-Muṣṭafawī, Tehran, Wizārat-i Irshād, 1374 Sh.
* ''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'': Al-Bukhārī (d. 256 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1401 AH.
* ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'': Al-Balādhurī (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1417 AH.
* ''Al-ʿAyn'': Al-Khalīl (d. 175 AH), Dār al-Hijra, 1409 AH.
* ''Biḥār al-anwār'': Al-Majlisī (d. 1110 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
* ''Al-Ghadīr'': Al-Amīnī (d. 1390 AH), Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1366 Sh.
* ''Farhang-i Shīʿa'': Pazhūhishkada-yi Tahqīqāt-i Islāmī, Muḥammad Khaṭībī Kūshkak and others, Qom, Zamzam-i Hidāyat, 1385 Sh.
* ''Farhang-i Shīʿa'': Pazhūhishkada-yi Tahqīqāt-i Islāmī, Muḥammad Khaṭībī Kūshkak and others, Qom, Zamzam-i Hidāyat, 1385 Sh.
* ''Al-Kāfī'': Al-Kulaynī (d. 329 AH), Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1375 Sh.
* ''Ḥaqq al-yaqīn'': Al-Shubbar (d. 1242 AH), Tehran, Aʿlamī, ʿIrfān, 1352 SH.
* ''Al-Kashhāf'': Al-Zamakhsharī (d. 538 AH), Muṣṭafā al-Bābī, 1385 AH.
* ''Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ'': Al-Maqrīzī (d. 845 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1420 AH.
* ''Itḥāf al-warā'': ʿUmar b. Muḥammad b. Fahd (d. 885 AH), Mecca, Jāmiʿat Umm al-Qurā, 1408 AH.
* ''Majmaʿ al-bayān'': Al-Ṭabrisī (d. 548 AH), Beirut, Aʿlamī, 1415 AH.
* ''Majmaʿ al-bayān'': Al-Ṭabrisī (d. 548 AH), Beirut, Aʿlamī, 1415 AH.
* ''Al-Muʿtamad fī uṣūl al-fiqh'': Abū l-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī al-Muʿtazilī (d. 436 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1403 AH.
* ''Min hudā al-Qurʾān'': Sayyid Muḥammad Taqī Mudarrisī, Tehran, Dār Muḥibbī al-Ḥusayn, 1419 AH.
* ''Mufradāt'': Al-Rāghib (d. 425 AH), Damascus, Dār al-Qalam, 1412 AH.
* ''Mufradāt'': Al-Rāghib (d. 425 AH), Damascus, Dār al-Qalam, 1412 AH.
* ''Min Hudā al-Qurʾān'': Sayyid Muḥammad Taqī Mudarrisī, Tehran, Dār Muḥibbī al-Ḥusayn, 1419 AH.
* ''Al-Mankhūl'': Al-Ghazālī (d. 505 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr al-Muʿāṣir, 1419 AH.
* ''Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān'': Al-Ṭabāṭabāʾī (d. 1402 AH), Beirut, Aʿlamī, 1393 AH.
* ''Nahj al-balāgha'' (Sharḥ Abduh): Qom, Dār al-Dhakhāʾir, 1412 AH.
* ''Nahj al-balāgha'' (Sharḥ Abduh): Qom, Dār al-Dhakhāʾir, 1412 AH.
* ''Rūh al-maʿānī'': Al-Ālūsī (d. 1270 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
* ''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'': Al-Bukhārī (d. 256 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1401 AH.
* ''Sīra Ibn Isḥāq'' (''Al-Sīyar wa al-Maghāzī''): Ibn Isḥāq (d. 151 AH), Maʿhad al-Dirāsāt wa l-Abḥāth.
* ''Subul al-huda'': Muḥammad b. Yūsuf al-Ṣāliḥī (d. 942 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1414 AH.
* ''Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī'' (''Al-Jāmiʿ li-aḥkām al-Qurʾān''): Al-Qurṭubī (d. 671 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1405 AH.
* ''Tafsīr-i nūr'': Muḥsin Qarāʾatī, Tehran, Markaz-i Farhangī-yi Dars-hā-yi az Qurʾān, 1388 SH.
* ''Tārīkh al-Islām wa wafayāt al-mashāhīr'': Al-Dhahabī (d. 748 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1410 AH.
* ''Tārīkh al-khamīs'': Ḥusayn al-Diyār Bakrī (d. 966 AH), Beirut, Muʾassasat Shaʿbān, 1283 AH.
* ''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'' (''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk): Al-Ṭabarī (d. 310 AH), Beirut, Aʿlamī, 1403 AH.
* ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'': Aḥmad b. Yaʿqūb (d. 292 AH), Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1415 AH.
* ''Tārīkh-i ʿArab-i qabl az Islām'': ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Sālim, trans. Ṣadrīnīyā, Tehran, ʿIlmī wa Farhangī, 1380 Sh.
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[[Category:History of Islam]]
[[Category:The Prophet (s)]]
[[fa:بعثت]]
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