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'''The pillars of the Ka'ba''' are the four corners of this structure, each facing one of the four cardinal directions: east, west, north, and south. Each corner is called a "Rukun," and they are as follows: the Rukun al-Hajar al-Aswad (eastern), the Rukun al-Shami (western), the Rukun al-Iraqi (northern), and the Rukun al-Yamani (southern).
'''The pillars of the Ka'ba''' are the four corners of this structure, each of which is positioned towards one of the four directions, namely east, west, north, and south. These corners are referred to as "Rukn" (plural: Arkan). Specifically, these corners are named as follows: Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad (Eastern Corner), Rukn al-Shami (Western Corner), Rukn al-Iraqi (Northern Corner), and Rukn al-Yamani (Southern Corner).


==Overview==
==View==
The [[Ka'ba]] is a square building with four pillars, each called a "rukn" (pillar), and collectively known as the "arkan al-Ka'ba" (pillars of the Ka'ba).
The overall view of the Kaaba reveals a four-sided structure with four corners (square), each of which is called a pillar, and collectively they are known as the pillars of the Kaaba. Each of these pillars also has alternative names. For instance, each pillar is referred to by the name of a specific region towards which it faces: the Iraqi pillar, the Shami pillar, and the Yemeni pillar.


Each of these pillars has other names as well. For example, each pillar is named after the direction it faces: the Iraqi pillar, the Levantine (Shami) pillar, and the Yemeni pillar.
The pillars of the Kaaba play a significant role in the manifestation of certain rituals and customs of the Hajj pilgrimage. One such pillar is the Black Stone Corner, which marks the beginning and end of the circumambulation (Tawaf). <ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā, Ayyūb. ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 2, p. 264.</ref>
 
==The Hajar al-Aswad Pillar==
{{Main Article: Hajar al-Aswad pillar}}
The eastern pillar, known as the pillar of the Black Stone (Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad), is the starting point of the Tawaf. This pillar is located in the southeast of the [[Ka'ba]].<ref>Azraqī, '' Akhbār Makkah'', Vol. 1, p. 65; Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol.3, p. 236; Ibn Jubayr,''Riḥla Ibn Jubayr'', p. 53.</ref>
This corner is situated in the southeast of the Kaaba. It is the closest corner to the entrance door of the Kaaba and faces the [[Well of Zamzam]]. Opposite Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad lies the well-known [[Mount Abu Qubais]]. <ref>Maqdisī al-Bashārī, '' Aḥsan al-taqāsīm fī maʿrifat al-aqālīm'', p. 72.</ref> The section of the Kaaba's wall near this corner is called [[Al-Multazam]].


The pillars of the Ka'ba are significant in the positioning of certain rituals and rites of Hajj. For instance, the pillar of the Black Stone (Hajar al-Aswad) marks the starting and ending point of the [[Tawaf]] .<ref>Ṣabrī Pāshā, Ayyūb. ''Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn'', vol. 2, p. 264.</ref>


==Hajar al-Aswad pillar==
{{main|Hajar al-Aswad pillar}}
The eastern pillar, known as the pillar of the Black Stone (Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad), is the starting point of the Tawaf. This pillar is located in the southeast of the [[Ka'ba]].<ref>Azraqī, '' Akhbār Makkah'', Vol. 1, p. 65; Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol.3, p. 236; Ibn Jubayr,''Riḥla Ibn Jubayr'', p. 53.</ref>
This pillar is the closest to the entrance of the Ka'ba and is opposite [[the Zamzam well]]. Facing the pillar of the Black Stone is the famous [[Mount Abu Qubays]].<ref>Maqdisī al-Bashārī, '' Aḥsan al-taqāsīm fī maʿrifat al-aqālīm'', p. 72.</ref> [[The Multazam]] is a part of the Ka'ba's wall near this corner.


==Iraqi pillar==
==The Iraqi Pillar==
The Iraqi Corner (Rukn al-Iraqi) is the second corner of the Ka'ba encountered in the path of the Tawaf.<ref>Baghdādī, ''Marāṣid al-ʾiṭṭlāʿ ʿlā ʾasmāʾi al-amkina wa al-buqāʿ'', vol. 2, p. 629; Fārisī al-Aṣṭakhrī, ''Al-Masālik wa al-mamālik'', p. 16.</ref>
{{Main Article: Rukn al-Iraqi}}
After the pillar of the Black Stone and before the Syrian pillar, and on the side of the [[Bab al-Umrah]].<ref>Marjānī, '' Bahjat al-nufūs wa al-asrār'', vol. 2, p. 763; Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 248; Ibn Baṭūṭa,''Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 374.</ref>  
Rukn al-Iraqi is the second corner of the Kaaba encountered during the circumambulation (Tawaf), <ref>Baghdādī, ''Marāṣid al-ʾiṭṭlāʿ ʿlā ʾasmāʾi al-amkina wa al-buqāʿ'', vol. 2, p. 629; Fārisī al-Aṣṭakhrī, ''Al-Masālik wa al-mamālik'', p. 16.</ref>
This pillar is famous as the Iraqi pillar because it is located towards [[Iraq]] and serves as the [[qibla]] for the people of Iraq.<ref>Ṭūsī, '' Muṣbaḥ al-mutahajjid wa silāḥ al-mutaʿabbid'', p. 27; Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''Falāḥ al-sāʾil wa najāḥ al-masāʾil fī ʿamal al-yawm wa al-layl'', p. 129; Shurrāb,'' Al-Ma'ālim al-Athīrah fī al-Sunnah wa al-Sīrah'', p. 129.</ref>
following Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad and preceding Rukn al-Shami. It is situated towards the [[Bab al-Umrah]] (Umrah Gate). <ref>Marjānī, '' Bahjat al-nufūs wa al-asrār'', vol. 2, p. 763; Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 248; Ibn Baṭūṭa,''Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 374.</ref>  
==Shami pillar==
This corner is named Rukn al-Iraqi due to its orientation towards [[Iraq]] and the fact that it faces the qibla for the people of Iraq. <ref>Ṭūsī, '' Muṣbaḥ al-mutahajjid wa silāḥ al-mutaʿabbid'', p. 27; Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''Falāḥ al-sāʾil wa najāḥ al-masāʾil fī ʿamal al-yawm wa al-layl'', p. 129; Shurrāb,'' Al-Ma'ālim al-Athīrah fī al-Sunnah wa al-Sīrah'', p. 129.</ref>
{{main|Shami pillar}}
==The Shami Pillar==
The Shami pillar is the third pillar among the pillars of the Ka'ba in the path of [[Tawaf]].<ref>Qalqashandī,''Ṣubḥ al-Aʿshá fī ṣināʿat al-inshā'', vol. 4, p. 258; Muʿtamid al-Dawlah, '' Safarnāmah-i Farhād Mīrzā'', p. 257; Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 247-248.</ref>
{{Main Article: Rukn al-Shami}}
This pillar is located after the Iraqi pillar and before the Yemeni pillar, on the side of [[Bab al-Ziyadah]].<ref>Khwārazmī, ''Iṣārat al-targhīb wa al-tashwīq ilá al-masājid al-thalātha wa al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p.  289-290; Marjānī, '' Bahjat al-nufūs wa al-asrār'', vol. 2, p. 763; Ibn Baṭūṭa,''Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 374.</ref>
Rukn al-Shami is the third corner of the Kaaba encountered during the circumambulation [[(Tawaf)]]. .<ref>Qalqashandī,''Ṣubḥ al-Aʿshá fī ṣināʿat al-inshā'', vol. 4, p. 258; Muʿtamid al-Dawlah, '' Safarnāmah-i Farhād Mīrzā'', p. 257; Kurdī,''Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm'', vol. 3, p. 247-248.</ref>
] It follows Rukn al-Iraqi and precedes Rukn al-Yamani. This corner is situated towards the [[Bab al-Ziyada]] (Increase Gate). <ref>Khwārazmī, ''Iṣārat al-targhīb wa al-tashwīq ilá al-masājid al-thalātha wa al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p.  289-290; Marjānī, '' Bahjat al-nufūs wa al-asrār'', vol. 2, p. 763; Ibn Baṭūṭa,''Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 374.</ref>


==Yamani pillar==
==The Yamani Pillar==
According to the path of Tawaf, the Yamani pillar is recognized as the last and fourth pillar of the Ka'ba, before the Black Stone.<ref>Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī,''Muʿjam al-buldān'', vol. 4, p. 465; Ibn Baṭūṭa,''Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 374; Muʿtamid al-Dawlah, '' Safarnāmah-i Farhād Mīrzā'', p. 375.</ref>
{{Main Article: Rukn al-Yamani}}
The pillar is located in the south of the Ka'ba and is therefore also known as the southern pillar.<ref>Nāṣir Khusraw, ''Safarnāmah-i Nāṣir Khusraw'', p. 129; Burckhardt, ''Tarḥāl fī al-Jazīrah al-ʿArabīyah'', p. 176; Khalīlī, ''Mawsūʿat al-ʿAtābāt al-Muqaddasah'', vol. 2, p. 333.</ref>  
Rukn al-Yamani, according to the circumambulation (Tawaf) route, is recognized as the fourth and final corner of the Kaaba, preceding Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad. <ref>Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī,'' Muʿjam al-buldān'', vol. 4, p. 465; Ibn Baṭūṭa,'' Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa'', vol. 1, p. 374; Muʿtamid al-Dawlah, '' Safarnāmah-i Farhād Mīrzā'', p. 375.</ref>
In narrations, an angel near the Yamani pillar is mentioned whose task is to respond 'Ameen' to the prayers of the believers. Additionally, this angel conveys the blessings of the believers upon the Prophet to him.<ref>Kulaynī, ''Al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 408.</ref>
This corner (pillar) is situated on the southern side of the Kaaba, hence it is also known as the Southern Corner.<ref>Nāṣir Khusraw, ''Safarnāmah-i Nāṣir Khusraw'', p. 129; Burckhardt, ''Tarḥāl fī al-Jazīrah al-ʿArabīyah'', p. 176; Khalīlī, ''Mawsūʿat al-ʿAtābāt al-Muqaddasah'', vol. 2, p. 333.</ref>  
[[The Mustajar]] is a part of the wall of the Ka'ba near this pillar.
According to narrations, an angel is present at Rukn al-Yamani who says "Amen" to the prayers of the believers. Additionally, this angel conveys the believers' blessings upon the Prophet to him.<ref>Kulaynī, ''Al-Kāfī'', vol. 4, p. 408.</ref>
The section of the Kaaba's wall near this corner is known as Al-[[Mustajar]].
==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Notes}}
{{Notes}}

Latest revision as of 15:45, 30 July 2024

The pillars of the Ka'ba are the four corners of this structure, each of which is positioned towards one of the four directions, namely east, west, north, and south. These corners are referred to as "Rukn" (plural: Arkan). Specifically, these corners are named as follows: Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad (Eastern Corner), Rukn al-Shami (Western Corner), Rukn al-Iraqi (Northern Corner), and Rukn al-Yamani (Southern Corner).

View

The overall view of the Kaaba reveals a four-sided structure with four corners (square), each of which is called a pillar, and collectively they are known as the pillars of the Kaaba. Each of these pillars also has alternative names. For instance, each pillar is referred to by the name of a specific region towards which it faces: the Iraqi pillar, the Shami pillar, and the Yemeni pillar.

The pillars of the Kaaba play a significant role in the manifestation of certain rituals and customs of the Hajj pilgrimage. One such pillar is the Black Stone Corner, which marks the beginning and end of the circumambulation (Tawaf). [1]

The Hajar al-Aswad Pillar

Template:Main Article: Hajar al-Aswad pillar The eastern pillar, known as the pillar of the Black Stone (Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad), is the starting point of the Tawaf. This pillar is located in the southeast of the Ka'ba.[2] This corner is situated in the southeast of the Kaaba. It is the closest corner to the entrance door of the Kaaba and faces the Well of Zamzam. Opposite Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad lies the well-known Mount Abu Qubais. [3] The section of the Kaaba's wall near this corner is called Al-Multazam.


The Iraqi Pillar

Template:Main Article: Rukn al-Iraqi Rukn al-Iraqi is the second corner of the Kaaba encountered during the circumambulation (Tawaf), [4] following Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad and preceding Rukn al-Shami. It is situated towards the Bab al-Umrah (Umrah Gate). [5] This corner is named Rukn al-Iraqi due to its orientation towards Iraq and the fact that it faces the qibla for the people of Iraq. [6]

The Shami Pillar

Template:Main Article: Rukn al-Shami Rukn al-Shami is the third corner of the Kaaba encountered during the circumambulation (Tawaf). .[7] ] It follows Rukn al-Iraqi and precedes Rukn al-Yamani. This corner is situated towards the Bab al-Ziyada (Increase Gate). [8]

The Yamani Pillar

Template:Main Article: Rukn al-Yamani Rukn al-Yamani, according to the circumambulation (Tawaf) route, is recognized as the fourth and final corner of the Kaaba, preceding Rukn al-Hajar al-Aswad. [9] This corner (pillar) is situated on the southern side of the Kaaba, hence it is also known as the Southern Corner.[10] According to narrations, an angel is present at Rukn al-Yamani who says "Amen" to the prayers of the believers. Additionally, this angel conveys the believers' blessings upon the Prophet to him.[11] The section of the Kaaba's wall near this corner is known as Al-Mustajar.

Notes

  1. ↑ Ṣabrī Pāshā, Ayyūb. Mawsūʿa mirʾāt al-ḥaramayn, vol. 2, p. 264.
  2. ↑ Azraqī, Akhbār Makkah, Vol. 1, p. 65; Kurdī,Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm, vol.3, p. 236; Ibn Jubayr,Riḥla Ibn Jubayr, p. 53.
  3. ↑ Maqdisī al-Bashārī, Aḥsan al-taqāsīm fī maʿrifat al-aqālīm, p. 72.
  4. ↑ Baghdādī, Marāṣid al-ʾiṭṭlāʿ ʿlā ʾasmāʾi al-amkina wa al-buqāʿ, vol. 2, p. 629; Fārisī al-Aṣṭakhrī, Al-Masālik wa al-mamālik, p. 16.
  5. ↑ Marjānī, Bahjat al-nufūs wa al-asrār, vol. 2, p. 763; Kurdī,Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm, vol. 3, p. 248; Ibn Baṭūṭa,Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa, vol. 1, p. 374.
  6. ↑ Ṭūsī, Muṣbaḥ al-mutahajjid wa silāḥ al-mutaʿabbid, p. 27; Ibn Ṭāwūs, Falāḥ al-sāʾil wa najāḥ al-masāʾil fī ʿamal al-yawm wa al-layl, p. 129; Shurrāb, Al-Ma'ālim al-Athīrah fī al-Sunnah wa al-Sīrah, p. 129.
  7. ↑ Qalqashandī,Ṣubḥ al-Aʿshá fī ṣināʿat al-inshā, vol. 4, p. 258; Muʿtamid al-Dawlah, Safarnāmah-i Farhād Mīrzā, p. 257; Kurdī,Al-Tārīkh al-qawīm li Makka wa bayt Allāh al-karīm, vol. 3, p. 247-248.
  8. ↑ Khwārazmī, Iṣārat al-targhīb wa al-tashwīq ilá al-masājid al-thalātha wa al-bayt al-ʿatīq, vol. 1, p. 289-290; Marjānī, Bahjat al-nufūs wa al-asrār, vol. 2, p. 763; Ibn Baṭūṭa,Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa, vol. 1, p. 374.
  9. ↑ Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān, vol. 4, p. 465; Ibn Baṭūṭa, Al-Raḥla Ibn Baṭūṭa, vol. 1, p. 374; Muʿtamid al-Dawlah, Safarnāmah-i Farhād Mīrzā, p. 375.
  10. ↑ Nāṣir Khusraw, Safarnāmah-i Nāṣir Khusraw, p. 129; Burckhardt, Tarḥāl fī al-Jazīrah al-ʿArabīyah, p. 176; Khalīlī, Mawsūʿat al-ʿAtābāt al-Muqaddasah, vol. 2, p. 333.
  11. ↑ Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, vol. 4, p. 408.

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