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The Madinan Sanctuary / The Prophet’s Mosque in Medina
Ḥaram Madanī is an area of the city of Medina in the Hijaz that, in Islam, holds sanctity and has special etiquettes and rulings.
This area extends from the east and west between the eastern lava field (al-Ḥarra al-Sharqiyya) and the western lava field (al-Ḥarra al-Gharbiyya), and from the north and south, from Mount Thawr to Mount ʿAyr.
The Madinan Sanctuary has rulings and etiquettes, such as the recommended act of performing ghusl and purification when entering it, and these are similar to the rulings and etiquettes of the Meccan Sanctuary.
Some have considered the reason for Medina being made a sanctuary to be the granting of protection to Medina and its inhabitants, while others have attributed it to the presence of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
==Boundaries==
The Madinan Sanctuary is an area within Medina in the Hijaz.
This sanctuary lies, from the east and west, between the eastern lava field (al-Ḥarra al-Sharqiyya) and the western lava field (al-Ḥarra al-Gharbiyya).(1) al-Kulaynī ,"al-Kāfī,",vol. 4,p. 564-565. ,,, ibn Ḥanbal ," Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal ",vol. 3,p. 23. ,,, al-Ḥajjāj al-Nīshābūrī Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim",vol. 4,p. 113.
And according to one narration, it extends from the north and south, from Mount Thawr to Mount ‘Ayr.(2) al-Ḥajjāj al-Nīshābūrī Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim",vol. 4,p. 115. ,,, al-Bukhārī , "Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī ",vol. 8,p. 10.


---
In the narrations, other various expressions have also been mentioned for determining its northern and southern boundaries.(3) al-Kulaynī ,"al-Kāfī,",vol. 4,p. 564. ,,, al-Majlisī ,"Marāʾat al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl ", vol. 18, p. 279. ,,, Najafī," Jawāhir al-Kalām fī Sharḥ Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām " ,vol. 20, p. 75. ,,, ibn Bābawayh ," Maʿānī al-Akhbār ",p. 337.
 
==Why it became a Haram==
**Masjid al-Ghamama (The Cloud Mosque)** 
Various reasons have been mentioned for why the city of Medina was made a sanctuary (ḥaram).
{{Infobox building 
Some of them are as follows:
| name = Masjid al-Ghamama 
• Providing protection to Medina and its inhabitants;(4) al-Ḥajjāj al-Nīshābūrī Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim",vol. 4,p. .117-118  ,,, al-Bayhaqī ," al-Sunan al-Kubrā " ,vol. 5, p. 198. ,,, al-Ṭabarānī ,  " al-Muʿjam al-Kabīr " ,vol. 6, p. 92. ,,, ibn Ḥanbal ," Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal ",vol. 4, p. 55-56. ,,, al-Haythamī , “Majmaʿ al-Zawāʾid wa Manbaʿ al-Fawāʾid " ,vol. 3, p. 306. ,,, al-Ṭūsī , "Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqnaʿah li al-Shaykh al-Mufīd ",vol. 10, p. 216.
| image = Masjid al-Ghamama.jpeg 
• Showing reverence to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him);
| image_size = 
• The witnessing of divine lights by the Prophet (peace be upon him) within this area;
| alt = 
• The descent of the angels who guarded the Prophet (peace be upon him) in this area;
| caption = 
• The sanctity of the place where the Prophet (peace be upon him) is buried. [5] al-Samhūdī , "Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā ",vol. 1, p. 117-118.
| other_names = 
==Etiquettes and Rules==
| location = Manakha district, west of the Prophet's Mosque in Medina 
Main Article: Etiquettes of the Two Sanctuaries
| type = Mosque 
According to Shia hadith sources, the Medina sanctuary has etiquettes and rulings similar to the Mecca sanctuary; such as the virtue of performing ghusl (ritual purification) and maintaining cleanliness upon entering Medina and when visiting the Prophet’s sanctuary (peace be upon him).
| dedicated_to = 
Some Sunni jurists have also issued rulings recommending ghusl upon entering the Medina sanctuary.(6) al-Ḥaskafī , "al-Durr al-Mukhtār " ,vol. 1, p. 184. ,,, al-Majmūʿ Sharḥ al-Muḥadhdhab ",vol. 8, p. 273. ,,, Fatḥ al-Wahhāb, vol. 1, p. 257.
| affiliation = 
In Shia narrations, regarding hunting and cutting trees, there are narrations permitting(7) al-Ḥumayrī ," Qurb al-Isnād ", p. 301.
| deity = 
And narrations indicating non-permissibility.(8) ibn Bābawayh ," Maʿānī al-Akhbār ",p. 337.
| rites = 
They indicate this. In narrations from the Sunni tradition, cutting the trees of the Haram Madani (the Sanctuary of Medina) has been deemed forbidden.(9) ibn Bābawayh ," Maʿānī al-Akhbār ",p. 337.
| rules = 
Related topics
| pilgrims = 
•The Two Sanctuaries (Haramayn)
| visitors = 
•The Meccan Sanctuary (Haram Makki)
| established = 
==Notes==
| founder = 
{{Notes}}
| events = 
==Reference==
| reconstructions = 
{{ref}}
| reconstruction_by = 
.Qawāʿid wa Khaṣāʾiṣ al-Ḥaramayn al-Makkī wa al-Madanī, ʿAlī Aḥmad Yaḥyā al-Qāʿidī. Beirut: al-Riyān, 1429 AH.
| destroyed_parts = 
  .Tārīkh Makkah al-Musharrafah, Muḥammad ibn al-Ḍiyāʾ (d. 854 AH), edited by al-ʿAdawī. Makkah: Maktabat al-Tijārīyah Muṣṭafā Aḥmad al-Bāz, 1416 AH.
| historical_features = Site of Eid prayers by the Prophet 
.Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqnaʿah li al-Shaykh al-Mufīd, Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī (385–460 AH), edited by Sayyid Ḥasan Mūsawī Khorasān and ʿAlī Ākhundī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyah, 1365 SH.
| custodians = 
.Jawāhir al-Kalām fī Sharḥ Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām, Muḥammad Ḥusayn Najafī (d. 1266 AH). Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, n.d.
| area = 
  .al-Durr al-Mukhtār, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Ḥaskafī (d. 1088 AH). Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1415 AH.
| length = 
.al-Sunan al-Kubrā, Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Bayhaqī (384–458 AH). Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1416 AH.
| width = 
  .Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Bukhārī (d. 256 AH), edited by ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Bāz. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1401 AH.
| height = 
.Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj al-Nīshābūrī (206–261 AH), edited by Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1419 AH.
| condition = 
.Qurb al-Isnād, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Jaʿfar al-Ḥumayrī (d. 300 AH). Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1413 AH.
| capacity = 
.al-Kāfī, Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb al-Kulaynī (d. 329 AH), edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghafārī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyah, 1375 SH.
| facilities = 
.Marāʾat al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl, Muḥammad Bāqir al-Majlisī (1037–1110 AH), edited by Sayyid Hāshim Rasūlī Maḥallātī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyah, 1363 SH.
| sections = 
  .Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal (d. 241 AH). Beirut: Dār al-Ṣādir, n.d.
| architect = 
  .Maʿānī al-Akhbār, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Bābawayh (al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq) (311–381 AH), edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghafārī. Qom: Daftar Intishārāt Islāmī, 1361 SH.
| style = 
  .Majmaʿ al-Zawāʾid wa Manbaʿ al-Fawāʾid, ʿAlī ibn Abī Bakr al-Haythamī (d. 807 AH). Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1402 AH.
| features = 
  .al-Majmūʿ Sharḥ al-Muḥadhdhab, Yaḥyā ibn Sharaf al-Nawawī (631–676 AH). Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.
| domes = 
  .al-Muʿjam al-Kabīr, Sulaymān ibn Aḥmad al-Ṭabarānī (260–360 AH), edited by Ḥamdī ʿAbd al-Majīd al-Salfī. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1405 AH.
| minarets = 
  .Maʿjam mā Istaʿjam min Asmāʾ al-Bilād wa al-Mawāḍiʿ, ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Bakrī (d. 487 AH), edited by al-Suqāʾ. Beirut: ʿĀlam al-Kutub, 1403 AH.
| doors = 
  .Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī (d. 911 AH), edited by Muḥammad Muḥyī al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 2006 CE.
| arcades = 
| courtyards = 
| porches = 
| operator = 
| affiliated_institutions = 
| governing_body = 
| director = 
| clergy = 
| subsidiaries = 
| registered = 
| registration_number = 
| registration_date = 
| website = 
| latitude = 24.465864450446933 
| longitude = 39.60695433493071 
| map_alt = 
}}
 
**Masjid al-Ghamama**, also known as the **Musalla Mosque**, is a mosque located west of the [[Prophet's Mosque]] in the city of [[Medina]]. Along with two other mosques (the [[Imam Ali Mosque (Manakha)|Ali ibn Abi Talib Mosque]] and the [[Abu Bakr Mosque (Manakha)|Abu Bakr Mosque]]), collectively referred to as the **Prayer Ground Mosques**, Masjid al-Ghamama was built in an open area known as **Manakha**, where the Prophet performed Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Fitr prayers.
 
The current structure of Masjid al-Ghamama dates back to the time of Sultan Abdulmejid I of the Ottoman Empire (r. 1255–1277 AH / 1839–1861 CE) and has only been restored since then.
 
### Location 
Masjid al-Ghamama, or the Musalla Mosque, is located southwest of the [[Prophet's Mosque]] in an area known as the **Prayer Ground**. This area, called **Manakha**, was a desert where the Medina market was also held. The Prophet used this open space for Eid prayers (Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Fitr) and the prayer for rain (Istisqa).<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Wafa_al-Wafa_Samhudi_Vol3.pdf&page=122 Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, vol. 3, p. 122]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Masajid_al-Athariya.pdf&page=223 Masājid al-Athariya, p. 223]</ref> 
 
{{Main|Prophet's Prayer Ground (PBUH)}} 
[[Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)]] performed Eid prayers in various locations within Manakha. Later, mosques were built on some of these sites, collectively known as the **Prayer Ground Mosques**. The other two mosques are the [[Imam Ali Mosque (Manakha)|Ali ibn Abi Talib Mosque]] and the [[Abu Bakr Mosque (Manakha)|Abu Bakr Mosque]].<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Masajid_al-Athariya.pdf&page=223 Masājid al-Athariya, p. 223]</ref> 
 
### Naming 
The name **Ghamama** means "cloud." It is said that once, while the Prophet was performing the prayer for rain (Istisqa), a cloud shaded him, and then rain fell.<ref>Madīna Shināsī, vol. 1, p. 153</ref> 
 
Masjid al-Ghamama is also called the **Musalla Mosque** because it is believed to be the site where the Prophet performed Eid prayers in the final years of his life.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Wafa_al-Wafa_Samhudi_Vol3.pdf&page=117 Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, vol. 3, p. 117]</ref> 
 
### History of the Mosque 
The site of Masjid al-Ghamama was the last prayer ground used by the Prophet. It was the final place where he performed Eid prayers, and after his passing, Eid and rain prayers continued to be held there. During the time of [[Ibn Zabala]] (d. 200 AH) and [[Ibn Shabba]] (d. 262 AH), historians of Medina, this site was recognized as the prayer ground.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Wafa_al-Wafa_Samhudi_Vol3.pdf&page=115 Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, vol. 3, p. 115]</ref> 
 
It is said that this site was near the house of Kathir ibn Salt, a companion of the Prophet, and located to its south.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Wafa_al-Wafa_Samhudi_Vol3.pdf&page=118 Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, vol. 3, p. 118]</ref> 
[[File:Masjid al-Ghamama floor plan.png|350px|thumb|left|Floor plan of the Musalla Mosque]] 
 
#### 9th Century and Beyond 
Masjid al-Ghamama is mentioned in the reports of Medina historians from the 8th century.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Al-Taʿrīf bi-mā Anasat al-Hijra.pdf&page=146 Al-Taʿrīf bi-mā Anasat al-Hijra, p. 146]</ref> According to Samhudi (d. 911 AH), it was likely first built during the time of [[Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz]].<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Wafa_al-Wafa_Samhudi_Vol3.pdf&page=122 Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, vol. 3, p. 122]</ref> Samhudi reports that the mosque existed during his time, though it was in a state of disrepair. An inscription on the mosque's door stated that it was reconstructed by the order of Izz al-Din, the Sheikh of the Haram in Mecca (d. 761 AH).<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Wafa_al-Wafa_Samhudi_Vol3.pdf&page=123 Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, vol. 3, p. 123]</ref> The mosque was reconstructed in 861 AH by Amir Bardbak, who was an architect.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Wafa_al-Wafa_Samhudi_Vol3.pdf&page=146 Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, vol. 3, p. 146]</ref> 
 
It is said that Al-Ayyashi mentioned this mosque in his travelogue in 1073 AH, referring to it as the **Musalla al-Eid Mosque**.<ref>Al-Masājid al-Athariya, p. 235</ref> 
 
#### Ottoman Era Reconstruction  
Masjid al-Ghamama was reconstructed during the reign of Sultan Abdulmejid I of the Ottoman Empire (r. 1255–1277 AH / 1839–1861 CE), and the same structure remains to this day.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Maʿālim_al-Madīna_al-Munawwara_bayn_al-ʿImāra_wa_al-Tārīkh_Juzʾ4_Mujallad1.pdf&page=348 Maʿālim al-Madīna bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh, Juzʾ 4, Mujallad 1, p. 348]</ref> During the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1293–1327 AH / 1876–1909 CE), further renovations were carried out.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Masajid_al-Athariya.pdf&page=223 Masājid al-Athariya, p. 232]</ref> In the [[Saudi era]], the mosque was restored based on the same structure, with an inscription dating the restoration to 1411 AH during the reign of King Fahd.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Masajid_al-Athariya.pdf&page=234 Masājid al-Athariya, p. 234]</ref> 
 
### Description of the Mosque  
Masjid al-Ghamama is 26 meters long, approximately 13 meters wide, and covers a total area of 338 square meters. The mosque has six circular domes, the largest of which is above the mihrab. Salih Lam'i Mustafa, in his book **Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī**, provides a detailed description and analysis of the mosque's architecture.<ref>See: [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Al-Madīna_al-Munawwara_Tatawwuruhā_al-ʿUmrānī.pdf&page=138 Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, pp. 138–145.]</ref> 
 
### The Minbar of the Musalla Mosque  
In recent times, the mosque housed a minbar with nine steps, bearing an inscription from Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. It is said that this minbar was likely a gift from him to the Prophet's Mosque, transferred to the Musalla Mosque in 998 AH / 1590 CE.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Al-Madīna_al-Munawwara_Tatawwuruhā_al-ʿUmrānī.pdf&page=142 Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, p. 142]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Maʿālim_al-Madīna_al-Munawwara_bayn_al-ʿImāra_wa_al-Tārīkh_Juzʾ4_Mujallad1.pdf&page=366 Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh, Juzʾ 4, Mujallad 1, p. 366]</ref> Some authors, including Abd al-Aziz Ka'ki in his book **Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh**, published in 2011, have published images of the minbar.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Maʿālim_al-Madīna_al-Munawwara_bayn_al-ʿImāra_wa_al-Tārīkh_Juzʾ4_Mujallad1.pdf&page=364 Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara, Juzʾ 4, Mujallad 1, p. 364]</ref> However, the minbar is not visible in recent images of Masjid al-Ghamama.{{Citation needed}} 
 
### Gallery 
<gallery> 
File:Masjid al-Ghamama interior 1.jpg 
File:Masjid al-Ghamama mihrab.jpg  
File:Masjid al-Ghamama exterior 1.jpg 
File:Masjid al-Ghamama exterior 3.jpg 
File:Masjid al-Ghamama rear view.jpg 
File:Map of Prayer Ground Mosques.png|The image above shows the distance between the Prayer Ground Mosques and one of the corners of the current Prophet's Mosque building. 
</gallery>  
 
### Related Topics 
[[Prophet's Prayer Ground (PBUH)]] 
 
### Notes 
{{reflist}} 
 
### References 
* **Al-Taʿrīf bi-mā Anasat al-Hijra**, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muṭarrī (d. 741 AH). Edited by Sulaymān al-Rāḥilī. Riyadh: Dārat al-Malik ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, 1426 AH.   
* **Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī wa Turāthuhā al-Miʿmārī**, Ṣāliḥ Lamʿī Muṣṭafā. Beirut: Dār al-Nahḍa al-ʿArabiyya, 1981 CE.   
* **Al-Masājid al-Athariya fī al-Madīna al-Munawwara**, Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī. Medina: Self-published, 1998 CE.   
* **Al-Masājid al-Athariya fī al-Madīna al-Munawwara**, Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī. Medina: Self-published, 2000 CE. 
* **Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara**, Abū Zayd ʿUmar ibn Shabba. Qom: Dār al-Fikr, 1368 SH.   
* **Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh**, Part 4, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Kaʿkī. Beirut: 2011 CE.   
* **Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā**, Nūr al-Dīn ʿAlī al-Samhūdī. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1995 CE.
 
[[Category:Mosques in Medina]] 
[[Category:Historical sites in Medina]] 
[[Category:Mosques in Medina]] 
[[Category:Historical sites in Medina]] 
{{Places in Medina}} 
{{end}} 
{{reflist}}

Latest revision as of 15:01, 13 December 2025

The Madinan Sanctuary / The Prophet’s Mosque in Medina Ḥaram Madanī is an area of the city of Medina in the Hijaz that, in Islam, holds sanctity and has special etiquettes and rulings. This area extends from the east and west between the eastern lava field (al-Ḥarra al-Sharqiyya) and the western lava field (al-Ḥarra al-Gharbiyya), and from the north and south, from Mount Thawr to Mount ʿAyr. The Madinan Sanctuary has rulings and etiquettes, such as the recommended act of performing ghusl and purification when entering it, and these are similar to the rulings and etiquettes of the Meccan Sanctuary. Some have considered the reason for Medina being made a sanctuary to be the granting of protection to Medina and its inhabitants, while others have attributed it to the presence of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

Boundaries

The Madinan Sanctuary is an area within Medina in the Hijaz. This sanctuary lies, from the east and west, between the eastern lava field (al-Ḥarra al-Sharqiyya) and the western lava field (al-Ḥarra al-Gharbiyya).(1) al-Kulaynī ,"al-Kāfī,",vol. 4,p. 564-565. ,,, ibn Ḥanbal ," Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal ",vol. 3,p. 23. ,,, al-Ḥajjāj al-Nīshābūrī Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim",vol. 4,p. 113. And according to one narration, it extends from the north and south, from Mount Thawr to Mount ‘Ayr.(2) al-Ḥajjāj al-Nīshābūrī Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim",vol. 4,p. 115. ,,, al-Bukhārī , "Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī ",vol. 8,p. 10.

In the narrations, other various expressions have also been mentioned for determining its northern and southern boundaries.(3) al-Kulaynī ,"al-Kāfī,",vol. 4,p. 564. ,,, al-Majlisī ,"Marāʾat al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl ", vol. 18, p. 279. ,,, Najafī," Jawāhir al-Kalām fī Sharḥ Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām " ,vol. 20, p. 75. ,,, ibn Bābawayh ," Maʿānī al-Akhbār ",p. 337.

Why it became a Haram

Various reasons have been mentioned for why the city of Medina was made a sanctuary (ḥaram). Some of them are as follows: • Providing protection to Medina and its inhabitants;(4) al-Ḥajjāj al-Nīshābūrī Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim",vol. 4,p. .117-118 ,,, al-Bayhaqī ," al-Sunan al-Kubrā " ,vol. 5, p. 198. ,,, al-Ṭabarānī , " al-Muʿjam al-Kabīr " ,vol. 6, p. 92. ,,, ibn Ḥanbal ," Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal ",vol. 4, p. 55-56. ,,, al-Haythamī , “Majmaʿ al-Zawāʾid wa Manbaʿ al-Fawāʾid " ,vol. 3, p. 306. ,,, al-Ṭūsī , "Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqnaʿah li al-Shaykh al-Mufīd ",vol. 10, p. 216. • Showing reverence to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him); • The witnessing of divine lights by the Prophet (peace be upon him) within this area; • The descent of the angels who guarded the Prophet (peace be upon him) in this area; • The sanctity of the place where the Prophet (peace be upon him) is buried. [5] al-Samhūdī , "Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā ",vol. 1, p. 117-118.

Etiquettes and Rules

Main Article: Etiquettes of the Two Sanctuaries According to Shia hadith sources, the Medina sanctuary has etiquettes and rulings similar to the Mecca sanctuary; such as the virtue of performing ghusl (ritual purification) and maintaining cleanliness upon entering Medina and when visiting the Prophet’s sanctuary (peace be upon him). Some Sunni jurists have also issued rulings recommending ghusl upon entering the Medina sanctuary.(6) al-Ḥaskafī , "al-Durr al-Mukhtār " ,vol. 1, p. 184. ,,, al-Majmūʿ Sharḥ al-Muḥadhdhab ",vol. 8, p. 273. ,,, Fatḥ al-Wahhāb, vol. 1, p. 257. In Shia narrations, regarding hunting and cutting trees, there are narrations permitting(7) al-Ḥumayrī ," Qurb al-Isnād ", p. 301. And narrations indicating non-permissibility.(8) ibn Bābawayh ," Maʿānī al-Akhbār ",p. 337. They indicate this. In narrations from the Sunni tradition, cutting the trees of the Haram Madani (the Sanctuary of Medina) has been deemed forbidden.(9) ibn Bābawayh ," Maʿānī al-Akhbār ",p. 337. Related topics •The Two Sanctuaries (Haramayn) •The Meccan Sanctuary (Haram Makki)

Notes

Reference

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