Al-Fath Mosque: Difference between revisions
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== Location == | == Location == | ||
Al-Fath Mosque is situated on a section of the western slope of [[Mount Sela']].<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title= | Al-Fath Mosque is situated on a section of the western slope of [[Mount Sela']].<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file%3Aمساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=138 ''Al-Masājid al-atharīyya'', p. 138.]</ref> Fath is the name of the area where the group of [[al-Fath Mosques]] is located. The most famous of these mosques, positioned at the highest part of the slope, is al-Fath Mosque.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file%3Aتاریخ_معالم_المدینه_المنوره_قدیما_و_حدیثا.pdf&page=199 ''Tārīkh maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan'', p. 199.]</ref> | ||
== Origin and Names == | == Origin and Names == | ||
The Prophet's command tent during the [[Battle of the Trench]] was located at the site of this mosque,<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title= | The Prophet's command tent during the [[Battle of the Trench]] was located at the site of this mosque,<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=900 ''Mawsūʿat mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab'', vol. 4, p. 900.]</ref> and thus it came to be known as al-Ahzāb Mosque. It was here that the Prophet prayed to God to defeat the “Ahzab.”<ref>''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'', vol. 3, p. 234.</ref><ref name=":0" /> The Prophet prayed for three days, and on Wednesday, after the supplication was answered, signs of joy appeared on his face.<ref>''al-Istidhkār'', vol. 2, p. 534.</ref> The spot where the Prophet (s) prayed was marked with a pillar in the mosque's courtyard during the second/eighth and third/ninth centuries.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file:تاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=60 ''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-munawwara'', p. 60.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file:اخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=142 ''Akhbār al-Madīna'', p. 142.]</ref> | ||
It is narrated that the Prophet (s) gave Muslims the glad tidings of victory at this place, hence it was called al-Fath Mosque. Others believe the mosque was named “Fath” because Sura al-Fath was revealed there.<ref>''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa-l-tārīkh'', part 4, vol. 4, p. 84.</ref> The name “al-A'lā” has also been given to the mosque, referring to its elevated location on the slopes of Mount Sela'.<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title= | It is narrated that the Prophet (s) gave Muslims the glad tidings of victory at this place, hence it was called al-Fath Mosque. Others believe the mosque was named “Fath” because Sura al-Fath was revealed there.<ref>''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa-l-tārīkh'', part 4, vol. 4, p. 84.</ref> The name “al-A'lā” has also been given to the mosque, referring to its elevated location on the slopes of Mount Sela'.<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 ''Al-Masājid al-atharīyya'', p. 139.]</ref> | ||
=== Prophet's Prayer in al-Fath Mosque === | === Prophet's Prayer in al-Fath Mosque === | ||
The Prophet (s) performed the afternoon prayer in the area of al-Fath Mosque.<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title= | The Prophet (s) performed the afternoon prayer in the area of al-Fath Mosque.<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file%3Aتاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=59 ''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-munawwara'', p. 59.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file%3Aاخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=143 ''Akhbār al-Madīna'', b. Zubāla, p. 143.]</ref> On one of the nights of the Battle of the Trench, the Prophet (s) stood on the hill where the mosque is located and asked for a volunteer to gather news from the enemy camp. Hudhayfa undertook the mission while the Prophet waited for his return.<ref>''I'lām al-Warā bi-A'lām al-Hudā'', vol. 1, p. 193.</ref> | ||
== History of the Building == | == History of the Building == | ||
The mosque's first structure was built by [['Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz]] (governor of Medina between 87/706 – 93/711-12). It had a single portico with three columns.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title= | The mosque's first structure was built by [['Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz]] (governor of Medina between 87/706 – 93/711-12). It had a single portico with three columns.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 ''Al-Masājid al-atharīyya'', p. 139.]</ref> In 575/1179-80, the mosque was rebuilt by Husayn b. Abi al-Hayja', a vizier of the [[Fatimids of Egypt]], who also undertook expansions in al-Masjid al-Nabawi.<ref>''al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa'', vol. 1, p. 297.</ref> The current structure of the mosque goes back to the renovation in 1270/1853.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=696 ''Mawsūʿat mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab'', vol. 4, p. 696.]</ref> The mosque was restored again in 1411/1990-91, and further restoration after 1430/2009 gave the mosque its present appearance.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=140 ''Al-Masājid al-atharīyya'', p. 140.]; ''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-ʿimāra wa-l-tārīkh'', part 4, vol. 4, pp. 94, 103.</ref> | ||
== Supplication of al-Fath Mosque == | == Supplication of al-Fath Mosque == | ||
This mosque has been regarded as one of the significant mosques for Muslims in the early centuries of Islam.<ref name=":2" /> A supplication has been narrated for visitors of the mosque, beginning with: “Lā ilāha illā Allāh al-'Aẓīm al-Ḥalīm...”<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title= | This mosque has been regarded as one of the significant mosques for Muslims in the early centuries of Islam.<ref name=":2" /> A supplication has been narrated for visitors of the mosque, beginning with: “Lā ilāha illā Allāh al-'Aẓīm al-Ḥalīm...”<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=file%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=694 ''Mawsūʿat mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab'', vol. 4, p. 694.]</ref> In Shia sources, another supplication is reported, recommended to be recited in al-Fath Mosque after the [[Tahiyyat al-Masjid]] prayer: | ||
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=== Recent Pictures === | === Recent Pictures === | ||
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file:مسجد فتح 1.jpg|alt= | |||
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=== Old Pictures === | === Old Pictures === | ||
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file:مسجد فتح 14.png|alt=|After the renovation in 1270/1853 | |||
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file:مسجد فتح 11.jpg|alt=| | |||
file:مسجد فتح 12.jpg|alt= | |||
file:مسجد فتح 5.webp|alt=|After the renovation in 1411/1991 | |||
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file:مسجد فتح 17.png|alt= | |||
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file:مسجد فتح 10.png|alt= | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||