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The Al-Rāyah Mosque (Arabic: مسجد الرایه), also known as Al-Dhubāb Mosque and Qarin Mosque, is a mosque located in the north of [[Medina]] on top of [[Mount Dhubab]].
{{Building
| title = Salman al-Farsi Mosque
| image =سلمان.jpg
| image size =
| image link =
| image description =
| other names =
| place = [[Saudi Arabia]] * [[Medina]] * Near the [[Fath Mosque]] and at the edge of Mount Sela' 
| usage = Mosque
| religious affiliation = Islam
| beliefs =
| rituals =
| rulings =
| pilgrims =
| visitors =
| time of construction = 1st century AH
| founder =
| events =
| reconstructions =
| reconstructors =
| missing parts =
| historical features = The place where the Prophet(s) prayed
| trustee =
| space =
| length =
| width =
| height =
| status = Existing
| capacity =
| facilities =
| parts =
| architect =
| style =
| properties =
| domes =
| minarets =
| doors =
| porticos =
| courts =
| verandas =
| affiliated entity =
| maintaining entity =
| administrator =
| imam of prayer =
| subsidiary entities =
| registered in =
| registration no. =
| registration date =
| website =
| latitude =  24.477443
| longitude = 39.595562
| map description =
}} 
'''Salman al-Farsi Mosque''' is one of the historical mosques in Medina, located south of the [[Fath Mosque (Medina)|Fath Mosque]] and northwest of [[Mount Sela']]. The Prophet (PBUH) prayed at this site during the [[Battle of the Trench]]. The mosque is named after [[Salman al-Farsi]], one of the companions of [[Prophet Muhammad(s)], who suggested digging the trench to defend against the Quraysh army. The mosque features a courtyard and a rectangular prayer hall. 


During the [[Battle of Ahzab]], a tent was erected for the Prophet (s) on top of Mount Dhubab where he prayed. Later, Muslims built the Al-Rayah Mosque to commemorate this place.
==Name and Location== 
==Location==
Salman al-Farsi Mosque is located south of the [[Fath Mosque]] and northwest of the slopes of [[Mount Sela']].<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Masajid_al-Athariya.pdf&page=143 Masājid al-Athariya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 143.]</ref> It is said that the mosque was named after [[Salman al-Farsi]], a companion of the Prophet (PBUH), who played a key role in the [[Battle of the Trench]] by proposing the idea of digging the trench.<ref name=":0" /> 


Dhubab Mosque is located to the northwest of the [[Masjid al-nabi]]<ref>ʿAbd al-Ghanī, '' Masājid al-Ātharīyah'', p. 80.</ref>
==The Prophet's Prayer== 
And it is situated on top of the small Mount Dhu'bab, on the right side of Uthman b. Affan Street.<ref>Kaʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 160,164.</ref>  
Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the [[Fath Mosques]]. According to narrations, the Prophet (PBUH) prayed at the Fath Mosque and its surrounding mosques.<ref name=":4">Al-Durra al-Thamina fi Tarikh al-Madina, Ibn Najjar, p. 189.</ref> Ibn Shabba reports that during the [[Battle of the Trench]], the Prophet prayed at the base of Mount Sela' and then ascended the mountain to supplicate.<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Tarikh_al-Madina_al-Munawwara_Ibn_Shabba.pdf&page=59 Tarikh al-Madina al-Munawwara, Ibn Shabba, pp. 58–59.]</ref> Researchers believe this site to be the same as Salman al-Farsi Mosque.<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Masajid_al-Athariya.pdf&page=144 Masājid al-Athariya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 144.]</ref>
This mountain is to the east of [[Mount Sala']] and near [[Thaniyat al-Wada']].<ref>ʿIyāshī, '' Al-Riḥlah al-ʿIyāshīyah'', vol. 1, p. 396.</ref>


==Current Status==
==History==   
The entrance to the Al-Rayah Mosque is from the Qibla (south) side.(4) )  Kuʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 168.
Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in [[Medina]]. Some scholars suggest that it was likely built during the governorship of [[Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz]] over Medina (87–101 AH).<ref name=":6">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Al-Madina_al-Munawwara_Tatawwuruhā_al-ʿUmrānī.pdf&page=188 Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, p. 188.]</ref> The mention of the mosque in the works of Ibn Shabba<ref name=":2" /> (who lived between 173–262 AH) indicates that the mosque existed in the 2nd century AH.   
The mosque has a simple appearance and does not have a minaret, prominent verses, or any decorations inside or outside.(5) )  Kuʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 172.
In late 2022, the mosque was renovated, and its appearance changed from white to an old-style stone design. In late 2023, the houses surrounding the mosque were demolished.(6) '' Website of Saudi Press Agency (SPA) ''
==History==
During the Battle of the Trench (fifth year of Hijra) and while digging the trench around Medina, a tent was erected for the Prophet (PBUH) at this location to rest and oversee the trench digging activities. The Prophet (PBUH) also prayed there.(7) al-Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá '', vol. 3, p. 201.
==Names==
Apparently, the reason for naming this mosque Al-Rayah Mosque (Flag Mosque) is that the flag of the Prophet's companion, Muslim ibn Uqbah, was raised at this location during the Battle of Harrah (63 Hijri).(8) al-Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá '', vol. 3, p. 204.
It is also possible that this name is due to the placement of the Islamic flag on this mountain during the Battle of the Trench.(9) al-Shanqīṭī, ''  Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn '' , p. 71.
It has also been said that Dhu'bab was the name of a man whom Marwan ibn Hakam hanged on top of this mosque.(10)  ibn Shabbah Namīrī, "Tārīkh al-Madīnah Munawwarah", p. 262.
Another name for it is "Qarin Mosque".(11) ) ʿAbd al-Ghanī, '' Masājid al-Ātharīyah'', p. 80.
==Building History==
According to evidence, the Al-Rayah Mosque was first built during the time of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz's governance over Medina.(12) al-Samhūdī, '' Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá '', vol. 3, p. 202.
The mosque building had been destroyed during a period prior to the 9th century Hijri, and around 845 Hijri, it was reconstructed by Amir Janbak al-Nayruzi.(13)ʿAbd al-Qadūs al-Anṣārī, ''Āthār al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah'', p. 129.
Additionally, some Arab historians have seen and described this mosque at various times. Abdul Qadous Ansari (died: 1403 AH) observed this mosque at the end of the fourteenth century AH and noted its dimensions, stating that the length and width of the building were 4 meters and its height was 6 meters. He believed that the stone structure of the mosque resembled its construction in the ninth century.(13) ʿAbd al-Qadūs al-Anṣārī, ''Āthār al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah'', p. 129.
Shanqeeti (died: 1393 AH) also described this mosque as being built in 1405 with old-style light stones. According to him, the mosque only had a main chamber and a courtyard without a door.(14) ) al-Shanqīṭī, ''  Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn '' , p. 172.
Elias Abdul Ghani, in his work "Masajid al-Athariyyah," described the interior and exterior of the building as having been plastered in 1418 AH. He mentioned the presence of a covered prayer hall (musalla) which enlarged the mosque space, accommodating the five daily prayers.(1) ) ʿAbd al-Ghanī, '' Masājid al-Ātharīyah'', p. 80.
Contemporary researcher Kaaki, in his book published in 2011, states that the mosque remains in the same condition as described by Ansari. However, Kaaki also mentions the renovation of the mosque during the era of the Al Saud dynasty.(15) ) Kuʿakī, ''Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh'', vol. 2, p. 166.


==Gallery==
Ibn al-Barraj (d. 481 AH) also mentioned this mosque.<ref>Al-Muhadhdhab, Ibn al-Barraj, vol. 1, p. 283.</ref> The mosque was reconstructed in 577 AH.<ref name=":5">Bahjat al-Nufus wa al-Asrar fi Tarikh Dar Hijrat al-Nabi al-Mukhtar, Marjani, vol. 1, p. 570.</ref><ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Al-Madina_al-Munawwara_Tatawwuruhā_al-ʿUmrānī.pdf&page=189 Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, p. 189.]</ref> After this reconstruction, [[Ibn Najjar]] described the mosque as being surrounded by numerous palm trees and constructed with stone and plaster.<ref name=":4" /> Some Shia sources from the 7th century AH mention prayers and visits to this mosque.<ref>Al-Mazar, Muhammad ibn Jaʿfar al-Mashhadi, p. 102.</ref><ref>Misbah al-Zaʾir, Sayyid Ibn Tawus, p. 64.</ref> 


Images of the mosque, in 2021 (the time when this white appearance of the mosque came into existence is not specified)
[[Ibn Jubayr]] (d. 614 AH) described the mosque in his travelogue as being on the way to [[Mount Uhud]].<ref>Rihlat Ibn Jubayr, p. 156.</ref> The mosque is also mentioned in works from the 8th century,<ref>Rihlat Ibn Battuta, vol. 1, p. 363 / Bahjat al-Nufus wa al-Asrar fi Tarikh Dar Hijrat al-Nabi al-Mukhtar, Marjani, vol. 1, p. 570.</ref> 9th century,<ref>Al-Tuhfa al-Latifa fi Tarikh al-Madina al-Sharifa, Sakhavi, vol. 1, p. 40. / Itharat al-Targhib wa al-Tashwiq (with Ziyarat Bayt al-Maqdis by Ibn Taymiyya), Khwarizmi, vol. 2, p. 74.</ref> 10th century,<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Wafa_al-Wafa_Samhudi_Vol3.pdf&page=189 Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, Samhudi, vol. 3, p. 189.]</ref> and 11th century.<ref>Al-Jawahir al-Thamina fi Mahasin al-Madina, p. 135 / Al-Rihla al-ʿAyyashiyya, vol. 1, p. 392.</ref> 
*The exterior environment of the mosque with white walls and white color scheme.
*Image of the interior environment of the mosque + the mihrab area.
*The public section of the mosque's prayer hall that has been attached to the main section.
*The exterior view of the mosque along with the surrounding houses and the public passage.
*The main and old section of the mosque with dimensions approximately 4 meters in length and width + a view of the ceiling.
Images of the mosque after the 2022 renovation.


*Entrance of the mosque.
==Current Status== 
*The return of the appearance of the mosque's walls and arches to their former and ancient look.
Today, Salman al-Farsi Mosque remains a site of visitation and prayer for pilgrims.<ref name=":3">Athar Islami Makka wa Madina, Jaʿfariyan, p. 300.</ref> The mosque features a covered prayer hall in the southern part (qibla side) and a courtyard in the northern section. The prayer hall is rectangular with an arched roof.<ref name=":1" /> The mosque is 8.5 meters long and 7 meters wide.<ref name=":6" /> 
*Public space of the mosque.
*Presence of worshipers in the mosque.
*A view of the mihrab and the main old section of the mosque.
Images from 2024, after the demolition of the houses around the mosque.
*Images from a distance of the mosque area during the municipality operations in Medina.
*The back wall of the mosque in the midst of the municipality operations.
*View of the mosque after the demolition of the surrounding houses.
*A distant view of the mosque after the renovation operations where only the mosque building remains.
*The current image of the mosque after leveling the surrounding lands.


Old pictures of the mosque building.
==Historical Images==
==Notes==
<gallery> 
{{Notes}}
File:غغب.jpg|alt=
==References==
File:1776097.jpg|alt=
{{References}}
File:سلمان2.jpg|alt=
. Al-Durr al-Thamīn fī Maʿālim Dār al-Rasūl al-Amīn**, Ghālī Muḥammad Amīn al-Shanqīṭī, Jeddah: Dār al-Qiblah, 1992.
File:Cdn4.premiumread.jpg|alt=
 
File:2024-09-03 06 39 50-الفتح، 7149 - حي - 3378، المدينة المنورة 42312، عربستان سعودی - Google Maps.png|alt=|According to the image, the mosque's entrance was blocked for some time.
. Al-Majmūʿah al-Muṣawwarah li-Āshar al-Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah**, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Kuʿakī, Madinah, 1999
</gallery>


. Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Bayna al-ʿAmārah wa al-Tārīkh**, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Kuʿakī, Madinah, Publisher: Author, 2011.
==Recent Images==
<gallery> 
File:2024-09-03 07 11 04-Google Maps.png|alt= 
File:2024-09-03 07 06 12-Google Maps.png|Mihrab 
File:2024-09-03 06 59 44-Google Maps.png|alt=|Southern side of the mosque from the outside, showing the mihrab. 
File:2024-09-03 07 04 33-Google Maps.png|alt=|Images of the mosque before the installation of glass doors. 
File:2024-09-03 07 05 48-Google Maps.png|alt= 
File:2024-09-03 07 00 12-Google Maps.png|alt= 
File:Thumbnail sm MfPou8NzLmWlkOg.webp|alt= 
</gallery> 


.Āthār al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah**, ʿAbd al-Qadūs al-Anṣārī, Al-Maktabah al-Salafīyah bi al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, 3rd edition, 1393 AH.
==Notes== 
{{Notes}} 


. Masājid al-Ātharīyah**, Muḥammad al-Yās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, 1418 AH, Matābiʿ al-Rashīd bi al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, 2nd edition, 1419 AH
==References==
 
{{References}} 
. Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafá**, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Samhūdī, Tahrīq Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī, London: Mawsasah al-Furqān li al-Turāth al-Islāmī, 2001.
*Ibn al-Barraj, Al-Qāḍī.** *Al-Muhadhdhab*. Qom: Muʾassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1406 AH.
. Tārīkh al-Madīnah Munawwarah**, ʿUmar ibn Shabbah Namīrī.
*Ibn Ṭāwūs, Sayyid.** *Miṣbāḥ al-Zāʾir*. Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt, 1417 AH. 
*Khwārizmī, Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq.** *Ithārat al-Targhīb wa al-Tashwīq (with Ziyārat Bayt al-Maqdis by Ibn Taymiyya)*. Mecca: Maktabat Nizār Muṣṭafā al-Bāz, 1418 AH. 
*Mashhadī, Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar.** *Al-Mazār*. Qom: Nashr al-Qayyūm, 1419 AH. 
*Ibn Jubayr.** *Riḥlat Ibn Jubayr (Tadhkira bi al-Akhbār ʿan Ittifāqāt al-Asfār)*. Beirut: Al-Muʾassasa al-ʿArabiyya li al-Dirāsāt wa al-Nashr, 2008 CE. 
*Ibn Baṭṭūṭa.** *Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa (Tuḥfat al-Nuẓẓār fī Gharāʾib al-Amṣār wa ʿAjāʾib al-Asfār)*. Rabat: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 AH. 
*Sakhāwī, Shams al-Dīn.** *Al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa*. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1414 AH/1993 CE. 
*Ḥusaynī, Muḥammad Kabrīt al-Madanī.** *Al-Jawāhir al-Thamīna fī Maḥāsin al-Madīna*. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1417 AH. 
*ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad.** *Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya (1661–1663 CE)*. Abu Dhabi: Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006 CE. 
*ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Muḥammad Ilyās.** *Masājid al-Āthārīya fī al-Madīna al-Munawwara*. Medina: Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd, 1419 AH. 
*Samhūdī, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh.** *Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā*. Edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī. London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān, 2001 CE. 
*Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl.** *Āthār Islāmī Makka wa Madīna*. Tehran: Nashr Mashʿar, 1390 SH. 
*Ibn Najjār, Muḥammad ibn Maḥmūd.** *Al-Durra al-Thamīna fī Tārīkh al-Madīna*. Cairo: Maktabat al-Thaqāfa al-Dīniyya, n.d.
*Muṣṭafā, Ṣāliḥ Lamʿī.** *Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Taṭawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī*. Beirut: Dār al-Nahḍa al-ʿArabiyya, 1981 CE.


. Al-Riḥlah al-ʿIyāshīyah**, Abū Sālim ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ʿIyāshī, Dār al-Sawīdī li al-Nashr wa al-Tawzīʿ, 1st edition, 2006.
{{end}}
 
{{Places in Medina}} 
. Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan**, Khayyārī, Aḥmad Yāsīn Aḥmad, 1419 AH, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Al-Mamlakah al-ʿArabīyah al-Saʿūdīyah, Al-Amānah al-ʿĀmmah li al-Iḥtifāl bi Mawrūr Miʾah ʿĀm ʿalá Tāsīs al-Mamlakah.
[[Category:Mosques in Medina]] 
 
[[Category:Completed articles]]
. Website of Saudi Press Agency (SPA)**.

Latest revision as of 15:09, 18 March 2025

Salman al-Farsi Mosque
Template:Px
General Information
PlaceSaudi Arabia * Medina * Near the Fath Mosque and at the edge of Mount Sela'
UsageMosque
Religious Aspect
Religious AffiliationIslam
History
Time of Construction1st century AH
Historical FeaturesThe place where the Prophet(s) prayed
Current State
StatusExisting

Directions

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Leaflet

Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the historical mosques in Medina, located south of the Fath Mosque and northwest of Mount Sela'. The Prophet (PBUH) prayed at this site during the Battle of the Trench. The mosque is named after Salman al-Farsi, one of the companions of [[Prophet Muhammad(s)], who suggested digging the trench to defend against the Quraysh army. The mosque features a courtyard and a rectangular prayer hall.

Name and Location

Salman al-Farsi Mosque is located south of the Fath Mosque and northwest of the slopes of Mount Sela'.[1] It is said that the mosque was named after Salman al-Farsi, a companion of the Prophet (PBUH), who played a key role in the Battle of the Trench by proposing the idea of digging the trench.[1]

The Prophet's Prayer

Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the Fath Mosques. According to narrations, the Prophet (PBUH) prayed at the Fath Mosque and its surrounding mosques.[2] Ibn Shabba reports that during the Battle of the Trench, the Prophet prayed at the base of Mount Sela' and then ascended the mountain to supplicate.[3] Researchers believe this site to be the same as Salman al-Farsi Mosque.[4]

History

Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Medina. Some scholars suggest that it was likely built during the governorship of Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz over Medina (87–101 AH).[5] The mention of the mosque in the works of Ibn Shabba[3] (who lived between 173–262 AH) indicates that the mosque existed in the 2nd century AH.

Ibn al-Barraj (d. 481 AH) also mentioned this mosque.[6] The mosque was reconstructed in 577 AH.[7][8] After this reconstruction, Ibn Najjar described the mosque as being surrounded by numerous palm trees and constructed with stone and plaster.[2] Some Shia sources from the 7th century AH mention prayers and visits to this mosque.[9][10]

Ibn Jubayr (d. 614 AH) described the mosque in his travelogue as being on the way to Mount Uhud.[11] The mosque is also mentioned in works from the 8th century,[12] 9th century,[13] 10th century,[14] and 11th century.[15]

Current Status

Today, Salman al-Farsi Mosque remains a site of visitation and prayer for pilgrims.[16] The mosque features a covered prayer hall in the southern part (qibla side) and a courtyard in the northern section. The prayer hall is rectangular with an arched roof.[4] The mosque is 8.5 meters long and 7 meters wide.[5]

Historical Images

  • According to the image, the mosque's entrance was blocked for some time.

Recent Images

  • Mihrab
    Mihrab
  • Southern side of the mosque from the outside, showing the mihrab.
  • Images of the mosque before the installation of glass doors.

Notes

  1. ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 Masājid al-Athariya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 143.
  2. ↑ Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 Al-Durra al-Thamina fi Tarikh al-Madina, Ibn Najjar, p. 189.
  3. ↑ Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 Tarikh al-Madina al-Munawwara, Ibn Shabba, pp. 58–59.
  4. ↑ Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 Masājid al-Athariya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 144.
  5. ↑ Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, p. 188.
  6. ↑ Al-Muhadhdhab, Ibn al-Barraj, vol. 1, p. 283.
  7. ↑ Bahjat al-Nufus wa al-Asrar fi Tarikh Dar Hijrat al-Nabi al-Mukhtar, Marjani, vol. 1, p. 570.
  8. ↑ Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, p. 189.
  9. ↑ Al-Mazar, Muhammad ibn Jaʿfar al-Mashhadi, p. 102.
  10. ↑ Misbah al-Zaʾir, Sayyid Ibn Tawus, p. 64.
  11. ↑ Rihlat Ibn Jubayr, p. 156.
  12. ↑ Rihlat Ibn Battuta, vol. 1, p. 363 / Bahjat al-Nufus wa al-Asrar fi Tarikh Dar Hijrat al-Nabi al-Mukhtar, Marjani, vol. 1, p. 570.
  13. ↑ Al-Tuhfa al-Latifa fi Tarikh al-Madina al-Sharifa, Sakhavi, vol. 1, p. 40. / Itharat al-Targhib wa al-Tashwiq (with Ziyarat Bayt al-Maqdis by Ibn Taymiyya), Khwarizmi, vol. 2, p. 74.
  14. ↑ Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, Samhudi, vol. 3, p. 189.
  15. ↑ Al-Jawahir al-Thamina fi Mahasin al-Madina, p. 135 / Al-Rihla al-ʿAyyashiyya, vol. 1, p. 392.
  16. ↑ Athar Islami Makka wa Madina, Jaʿfariyan, p. 300.

References

  • Ibn al-Barraj, Al-Qāḍī.** *Al-Muhadhdhab*. Qom: Muʾassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1406 AH.
  • Ibn Ṭāwūs, Sayyid.** *Miṣbāḥ al-Zāʾir*. Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt, 1417 AH.
  • Khwārizmī, Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq.** *Ithārat al-Targhīb wa al-Tashwīq (with Ziyārat Bayt al-Maqdis by Ibn Taymiyya)*. Mecca: Maktabat Nizār Muṣṭafā al-Bāz, 1418 AH.
  • Mashhadī, Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar.** *Al-Mazār*. Qom: Nashr al-Qayyūm, 1419 AH.
  • Ibn Jubayr.** *Riḥlat Ibn Jubayr (Tadhkira bi al-Akhbār ʿan Ittifāqāt al-Asfār)*. Beirut: Al-Muʾassasa al-ʿArabiyya li al-Dirāsāt wa al-Nashr, 2008 CE.
  • Ibn Baṭṭūṭa.** *Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa (Tuḥfat al-Nuẓẓār fī Gharāʾib al-Amṣār wa ʿAjāʾib al-Asfār)*. Rabat: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 AH.
  • Sakhāwī, Shams al-Dīn.** *Al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa*. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1414 AH/1993 CE.
  • Ḥusaynī, Muḥammad Kabrīt al-Madanī.** *Al-Jawāhir al-Thamīna fī Maḥāsin al-Madīna*. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1417 AH.
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Template:Places in Medina

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