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{{جعبه اطلاعات بنای مذهبی
{{Building
| عنوان =Mawlid al-Nabī
| title = Salman al-Farsi Mosque
| تصویر =مولد النبی۲.jpg
| image =سلمان.jpg
| اندازه تصویر =300
| image size =  
| بنيانگذار =
| image link =  
| Establishment= 2 century AH
| image description =  
| Usage= Mosque
| other names =
| place=[[Shiʿb Abi Ṭālib]] - [[Sawq al-Layl]]- [[mecca]]
| place = [[Saudi Arabia]] * [[Medina]] * Near the [[Fath Mosque]] and at the edge of Mount Sela' 
| Another Names = [[Maktaba Makkah Al-Mukarrma Library]]
| usage = Mosque
| Related events = Birthplace of the Prophet Muḥammad
| religious affiliation = Islam
| ظرفیت =
| beliefs =
| وضعیت = تخریب شده
| rituals =
و در محل آن کتابخانه بنا شده است
| rulings =
| مساحت =
| pilgrims =
| امکانات =
| visitors =
| شماره ثبت =
| time of construction = 1st century AH
| معمار =
| founder =  
| سبک =
| events =  
| بازسازی = بازسازی‌های متعدد در دوره‌های تاریخی
| reconstructions =
| وبگاه =  
| reconstructors =
}}
| missing parts =
| historical features = The place where the Prophet(s) prayed
| trustee =
| space =
| length =
| width =
| height =
| status = Existing
| capacity =
| facilities =
| parts =
| architect =
| style =
| properties =
| domes =
| minarets =  
| doors =  
| porticos =
| courts =  
| verandas =  
| affiliated entity =  
| maintaining entity =  
| administrator =  
| imam of prayer =  
| subsidiary entities =
| registered in =
| registration no. =
| registration date =
| website =
| latitude =  24.477443
| longitude = 39.595562
| map description =  
}}
'''Salman al-Farsi Mosque''' is one of the historical mosques in Medina, located south of the [[Fath Mosque (Medina)|Fath Mosque]] and northwest of [[Mount Sela']]. The Prophet (PBUH) prayed at this site during the [[Battle of the Trench]]. The mosque is named after [[Salman al-Farsi]], one of the companions of [[Prophet Muhammad(s)], who suggested digging the trench to defend against the Quraysh army. The mosque features a courtyard and a rectangular prayer hall. 


'''Mawlid al-Nabī''' (The birthplace of the Prophet <small>(PBUH)</small> is the house of [[Abdullah b. Abdul Muṭṭalib]], where the [[prophet Muḥammad]] (PBUH) was born; This place was located in the city of [[Mecca]] in the neighborhood of [[Shiʿb Abi Ṭālib]]. In the second century of Hijra, [[Khayzrān]], the mother of [[Hārūn al-Rashīd]], bought that place and turned it into a [[mosque]].
==Name and Location== 
Reports from the 6th century onwards indicate that an ornate marble monument for marking the birthplace of the Prophet (PBUH) was built in a part of the mosque. In the reconstruction it on 1009 AH, a large dome and minaret were built for this mosque.
Salman al-Farsi Mosque is located south of the [[Fath Mosque]] and northwest of the slopes of [[Mount Sela']].<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Masajid_al-Athariya.pdf&page=143 Masājid al-Athariya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 143.]</ref> It is said that the mosque was named after [[Salman al-Farsi]], a companion of the Prophet (PBUH), who played a key role in the [[Battle of the Trench]] by proposing the idea of digging the trench.<ref name=":0" /> 


The birthplace of the Prophet's Mosque was considered one of the blessed places in Mecca, and every year on the night of the birth of the Prophet <small>(PBUH)</small>, the people of Mecca attended there. Reports from the 10th century have said  the existence of a special and official ritual that was held on the 12th night of Rabīʿ al-awwal  with the presence of the representative of the Ottoman government in [[Mecca]] (the supervisor of [[Masjid al-Ḥarām]]).
==The Prophet's Prayer== 
Due to the importance and fame of Mawlid al-Nabī, this building has been rebuilt many times by order of kings and nobles, but it was destroyed during the The [[House of Saʿūd]] government like many blessed places and buildings in Mecca (in 1343 AH/ 1303 sh). In the year 1370 AH/1329 sh. In order to keep the memory of this place alive, a library was built in it, which is still there, and it is called ''[[Maktaba Makkah Al-Mukarrma Library]]''.
Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the [[Fath Mosques]]. According to narrations, the Prophet (PBUH) prayed at the Fath Mosque and its surrounding mosques.<ref name=":4">Al-Durra al-Thamina fi Tarikh al-Madina, Ibn Najjar, p. 189.</ref> Ibn Shabba reports that during the [[Battle of the Trench]], the Prophet prayed at the base of Mount Sela' and then ascended the mountain to supplicate.<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Tarikh_al-Madina_al-Munawwara_Ibn_Shabba.pdf&page=59 Tarikh al-Madina al-Munawwara, Ibn Shabba, pp. 58–59.]</ref> Researchers believe this site to be the same as Salman al-Farsi Mosque.<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Masajid_al-Athariya.pdf&page=144 Masājid al-Athariya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 144.]</ref>
==History==
The house where prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was born, which was located at the location of [[Shiʿb Abi Ṭālib]]  in a neighborhood called [[Sawq al-Layl]], has been called ''Mawlid al-Nabī (pbuh)'' or the birthplace of the Prophet. In some historical sources, other places have been mentioned as the possible place of the Prophet’s birth, which is not approved by most historians of [[Mecca]].<ref>Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām'', vol. 1, p. 270.</ref>


===until the third century===
==History==
According to Azraqī in his book ''Akhbār Makka'', who lived in the third century, ''Mawlid al-Nabī (pbuh)'', or the house where the Prophet was born, fell into the hands of [[ʿAqīl]], son of [[Abū Ṭālib]], after his emigration, and was passed on to ʿAqīl’s children until it was handed over to Muhammad b. Yūsuf. Thaqafī was sold and he added it to his house, which was known as the ''White House''. When Khayzrān, the mother of [[Harūn al-Rashīd]], performed [[Hajj]] in 171 A.H., she bought it and built a mosque in it where they pray. Azraqī states that the people of [[Mecca]] have not discord about the birthplace of the Prophet.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 198.</ref> The same report was also given by Fākihī (245 AH), another old historian of the history of Mecca.<ref>Fākihī, ''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥaīthih'', vol. 4, p. 5.</ref>
Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in [[Medina]]. Some scholars suggest that it was likely built during the governorship of [[Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz]] over Medina (87–101 AH).<ref name=":6">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Al-Madina_al-Munawwara_Tatawwuruhā_al-ʿUmrānī.pdf&page=188 Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, p. 188.]</ref> The mention of the mosque in the works of Ibn Shabba<ref name=":2" /> (who lived between 173–262 AH) indicates that the mosque existed in the 2nd century AH.


===Ibn Jubayr's report (seventh century)===
Ibn al-Barraj (d. 481 AH) also mentioned this mosque.<ref>Al-Muhadhdhab, Ibn al-Barraj, vol. 1, p. 283.</ref> The mosque was reconstructed in 577 AH.<ref name=":5">Bahjat al-Nufus wa al-Asrar fi Tarikh Dar Hijrat al-Nabi al-Mukhtar, Marjani, vol. 1, p. 570.</ref><ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Al-Madina_al-Munawwara_Tatawwuruhā_al-ʿUmrānī.pdf&page=189 Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, p. 189.]</ref> After this reconstruction, [[Ibn Najjar]] described the mosque as being surrounded by numerous palm trees and constructed with stone and plaster.<ref name=":4" /> Some Shia sources from the 7th century AH mention prayers and visits to this mosque.<ref>Al-Mazar, Muhammad ibn Jaʿfar al-Mashhadi, p. 102.</ref><ref>Misbah al-Zaʾir, Sayyid Ibn Tawus, p. 64.</ref> 


[[Ibn Jubayr]] (614 AH) visited this mosque in 579 AH and described it in his travelogue.<ref>Ibn Jubayr, 'Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr'', p. 82, 125.</ref>He considered the building to be a magnificent mosque that “opens on Mondays in the month of Rabiʿ al-Awwal, which is the month of the Prophet’s (PBUH) birth and birthday and all the people will come there on that day to obtain grace and blessings, and other holy places will also be opened on the same day, and it is always the Day of Resurrection in [[Mecca]].”<ref>Ibn Jubayr, 'Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr'', p. 154.</ref>  
[[Ibn Jubayr]] (d. 614 AH) described the mosque in his travelogue as being on the way to [[Mount Uhud]].<ref>Rihlat Ibn Jubayr, p. 156.</ref> The mosque is also mentioned in works from the 8th century,<ref>Rihlat Ibn Battuta, vol. 1, p. 363 / Bahjat al-Nufus wa al-Asrar fi Tarikh Dar Hijrat al-Nabi al-Mukhtar, Marjani, vol. 1, p. 570.</ref> 9th century,<ref>Al-Tuhfa al-Latifa fi Tarikh al-Madina al-Sharifa, Sakhavi, vol. 1, p. 40. / Itharat al-Targhib wa al-Tashwiq (with Ziyarat Bayt al-Maqdis by Ibn Taymiyya), Khwarizmi, vol. 2, p. 74.</ref> 10th century,<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=File:Wafa_al-Wafa_Samhudi_Vol3.pdf&page=189 Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, Samhudi, vol. 3, p. 189.]</ref> and 11th century.<ref>Al-Jawahir al-Thamina fi Mahasin al-Madina, p. 135 / Al-Rihla al-ʿAyyashiyya, vol. 1, p. 392.</ref>


According to Ibn Jubayr, the Prophet’s birthplace in this mosque is built in the form of a pond with a width of three wajabs (0.675m), in the middle of which is a green marble with a width of two-thirds of a wajab (about 0.225m), which is said to be surrounded by silver. The [[Miḥrāb]] of the mosque is located in front of this place.<ref>Ibn Jubayr, 'Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr'', p. 126-127.</ref>
==Current Status== 
Today, Salman al-Farsi Mosque remains a site of visitation and prayer for pilgrims.<ref name=":3">Athar Islami Makka wa Madina, Jaʿfariyan, p. 300.</ref> The mosque features a covered prayer hall in the southern part (qibla side) and a courtyard in the northern section. The prayer hall is rectangular with an arched roof.<ref name=":1" /> The mosque is 8.5 meters long and 7 meters wide.<ref name=":6" />


===Fāsī's report (ninth century)===
==Historical Images==
<gallery> 
File:غغب.jpg|alt= 
File:1776097.jpg|alt= 
File:سلمان2.jpg|alt= 
File:Cdn4.premiumread.jpg|alt=
File:2024-09-03 06 39 50-الفتح، 7149 - حي - 3378، المدينة المنورة 42312، عربستان سعودی - Google Maps.png|alt=|According to the image, the mosque's entrance was blocked for some time. 
</gallery>


More than two centuries later, the Mecca historian Taqī al-Dīn Fāsī (832 AH) gave a description of this place, which was respected and cherished by the people of [[Mecca]], in the book ''Shifāʾ al-gharām''. The building of the mosque is depicted as a square shape with two arcuate arches, which has a large angle in its southwest corner.<ref>Fāsī, Shifāʾ al-gharām, vol. 1, p. 268.</ref>
==Recent Images==
<gallery> 
File:2024-09-03 07 11 04-Google Maps.png|alt= 
File:2024-09-03 07 06 12-Google Maps.png|Mihrab 
File:2024-09-03 06 59 44-Google Maps.png|alt=|Southern side of the mosque from the outside, showing the mihrab. 
File:2024-09-03 07 04 33-Google Maps.png|alt=|Images of the mosque before the installation of glass doors.
File:2024-09-03 07 05 48-Google Maps.png|alt= 
File:2024-09-03 07 00 12-Google Maps.png|alt= 
File:Thumbnail sm MfPou8NzLmWlkOg.webp|alt= 
</gallery>


===The report of the ʾulīāʾ Chalbī (11th century)===
==Notes==
{{Notes}} 


Two and a half centuries later, in 1081 AH, Turkish travel writer ʾulīāʾ Chalbī saw Mawlid al-Nabī and described it in his book. He has described this building as a large and beautiful mosque, which was a square building with a high dome covered with lead. Chalbī mentioned the decorations inside the mosque, including the precious carpet and the pulpit covered with silk cloth and gold. According to him, the Prophet’s birthplace was a stone in a yellow hole on which the place of his body was imprinted.<ref>Chalbī,''Al-Raḥla al-ḥijāzīyya'', pp. 255-256</ref>
==References==
 
{{References}} 
===The last descriptions of Mould al-Nabi building before its destruction===
*Ibn al-Barraj, Al-Qāḍī.** *Al-Muhadhdhab*. Qom: Muʾassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1406 AH.   
 
*Ibn Ṭāwūs, Sayyid.** *Miṣbāḥ al-Zāʾir*. Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt, 1417 AH. 
Mulla Ibrahīm Kazirūnī, who had the opportunity to visit this house in 1315 AH, writes: “On Friday, the 14th, we went to visit the Prophet (PBUH) birthplace  at a place known as the Mawlid al-Nabī, and that place is located in [[Sawq al-layl]] We went inside and went down approximately fourteen steps. We entered a room named after the mosque. After that, we went to another room. There is a shrine in this room. The servant opened the door of the shrine. There is a pit inside this shrine. In the middle of it there is a green stone, which was the birthplace of Prophet.” <ref>''Safarnām-iy Mulla Ibrahīm Kazirūnī'', p. 366.</ref>
*Khwārizmī, Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq.** *Ithārat al-Targhīb wa al-Tashwīq (with Ziyārat Bayt al-Maqdis by Ibn Taymiyya)*. Mecca: Maktabat Nizār Muṣṭafā al-Bāz, 1418 AH.
 
*Mashhadī, Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar.** *Al-Mazār*. Qom: Nashr al-Qayyūm, 1419 AH.
MuḥammadLabīb Batanūnī who in 1909/1327 AH. He traveled to mecca in his travelogue and drew a plan from the plan of the Prophet’s building and described it as follows: “When you enter it, you first enter a 12-meter-long and 6-meter-wide playground, which is on the right wall. There is a door, after passing through it you will enter a space on which a dome is placed, in the middle of this space and under the dome leaning against the western wall, there is a wooden compartment inside which is a concave marble stone with a little It has sunk in. It can be seen. This place shows the birthplace of the prophet” <ref>Batanūnī , ''Safarnām-iy ḥijāz'', p. 146.</ref>
*Ibn Jubayr.** *Riḥlat Ibn Jubayr (Tadhkira bi al-Akhbār ʿan Ittifāqāt al-Asfār)*. Beirut: Al-Muʾassasa al-ʿArabiyya li al-Dirāsāt wa al-Nashr, 2008 CE.
 
*Ibn Baṭṭūṭa.** *Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa (Tuḥfat al-Nuẓẓār fī Gharāʾib al-Amṣār wa ʿAjāʾib al-Asfār)*. Rabat: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 AH.
==Renovations==
*Sakhāwī, Shams al-Dīn.** *Al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa*. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1414 AH/1993 CE.
 
*Ḥusaynī, Muḥammad Kabrīt al-Madanī.** *Al-Jawāhir al-Thamīna fī Maḥāsin al-Madīna*. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1417 AH.
The building of Mawlid al-Nabī was the attention of princes and kings and was renovated many times. The list of these renovations is as follows:
*ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad.** *Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya (1661–1663 CE)*. Abu Dhabi: Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006 CE.
 
*ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Muḥammad Ilyās.** *Masājid al-Āthārīya fī al-Madīna al-Munawwara*. Medina: Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd, 1419 AH.
* Year 576 AH, By Nāsser, [[ʿAbbāsid Caliph]];
*Samhūdī, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh.** *Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā*. Edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī. London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān, 2001 CE.
* Year 666 AH, King Muzaffar, the ruler of Yemen;
*Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl.** *Āthār Islāmī Makka wa Madīna*. Tehran: Nashr Mashʿar, 1390 SH.
* Year 740 AH, King Mujāhid, the ruler of Yemen;
*Ibn Najjār, Muḥammad ibn Maḥmūd.** *Al-Durra al-Thamīna fī Tārīkh al-Madīna*. Cairo: Maktabat al-Thaqāfa al-Dīniyya, n.d.
* Year 758 AH, Amīr Sheikhun, one of the grandees of Egypt;
*Muṣṭafā, Ṣāliḥ Lamʿī.** *Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Taṭawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī*. Beirut: Dār al-Nahḍa al-ʿArabiyya, 1981 CE.   
* Year 766 AH, King Shaʿbān, King of Egypt;
* Year 801 AH, King Ẓāhir Barquq, King of Egypt;<ref>Fāsī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām'', vol. 1, p. 270.</ref>
 
===In the Ottoman era===
 
* In 935 AH, King Sulaymān ʿthmānī;
* In 1009 AH, by the order of King Muḥammad ʿthmānī under the supervision of Ghaḍanfar Āghā <ref>sanjārī, ''Manāʾiḥ al-karam'', vol. 3, p. 506.</ref> In this reconstruction, a large dome and a minaret were built for this building, and endowments were determined by the Ottoman government for it, and a muezzin, servant, and Imam were determined for the mosque.<ref>Ṭabarī ,''Tārikh-i makka, ittiḥāf fuḍalāʾal-zaman  bitārīkh wālīh banī al-ḥasan'', Vol 2, p. 15.</ref>
* In 1230, Muḥammad ʿAlī Pāshā of [[Egypt]] ordered king Muḥammad Khān.
* The last repair is said to have been in the time of ʿAbd al-Majīd Khān.<ref>Ghāzī, ''Ifāda al-anām bi akhbār al-balad Allah al-ḥarām'',vol. 2, p. 71.</ref>
 
==Prophet’s(PBUH) birthday celebration in Mawlid al-Nabī Mosque==
 
In the 6th century, Ibn Jubayr reported the presence of the people of Mecca in the Prophet’s birthday Mosque on Monday in the month of Rabi al-Awwal on the occasion of the celebration of the Prophet’s birthday.<ref>Jubayr, Safarnāma Ibn Jubayr, p. 154.</ref> There are reports of the celebration of the birth of the Prophet in this place in the later centuries.
 
Muḥammad b. Aḥmad Nahrawālī (d. 990AH) gave a detailed report about the ritual of the Prophet’s birthday in the 10th century. According to him, every year on the twelfth night of [[Rabiʿ al-Awwal]], after Maghrib prayer, the jurists, nobles, grandees and people, while carrying many candles and torches, gather before the supervisor of [[Masjid al-Ḥarām]] and the judges of the Sunni’s four denominations, and from Masjid al-Ḥarām to Sawq al-layl and Mawlid al-Nabī place and enter it and gather near the birthplace of the Prophet (PBUH). A sermon is read there, and after that, people come to Masjid al-Ḥarām, and some officials of [[Masjid al-Ḥarām]] are given robes, and the [[ʿIshā prayer]] is held, and the ceremony ends.<ref>Nahrawālī, ''Al-Aʿlām bi aʿlām bayt Allāh al-harām'', p. 422.</ref>More than a century later, a travel writer who went on [[Hajj]] in 1105-1106 AH narrated the same report of Nahrawālī and described this event as a big gathering in which many primitives and residents of other cities (except Mecca) participated.<ref>Al-nāblusī ‘’Al-Ḥaqīqa wa al-Majāzl. 3, pp. 354-355.</ref>
[[پرونده:تصویر قدیمی مکتبه مکه مکرمه.jpg|بندانگشتی|An old picture of the library building|جایگزین=]]
 
==Destruction of the building and construction of the library==
 
In the [[House of Saʿūd]] government, the building of Mawlid al-Nabī, like many old buildings in Mecca, was destroyed in the year 1343 AH under the pretext that people were looking for blessings on it.<ref>Bilādī, ''ʿĀtiq Maʿālim Makka al-tarikhiyya wa al-atharīyya'',  p. 294.</ref>
 
Later, due to the fact that there was no grave to be visited in this place, some people tried to get permission to rebuild it. In 1370, permission was issued to build a library in this place.
 
The capital of the construction of the building was paid by Fatemeh, daughter of Yūsuf Qattān, and her brother Sheikh ʿAbbas Qattān (d. 1370 AH) supervised the construction of the building, and after his death, his sons finished the construction of the building. In this way, ''Makkah Al-Mukarrma School'' was built in this place.<ref>Abū Sulaymān,''Maktabat makkah al- Makka al-mukarrama qadīman wa ḥadīthan'', p. 80.</ref>
 
==Notes==
{{Notes}}
==references==
{{References}}
*ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-nāblusī.''Al-Ḥaqīqa wa al-Majāz fī raḥla al-bilād al-shām wa misr wa al-ḥijāz''. Damascus: Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1419 AH.
*ʿAbd al-Wahhāb Ibrāhīm Abū Sulaymān.''Maktabat makkah al- Makka al-mukarrama qadīman wa ḥadīthan.'' Riyadh: Maktaba al-malik fahad al-Waṭanīyyah, 1433 AH.
*ʿAlī b. Tāj al-ddīn al-sanjārī.''Manāʾiḥ al-karam''. Mecca: umm al-qurā university, 1998.  
*Azraqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-.''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār''. Edited by Rushdī *Batanūnī, Muḥammad Labīb.''Al-Raḥla al-ḥijaziyya''. Cairo: Al-Thiqāfat al-Dīniyya, [n.d
*Bilādī, ʿĀtiq.''Maʿālim Makka al-tarikhiyya wa al-atharīyya''. Mecca: 1400 AH
*Fāsī al-Makkī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad.''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām''. Edited by ʿUmar ʿAbd al-Salām al-Tadmurī. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1405 AH.
*Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl.''Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 Sh
*Jaʿfarīyān, Rasūl.''Mīrāth-i islamī-yi Iran''. Qom: Nashr-i Kitābkhāna-yi Marʿashī Najafī, 1377 Sh.
*Jubayr, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad.''Safarnāma-iy Ibn Jubayr''. Translated by Parwīz Atābakī. Mashhad: Intishārāt-i Āstān-i Quds-i Raḍawī, 1370 Sh.
*Nahrawānī al-Makkī, Quṭb al-Dīn.''Al-Aʿlām bi aʿlām bayt Allāh al-harām''. Beirut: Dār al-Rāʾiq al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, [n.d].
* Makkī,ʿAbd Allāh Ghāzī al-.''Ifāda al-anām bi akhbār al-balad Allah al-ḥarām''.
*Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-.''Tārikh-i makka, ittiḥāf fuḍalāʾal-zaman bitārīkh wālīh banī al-ḥasan''. Cairo: Dār al-Kitāb al-Jāmiʿī, 1413 AH.   
*ʾulīāʾ, Chalbī.''Al-Raḥla al-ḥijāzīyya''. [n.p], Dār al-Āfāq al-ʿArabīyya, 1420 AH.


{{end}}
{{end}}
{{Places in Medina}} 
[[Category:Mosques in Medina]] 
[[Category:Completed articles]]

Latest revision as of 15:09, 18 March 2025

Salman al-Farsi Mosque
Template:Px
General Information
PlaceSaudi Arabia * Medina * Near the Fath Mosque and at the edge of Mount Sela'
UsageMosque
Religious Aspect
Religious AffiliationIslam
History
Time of Construction1st century AH
Historical FeaturesThe place where the Prophet(s) prayed
Current State
StatusExisting

Directions

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Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the historical mosques in Medina, located south of the Fath Mosque and northwest of Mount Sela'. The Prophet (PBUH) prayed at this site during the Battle of the Trench. The mosque is named after Salman al-Farsi, one of the companions of [[Prophet Muhammad(s)], who suggested digging the trench to defend against the Quraysh army. The mosque features a courtyard and a rectangular prayer hall.

Name and Location

Salman al-Farsi Mosque is located south of the Fath Mosque and northwest of the slopes of Mount Sela'.[1] It is said that the mosque was named after Salman al-Farsi, a companion of the Prophet (PBUH), who played a key role in the Battle of the Trench by proposing the idea of digging the trench.[1]

The Prophet's Prayer

Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the Fath Mosques. According to narrations, the Prophet (PBUH) prayed at the Fath Mosque and its surrounding mosques.[2] Ibn Shabba reports that during the Battle of the Trench, the Prophet prayed at the base of Mount Sela' and then ascended the mountain to supplicate.[3] Researchers believe this site to be the same as Salman al-Farsi Mosque.[4]

History

Salman al-Farsi Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Medina. Some scholars suggest that it was likely built during the governorship of Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz over Medina (87–101 AH).[5] The mention of the mosque in the works of Ibn Shabba[3] (who lived between 173–262 AH) indicates that the mosque existed in the 2nd century AH.

Ibn al-Barraj (d. 481 AH) also mentioned this mosque.[6] The mosque was reconstructed in 577 AH.[7][8] After this reconstruction, Ibn Najjar described the mosque as being surrounded by numerous palm trees and constructed with stone and plaster.[2] Some Shia sources from the 7th century AH mention prayers and visits to this mosque.[9][10]

Ibn Jubayr (d. 614 AH) described the mosque in his travelogue as being on the way to Mount Uhud.[11] The mosque is also mentioned in works from the 8th century,[12] 9th century,[13] 10th century,[14] and 11th century.[15]

Current Status

Today, Salman al-Farsi Mosque remains a site of visitation and prayer for pilgrims.[16] The mosque features a covered prayer hall in the southern part (qibla side) and a courtyard in the northern section. The prayer hall is rectangular with an arched roof.[4] The mosque is 8.5 meters long and 7 meters wide.[5]

Historical Images

  • According to the image, the mosque's entrance was blocked for some time.

Recent Images

  • Mihrab
    Mihrab
  • Southern side of the mosque from the outside, showing the mihrab.
  • Images of the mosque before the installation of glass doors.

Notes

  1. ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 Masājid al-Athariya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 143.
  2. ↑ Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 Al-Durra al-Thamina fi Tarikh al-Madina, Ibn Najjar, p. 189.
  3. ↑ Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 Tarikh al-Madina al-Munawwara, Ibn Shabba, pp. 58–59.
  4. ↑ Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 Masājid al-Athariya, ʿAbd al-Ghanī, p. 144.
  5. ↑ Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, p. 188.
  6. ↑ Al-Muhadhdhab, Ibn al-Barraj, vol. 1, p. 283.
  7. ↑ Bahjat al-Nufus wa al-Asrar fi Tarikh Dar Hijrat al-Nabi al-Mukhtar, Marjani, vol. 1, p. 570.
  8. ↑ Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Tatawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī, p. 189.
  9. ↑ Al-Mazar, Muhammad ibn Jaʿfar al-Mashhadi, p. 102.
  10. ↑ Misbah al-Zaʾir, Sayyid Ibn Tawus, p. 64.
  11. ↑ Rihlat Ibn Jubayr, p. 156.
  12. ↑ Rihlat Ibn Battuta, vol. 1, p. 363 / Bahjat al-Nufus wa al-Asrar fi Tarikh Dar Hijrat al-Nabi al-Mukhtar, Marjani, vol. 1, p. 570.
  13. ↑ Al-Tuhfa al-Latifa fi Tarikh al-Madina al-Sharifa, Sakhavi, vol. 1, p. 40. / Itharat al-Targhib wa al-Tashwiq (with Ziyarat Bayt al-Maqdis by Ibn Taymiyya), Khwarizmi, vol. 2, p. 74.
  14. ↑ Wafāʾ al-Wafāʾ, Samhudi, vol. 3, p. 189.
  15. ↑ Al-Jawahir al-Thamina fi Mahasin al-Madina, p. 135 / Al-Rihla al-ʿAyyashiyya, vol. 1, p. 392.
  16. ↑ Athar Islami Makka wa Madina, Jaʿfariyan, p. 300.

References

  • Ibn al-Barraj, Al-Qāḍī.** *Al-Muhadhdhab*. Qom: Muʾassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1406 AH.
  • Ibn Ṭāwūs, Sayyid.** *Miṣbāḥ al-Zāʾir*. Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt, 1417 AH.
  • Khwārizmī, Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq.** *Ithārat al-Targhīb wa al-Tashwīq (with Ziyārat Bayt al-Maqdis by Ibn Taymiyya)*. Mecca: Maktabat Nizār Muṣṭafā al-Bāz, 1418 AH.
  • Mashhadī, Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar.** *Al-Mazār*. Qom: Nashr al-Qayyūm, 1419 AH.
  • Ibn Jubayr.** *Riḥlat Ibn Jubayr (Tadhkira bi al-Akhbār ʿan Ittifāqāt al-Asfār)*. Beirut: Al-Muʾassasa al-ʿArabiyya li al-Dirāsāt wa al-Nashr, 2008 CE.
  • Ibn Baṭṭūṭa.** *Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa (Tuḥfat al-Nuẓẓār fī Gharāʾib al-Amṣār wa ʿAjāʾib al-Asfār)*. Rabat: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 AH.
  • Sakhāwī, Shams al-Dīn.** *Al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa*. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1414 AH/1993 CE.
  • Ḥusaynī, Muḥammad Kabrīt al-Madanī.** *Al-Jawāhir al-Thamīna fī Maḥāsin al-Madīna*. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1417 AH.
  • ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad.** *Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya (1661–1663 CE)*. Abu Dhabi: Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006 CE.
  • ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Muḥammad Ilyās.** *Masājid al-Āthārīya fī al-Madīna al-Munawwara*. Medina: Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd, 1419 AH.
  • Samhūdī, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh.** *Wafāʾ al-Wafā bi-Akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā*. Edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī. London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān, 2001 CE.
  • Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl.** *Āthār Islāmī Makka wa Madīna*. Tehran: Nashr Mashʿar, 1390 SH.
  • Ibn Najjār, Muḥammad ibn Maḥmūd.** *Al-Durra al-Thamīna fī Tārīkh al-Madīna*. Cairo: Maktabat al-Thaqāfa al-Dīniyya, n.d.
  • Muṣṭafā, Ṣāliḥ Lamʿī.** *Al-Madīna al-Munawwara: Taṭawwuruhā al-ʿUmrānī*. Beirut: Dār al-Nahḍa al-ʿArabiyya, 1981 CE.

Template:Places in Medina

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