Fatima's house: Difference between revisions

The house of [[Fatima (a)]], which is also known as the house of Imam 'Ali (a), was located behind the house of the Prophet (a) (the house of 'A'isha).<ref>Qa'idan, ''Tarikh wa athar-i Islami Makka wa Madina'', p. 203; Ibn Diya' al-Makki, ''Tarikh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-haram'', p. 270. </ref>

Behind this house from the north direction, there was the [[pillar of Tahajjud]]<ref> Samhudi, ''Wafa' al-wafa'', p. Vol. 2, P. 47,58; Ansari, ''Ta'mir wa tawsi'a masjid-i sharif-i Nabawi'', p. 81; Ibn Diya' al-Makki, ''Tarikh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-haram'', p. 270.</ref> and next to that column there was the [[Mihrab of Tahajjud]],<ref>Samhudi, ''Wafa' al-wafa'', p. Vol. 2, P. 47.</ref> where [[Prophet Muhammad (a)]] used to spend the night in that place and pray at night, <ref>Samhudi, ''Wafa' al-wafa'', p. Vol. 2, P. 47.</ref> and now it is the north side of the Prophet's (s).<ref>Ja'fariyan, ''Athar-i islami-yi Makka wa Madina'', p. 219.</ref> If someone stands in the Mihrab of Tahjjud, [[‌‌Bab Jibra'il]] is on his left.<ref>Samhudi, ''Wafa' al-wafa'', p. Vol. 2, P. 47; Ansari, ''Ta'mir wa tawsi'a masjid-i sharif-i Nabawi'', p. 81; Ibn Diya' al-Makki, ''Tarikh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-haram'', p. 270.</ref> and the of [[Maqam Jibra'il]] is on his right.<ref>Ja'fariyan, ''Athar-i islami-yi Makka wa Madina'', p. 228-229.</ref>

This house was destroyed and now there is no trace of it. Its current location is inside the [[Prophet's (a) room]] and [[Prophet's shrine|shrine]]<ref>Ja'fariyan, ''Athar-i islami-yi Makka wa Madina'', p. 203,210; Baṣiri, ''Gulwazhihay-i hajj wa 'umrah'', p. 412.</ref> the sum of these two is called the al-Hujra al-Tahira and its area is about 240 square meters.<ref>Ja'fariyan, ''Athar-i islami-yi Makka wa Madina'', p. 219; Baṣiri, ''Gulwazhihay-i hajj wa 'umrah'', p. 412.</ref>

Fatima's house had two doors: a door to the east; that is to the alley, and a door to the west; That is, inside the mosque and parallel to the [[pillar of Wufud]] and [[pillar of Hars|Hars]].<ref>Qa'idan, ''Tarikh wa athar-i Islami Makka wa Madina'', p. 203; Najmi, ''Tarikh-i haram-i a'imma-yi Baqi''', p. 152.</ref> The door on the west side, which opens to the mosque, was located next to [[Maqam Jibra'il]] ([[Murabba'at al-Qabr Pillar]]).<ref> Ansari, Ta'mir wa tawsi'a masjid-i sharif-i nabawi, p. 80,81; Samhudi, ''Wafa' al-wafa'', vol. 2, p. 46,57.</ref>The door that is now known as the door of Fatima's house on the side of [[‌‌Bab Jibra'il]] is the same door that opened to the alley.<ref>Qa'idan, Tarikh wa athar-i Islami Makka wa Madina, p. 203.</ref>

==Demolition of Fatima's house and adding it to the mosque==

This house remained until the time of [[al-Walid b. 'Abd al-Malik]], the 'Umayya caliph (Ruled: 86/705-96/714-5). In the expansion of al-Masjid al-Nabawi in the year 88/706-7 by the order of al-Walid and by [['Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz]], the governor of Mecca and Medina at the time, [[al-Hasan al-Muthanna]], the son of [[Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)]], and [[Fatima, the daughter of Imam Husayn (a)]], who lived there were forced out of it and the house was destroyed and then the house joined to the mosque.<ref>Samhudi, ''Wafa' al-wafa'', p. Vol. 2, P. 89-90.</ref>

==Prophet's room==

{{Main|Prophet's room}}

The Prophet's (a) room, which is also known as the [[al-sharifa room]], is the house where Prophet and [['A'isha]] lived. This room was next to al-Masjid al-Nabawi and next to Fatima's house. [[Prophet Muhammad (a)]] was buried in this house.

==ّImportance of the house of Fatima==

According to a Narrative, Prophet (a) used to come to the door of Fatima's house for forty days and put his hand on the door frame and say: “اَلسَّلامُ عَلَیکُم یا اهلَ الْبَیت; Peace be upon you, Peace be upon you, O Ahl al-Bayt(people of the house)” and then reads [[the verse of Taṭhir]] (purification), which is about the purity of the [[Ahl al-Bayt]] from impurity.<ref>Samhudi, ''Wafa' al-wafa'', Vol. 2, p. 46. wa'iẓ khargushi, ''Sharaf al- Muṣṭafa'', Vol. 2, p. 445.</ref>

The narration of [[Saddu al-Abwab]] is also considered as one of the signs of importance of the house of Imam 'Ali and Fatima (a) and its residents. According to this narration, Prophet Muhammad ordered to close the doors of houses that opened to the mosque, except the house of 'Ali and Fatima (a).<ref>Hurr al-'Amili, ''Wasa'il al-Shi'a'', vol. 2, p. 205; Kulayni, ''Al-Rawḍa min al-kafi'', vol. 5, p. 340; Samhudi, ''Wafa' al-wafa'', vol. 2, p. 63,67.</ref>

 

This house is one of the places where it is believed that Fatima (a) was buried.<ref>Ṣaduq, ''Man la yahḍuruh al-faqih'', vol. 2, p. 572; Ṭusi, ''Tahdhib al-ahkam'', vol. 6, p. 9; Qa'idan,''Tarikh wa athar-i Islami Makka wa Madina'', p. 208.</ref>

*Ansari, Naji Muhammad Hasan 'abdu l-qadir al-. ''Ta'mir wa tawsi'a masjid-i sharif-i nabawi''. Translated by 'Abdu l- Muhammad, Ayati, Tehran: Mash'ar, 1385 sh.

*Baṣiri, 'Ali Riḍa. ''Gulwazhihay-i hajj wa 'umrah''. Tehran: Mash'ar, 1387 sh.

*Hurr al-'Amili, Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-. ''Wasa'il al-Shi'a''. Qom: Mu'assisat Al al-Bayt, 1414 AH.

*Ibn Diya' al-Makki, Muhammad b. Ahmad. ''Tarikh Makka al-musharrafa wa al-Masjid al-haram wa al-Madina al-sharifa wa al-qabr al-sharif''. Edited by al-'Adwi, Mecca: Maktabat al-tijariyya Muṣṭafa Ahmad al-Baz. 1416 AH.

*Ibn Sa'd, Muhammad b. Mani' al-Hashimi al-Baṣri. ''Al-Ṭabaqat al-kubra''. Edited by Muhammad 'Abd al-Qadir 'Aṭa. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya,1410AH-1990.

*Ja'fariyan, Rasul. ''Athar-i islami-yi Makka wa Madina''. Tehran: Mash'ar, 1382 Sh.

*Kulayni, Muhammad b. Ya'qub al-. ''Al-Rawḍa min al-kafi''. Edited by 'Ali Akbar Ghaffari. Tehran: 1389 AH

*Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir al-. ''Bihar al-anwar''. Second edition. Beirut: Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-'Arabi, 1403 AH.

*Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir al-. ''Mir'at al-'uqul''. Edited by Rasuli Mahallati. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya, 1404 AH.

*Najmi, Muhammad Ṣadiq. ''Tarikh-i haram-i a'imma-yi Baqi' wa athar-i digar dar madina-yi munawwara''. Tehran: Mash'ar, 1386 Sh.

*Qa'idan, Aṣghar. ''Tarikh wa athar-i Islami Makka wa Madina''. 4th edition. Qom: Nashr-i Mash'ar, 1381 Sh

*Ṣaduq, Muhammad b. 'Ali al-. ''Man la yahḍuruh al-faqih''. Edited by 'Ali Akbar Ghaffari. Qom: Intisharat-i Islami, 1413 AH.

*Samhudi, 'Ali b. 'Abd Allah. ''Wafa' al-wafa bi akhbar dar al-Muṣṭafa''. Edited by Muhammad Muhyi al-Din 'Abd al-Hamid. Beirut: 1984.

*Ṭabrisi, Faḍl b. al-Hasan al-. ‘’Majma' al-bayan fi tafsir al-Qur'an’’. Edited by Muhammad Jawad Balaghi. 3rd edition. Tehran: Intisharat-i Naṣir Khusraw, 1372 Sh.

*Ṭusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-. ''Tahdhib al-ahkam''. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya, 1407 AH.

*Wa'iẓ khargushi, 'Abdu l- Malik. ''Sharaf al- Muṣṭafa''. Mecca: Dar al-Basha'ir, 1424 AH.